Question 1

When the terminal phosphate group of ATP is removed by hydrolysis, forming ADP and inorganic phosphate, the type of reaction that occurs is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  endothermic 
B)  exothermic 
C)  standard 
D)  free 
A)  endothermic 
B)  exothermic 
C)  standard 
D)  free

Question 2

Membrane lipid bilayers consist primarily of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  phospholipids 
B)  cholesterol 
C)  proteins 
D)  saturated fatty acids 
A)  phospholipids 
B)  cholesterol 
C)  proteins 
D)  saturated fatty acids

Question 3

What is the role of cholesterol in plasma membrane structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  produce bile 
B)  regulate fluidity 
C)  reduce stability 
D)  produce hormones 
A)  produce bile 
B)  regulate fluidity 
C)  reduce stability 
D)  produce hormones

Question 4

Highly specialized membrane proteins that modify the cell's response to its environment are _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  transport proteins 
B)  enzymes 
C)  receptors 
D)  peroxisomes 
A)  transport proteins 
B)  enzymes 
C)  receptors 
D)  peroxisomes

Question 5

The energy needed to raise the energy of a reactant sufficiently to cause an exothermic reaction to occur is referred to as the

Accepted Answer

A)  transition state. 
B)  barrier state. 
C)  activation energy. 
D)  free energy. 
A)  transition state. 
B)  barrier state. 
C)  activation energy. 
D)  free energy.

Question 6

If you measure the abundance of an enzyme (or any other protein) and it increases, that increase is most likely due to:

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased transcription. 
B)  increased translation. 
C)  posttranslational modification. 
D)  allosteric regulation. 
E)  two of the above 
A)  decreased transcription. 
B)  increased translation. 
C)  posttranslational modification. 
D)  allosteric regulation. 
E)  two of the above

Question 7

Leader sequences attached to the amino end of newly synthesized proteins that remain within the cell are required for proteins

Accepted Answer

A)  destined for degradation. 
B)  to move to the appropriate site for proper function. 
C)  to function within lysosomes and peroxisomes. 
D)  requiring post-translational activation. 
A)  destined for degradation. 
B)  to move to the appropriate site for proper function. 
C)  to function within lysosomes and peroxisomes. 
D)  requiring post-translational activation.

Question 8

Enzymes of metabolic pathways that are associated with the cytoplasmic matrix so that the product of one enzyme is released in close proximity to the next enzyme for which it is a substrate to facilitate velocity of the overall pathway include enzymes of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  beta-oxidation 
B)  glycolysis 
C)  ketone production 
D)  the Krebs cycle 
A)  beta-oxidation 
B)  glycolysis 
C)  ketone production 
D)  the Krebs cycle

Question 9

The discipline of nutritional genomics studies _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the interactions among genes and bioactive components in food that change gene expression without changing the DNA nucleotide sequence (nutritional epigenetics) 
B)  inborn changes in DNA nucleotide sequences or gene variants (nutrigenetics) 
C)  genetic alterations that can be compensated for by increasing or decreasing specific nutrients (nutrigenomics) 
D)  all of the above 
A)  the interactions among genes and bioactive components in food that change gene expression without changing the DNA nucleotide sequence (nutritional epigenetics) 
B)  inborn changes in DNA nucleotide sequences or gene variants (nutrigenetics) 
C)  genetic alterations that can be compensated for by increasing or decreasing specific nutrients (nutrigenomics) 
D)  all of the above

Question 10

If an exothemic reaction releases -3,300 cal/mol of energy, how much energy is required for the reaction to be reversed?

Accepted Answer

A)  +3,300 
B)  -3,300 
C)  +6,600 
D)  -6,600 
A)  +3,300 
B)  -3,300 
C)  +6,600 
D)  -6,600

Question 11

Phosphorylation of ADP is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  an exothermic reaction 
B)  an endothermic reaction 
C)  an energy-releasing reaction 
D)  a downhill reaction 
A)  an exothermic reaction 
B)  an endothermic reaction 
C)  an energy-releasing reaction 
D)  a downhill reaction

Question 12

All components of the electron transport chain are embedded in the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondrial inner membrane 
B)  mitochondrial outer membrane 
C)  mitochondrial matrix 
D)  cytoplasmic matrix 
A)  mitochondrial inner membrane 
B)  mitochondrial outer membrane 
C)  mitochondrial matrix 
D)  cytoplasmic matrix

Question 13

In electron transfer, an electron donor reduces the electron receptor and in the process becomes

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidized. 
B)  transformed. 
C)  reduced. 
D)  flavin mononucleotide. 
A)  oxidized. 
B)  transformed. 
C)  reduced. 
D)  flavin mononucleotide.

Question 14

Genes contained in mitochondrial DNA are inherited only from the mother and code for

Accepted Answer

A)  all proteins functioning within the mitochondrial matrix. 
B)  non-functional ancient proteins considered remnants of evolution. 
C)  proteins vital to the production of ATP. 
D)  antioxidant proteins. 
A)  all proteins functioning within the mitochondrial matrix. 
B)  non-functional ancient proteins considered remnants of evolution. 
C)  proteins vital to the production of ATP. 
D)  antioxidant proteins.

Question 15

The Golgi apparatus is prominent in neurons and secretory cells and functions

Accepted Answer

A)  to stop the synthesis of proteins that may need carbohydrate additions. 
B)  to add polysaccharide or lipid moieties to polypeptides. 
C)  only for constitutive secretion of proteins. 
D)  only for regulated secretion of proteins. 
A)  to stop the synthesis of proteins that may need carbohydrate additions. 
B)  to add polysaccharide or lipid moieties to polypeptides. 
C)  only for constitutive secretion of proteins. 
D)  only for regulated secretion of proteins.

Question 16

For active transport (e.g., of glucose), you need:

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP. 
B)  a Na-K pump. 
C)  Na. 
D)  an integral protein. 
E)  all of the above 
A)  ATP. 
B)  a Na-K pump. 
C)  Na. 
D)  an integral protein. 
E)  all of the above

Question 17

The energy pool that serves as the major linking intermediate between energy-yielding and energy-demanding chemical reactions is:

Accepted Answer

A)  activation energy. 
B)  NAD. 
C)  ATP. 
D)  free energy. 
A)  activation energy. 
B)  NAD. 
C)  ATP. 
D)  free energy.

Question 18

Proteins attached to the membrane through hydrophobic interactions and embedded in the membrane are called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  peripheral proteins 
B)  rough endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  integral proteins 
D)  Golgi apparatuses 
A)  peripheral proteins 
B)  rough endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  integral proteins 
D)  Golgi apparatuses

Question 19

Which of the following nitrogenous bases is unique to RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  guanine 
B)  uracil 
C)  thymine 
D)  cytosine 
A)  guanine 
B)  uracil 
C)  thymine 
D)  cytosine

Question 20

Substances that bind with allosteric sites and alter the activity of regulatory enzymes are called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  transport proteins 
B)  modulators 
C)  Na pumps 
D)  sarcoplasmic reticula 
A)  transport proteins 
B)  modulators 
C)  Na pumps 
D)  sarcoplasmic reticula

When the terminal phosphate group of ATP is removed by hydrolysis, forming ADP and inorganic phosphate, the type of reaction that occurs is _____.

Membrane lipid bilayers consist primarily of _____.

What is the role of cholesterol in plasma membrane structure?

Highly specialized membrane proteins that modify the cell's response to its environment are _____.

The energy needed to raise the energy of a reactant sufficiently to cause an exothermic reaction to occur is referred to as the

If you measure the abundance of an enzyme (or any other protein) and it increases, that increase is most likely due to:

Leader sequences attached to the amino end of newly synthesized proteins that remain within the cell are required for proteins

Enzymes of metabolic pathways that are associated with the cytoplasmic matrix so that the product of one enzyme is released in close proximity to the next enzyme for which it is a substrate to facilitate velocity of the overall pathway include enzymes of _____.

The discipline of nutritional genomics studies _____.

If an exothemic reaction releases -3,300 cal/mol of energy, how much energy is required for the reaction to be reversed?

Phosphorylation of ADP is an example of _____.

All components of the electron transport chain are embedded in the _____.

In electron transfer, an electron donor reduces the electron receptor and in the process becomes

Genes contained in mitochondrial DNA are inherited only from the mother and code for

The Golgi apparatus is prominent in neurons and secretory cells and functions

For active transport (e.g., of glucose), you need:

The energy pool that serves as the major linking intermediate between energy-yielding and energy-demanding chemical reactions is:

Proteins attached to the membrane through hydrophobic interactions and embedded in the membrane are called _____.

Which of the following nitrogenous bases is unique to RNA?

Substances that bind with allosteric sites and alter the activity of regulatory enzymes are called _____.

The Digestive System:mechanism for Nourishing the Body

Carbohydrates

Fiber

Lipids

Protein

Integration and Regulation of Metabolismand the Impact of Exercise and Sport

Body Composition, Energy Expenditure, and Energy Balance

Water-Soluble Vitamins

Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Major Minerals

Water and Electrolytes

Essential Trace and Ultratrace Minerals

Nonessential Trace and Ultratrace Minerals

Filters

Exam 1: The Cell: a Microcosm of Life

When the terminal phosphate group of ATP is removed by hydrolysis, forming ADP and inorganic phosphate, the type of reaction that occurs is _____.

Membrane lipid bilayers consist primarily of _____.

What is the role of cholesterol in plasma membrane structure?

Highly specialized membrane proteins that modify the cell's response to its environment are _____.

The energy needed to raise the energy of a reactant sufficiently to cause an exothermic reaction to occur is referred to as the

If you measure the abundance of an enzyme (or any other protein) and it increases, that increase is most likely due to:

Leader sequences attached to the amino end of newly synthesized proteins that remain within the cell are required for proteins

Enzymes of metabolic pathways that are associated with the cytoplasmic matrix so that the product of one enzyme is released in close proximity to the next enzyme for which it is a substrate to facilitate velocity of the overall pathway include enzymes of _____.

The discipline of nutritional genomics studies _____.

If an exothemic reaction releases -3,300 cal/mol of energy, how much energy is required for the reaction to be reversed?

Phosphorylation of ADP is an example of _____.

All components of the electron transport chain are embedded in the _____.

In electron transfer, an electron donor reduces the electron receptor and in the process becomes

Genes contained in mitochondrial DNA are inherited only from the mother and code for

The Golgi apparatus is prominent in neurons and secretory cells and functions

For active transport (e.g., of glucose), you need:

The energy pool that serves as the major linking intermediate between energy-yielding and energy-demanding chemical reactions is:

Proteins attached to the membrane through hydrophobic interactions and embedded in the membrane are called _____.

Which of the following nitrogenous bases is unique to RNA?

Substances that bind with allosteric sites and alter the activity of regulatory enzymes are called _____.

The Digestive System:mechanism for Nourishing the Body

Carbohydrates

Fiber

Lipids

Protein

Integration and Regulation of Metabolismand the Impact of Exercise and Sport

Body Composition, Energy Expenditure, and Energy Balance

Water-Soluble Vitamins

Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Major Minerals

Water and Electrolytes

Essential Trace and Ultratrace Minerals

Nonessential Trace and Ultratrace Minerals

Filters