Question 1

Which of the following statements about bundle-sheath extensions is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They provide mechanical support for the leaf. 
B)  They interconnect all the bundle sheaths in a leaf. 
C)  They may conduct water from the xylem to the epidermis. 
D)  They consist of mesophyll cells. 
E)  They form connections between bundle sheaths and the epidermis. 
A)  They provide mechanical support for the leaf. 
B)  They interconnect all the bundle sheaths in a leaf. 
C)  They may conduct water from the xylem to the epidermis. 
D)  They consist of mesophyll cells. 
E)  They form connections between bundle sheaths and the epidermis.

Question 2

A plant with decussate phyllotaxy has:

Accepted Answer

A)  two leaves per node in the same rank. 
B)  two leaves per node in two opposite ranks. 
C)  one leaf per node, arranged in two opposite ranks. 
D)  one leaf per node, arranged spirally. 
E)  three or more leaves per node. 
A)  two leaves per node in the same rank. 
B)  two leaves per node in two opposite ranks. 
C)  one leaf per node, arranged in two opposite ranks. 
D)  one leaf per node, arranged spirally. 
E)  three or more leaves per node.

Question 3

In grass leaves, the midvein and other large longitudinal strands arise at the _____ of the primordium and develop _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  tip; downward 
B)  tip; both upward and downward 
C)  base; both upward and downward 
D)  base; upward 
E)  base; downward 
A)  tip; downward 
B)  tip; both upward and downward 
C)  base; both upward and downward 
D)  base; upward 
E)  base; downward

Question 4

MADS box genes are a class of sequences that includes homeotic genes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Pith rays are composed of parenchyma cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following statements about palisade parenchyma is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is lacking in the leaves of maize and other grasses. 
B)  It is usually located on the lower side of the leaf. 
C)  It consists of columnar cells. 
D)  It is where most of the photosynthesis in the leaf occurs. 
E)  It is part of the mesophyll. 
A)  It is lacking in the leaves of maize and other grasses. 
B)  It is usually located on the lower side of the leaf. 
C)  It consists of columnar cells. 
D)  It is where most of the photosynthesis in the leaf occurs. 
E)  It is part of the mesophyll.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the Ranunculus stem is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Its vascular bundles resemble those of monocots. 
B)  The procambium is lost at maturity. 
C)  Its vascular bundles are completely surrounded by sclerenchyma cells. 
D)  It has a vascular cambium. 
E)  It has closed vascular bundles. 
A)  Its vascular bundles resemble those of monocots. 
B)  The procambium is lost at maturity. 
C)  Its vascular bundles are completely surrounded by sclerenchyma cells. 
D)  It has a vascular cambium. 
E)  It has closed vascular bundles.

Question 8

Most tendrils are modified:

Accepted Answer

A)  roots. 
B)  stems. 
C)  leaves. 
D)  flowers. 
E)  buds. 
A)  roots. 
B)  stems. 
C)  leaves. 
D)  flowers. 
E)  buds.

Question 9

A sessile leaf, by definition, lacks a ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  blade. 
B)  stipule. 
C)  sheath. 
D)  lamina. 
E)  petiole. 
A)  blade. 
B)  stipule. 
C)  sheath. 
D)  lamina. 
E)  petiole.

Question 10

In leaves, intercalary growth occurs by:

Accepted Answer

A)  cell division alone throughout the petiole. 
B)  cell division and cell enlargement throughout the petiole. 
C)  cell enlargement alone throughout the blade. 
D)  cell division alone throughout the blade. 
E)  cell division and cell enlargement throughout the blade. 
A)  cell division alone throughout the petiole. 
B)  cell division and cell enlargement throughout the petiole. 
C)  cell enlargement alone throughout the blade. 
D)  cell division alone throughout the blade. 
E)  cell division and cell enlargement throughout the blade.

Question 11

In the Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem, the CLAVATA genes promote initial-cell function.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In monocot leaves, the midvein and other large veins develop at the tip of the primordium and develop downward.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A thorn is a modified branch.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A bud is found in the axil of a leaf, not a leaflet.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Leaf blades are produced through the activity of marginal blastozones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

A plant with helical phyllotaxy has:

Accepted Answer

A)  opposite leaves. 
B)  a decussate leaf arrangement. 
C)  one leaf per node, arranged in two opposite ranks. 
D)  one leaf per node, arranged spirally. 
E)  three or more leaves per node. 
A)  opposite leaves. 
B)  a decussate leaf arrangement. 
C)  one leaf per node, arranged in two opposite ranks. 
D)  one leaf per node, arranged spirally. 
E)  three or more leaves per node.

Question 17

Unlike the midrib, the leaf blade develops from:

Accepted Answer

A)  procambium. 
B)  the central region of the primordium. 
C)  founder cells. 
D)  marginal meristems.. 
E)  the L1 layer of the tunica-corpus. 
A)  procambium. 
B)  the central region of the primordium. 
C)  founder cells. 
D)  marginal meristems.. 
E)  the L1 layer of the tunica-corpus.

Question 18

The edible portion of an Irish potato is a:

Accepted Answer

A)  rhizome. 
B)  tuber. 
C)  corm. 
D)  modified root. 
E)  cladophyll. 
A)  rhizome. 
B)  tuber. 
C)  corm. 
D)  modified root. 
E)  cladophyll.

Question 19

In eudicot leaves, the minor veins are initiated at the base of the leaf and develop upward toward the tip.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Unlike the leaves of eudicots, most monocot leaves:

Accepted Answer

A)  undergo secondary growth. 
B)  have veins containing xylem and phloem. 
C)  have veins arranged in a branching pattern. 
D)  have netted venation. 
E)  have parallel venation. 
A)  undergo secondary growth. 
B)  have veins containing xylem and phloem. 
C)  have veins arranged in a branching pattern. 
D)  have netted venation. 
E)  have parallel venation.

Exam 25: The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Which of the following statements about bundle-sheath extensions is FALSE?

A plant with decussate phyllotaxy has:

In grass leaves, the midvein and other large longitudinal strands arise at the _____ of the primordium and develop _____.

MADS box genes are a class of sequences that includes homeotic genes.

Pith rays are composed of parenchyma cells.

Which of the following statements about palisade parenchyma is FALSE?

Which of the following statements about the Ranunculus stem is FALSE?

Most tendrils are modified:

A sessile leaf, by definition, lacks a ______.

In leaves, intercalary growth occurs by:

In the Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem, the CLAVATA genes promote initial-cell function.

In monocot leaves, the midvein and other large veins develop at the tip of the primordium and develop downward.

A thorn is a modified branch.

A bud is found in the axil of a leaf, not a leaflet.

Leaf blades are produced through the activity of marginal blastozones.

A plant with helical phyllotaxy has:

Unlike the midrib, the leaf blade develops from:

The edible portion of an Irish potato is a:

In eudicot leaves, the minor veins are initiated at the base of the leaf and develop upward toward the tip.

Unlike the leaves of eudicots, most monocot leaves:

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

The Flow of Energy

Respiration

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

The Process of Evolution

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Early Development of the Plant Body

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Root: Structure and Development

Secondary Growth in Stems

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

External Factors and Plant Growth

Plant Nutrition and Soils

The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Global Ecology

Filters

In grass leaves, the midvein and other large longitudinal strands arise at the _ of the primordium and develop _.