Question 1

In biological reactions, when a molecule is oxidized it ______ an electron and a(n) ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  loses; proton 
B)  gains; proton 
C)  loses; oxygen atom 
D)  gains; oxygen atom 
E)  loses; neutron 
A)  loses; proton 
B)  gains; proton 
C)  loses; oxygen atom 
D)  gains; oxygen atom 
E)  loses; neutron

Question 2

ΔG refers to the change in ______ of the system.

Accepted Answer

A)  the total heat content 
B)  free energy 
C)  entropy 
D)  enthalpy 
E)  the randomness 
A)  the total heat content 
B)  free energy 
C)  entropy 
D)  enthalpy 
E)  the randomness

Question 3

In an allosteric enzyme, the substrate binds to the effector site.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Picking up clothes from the floor and hanging them in a closet results in an increase in entropy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT an example of potential energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  A charged flashlight battery 
B)  A boulder at the top of a hill 
C)  A tank of gasoline 
D)  Water at the bottom of a waterfall 
E)  An apple on a branch
PAGE 66 Chapter 5 The Flow of Energy 
A)  A charged flashlight battery 
B)  A boulder at the top of a hill 
C)  A tank of gasoline 
D)  Water at the bottom of a waterfall 
E)  An apple on a branch
PAGE 66 Chapter 5 The Flow of Energy

Question 6

Which of the following statements about living cells is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They expend energy to maintain order. 
B)  They are at equilibrium with their surroundings. 
C)  They are open systems. 
D)  They transform energy. 
E)  As they transform energy, they dissipate heat. 
A)  They expend energy to maintain order. 
B)  They are at equilibrium with their surroundings. 
C)  They are open systems. 
D)  They transform energy. 
E)  As they transform energy, they dissipate heat.

Question 7

Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose 
B)  Oxygen 
C)  Carbon dioxide 
D)  Water 
E)  Carbon dioxide and water are reduced. 
A)  Glucose 
B)  Oxygen 
C)  Carbon dioxide 
D)  Water 
E)  Carbon dioxide and water are reduced.

Question 8

Entropy refers to the ______ of a system.

Accepted Answer

A)  heat content 
B)  free energy 
C)  potential energy 
D)  disorder or randomness 
E)  kinetic energy 
A)  heat content 
B)  free energy 
C)  potential energy 
D)  disorder or randomness 
E)  kinetic energy

Question 9

An ATP molecule contains at least one pyrophosphate bridge.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The vitamin niacin is part of the ______ molecule.

Accepted Answer

A)  ferredoxin 
B)  iron-sulfur 
C)  pyridoxal phosphate 
D)  pyrophosphate 
E)  NAD+ 
A)  ferredoxin 
B)  iron-sulfur 
C)  pyridoxal phosphate 
D)  pyrophosphate 
E)  NAD+

Question 11

Oxidation and reduction always take place simultaneously.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A negatively charged portion of a substrate molecule would most likely fit into a ______ region of its enzyme's active site.

Accepted Answer

A)  positively charged 
B)  negatively charged 
C)  hydrophilic 
D)  hydrophobic 
E)  polar 
A)  positively charged 
B)  negatively charged 
C)  hydrophilic 
D)  hydrophobic 
E)  polar

Question 13

As the temperature increases, the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction usually:

Accepted Answer

A)  increases constantly. 
B)  increases up to a point, then decreases. 
C)  decreases constantly. 
D)  decreases to a point, then increases. 
E)  increases, then decreases, then increases again. 
A)  increases constantly. 
B)  increases up to a point, then decreases. 
C)  decreases constantly. 
D)  decreases to a point, then increases. 
E)  increases, then decreases, then increases again.

Question 14

Enzymes function by raising the activation energy of specific reactions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Most enzymes that catalyze phosphorylation reactions require ______ as a cofactor.

Accepted Answer

A)  NAD+ 
B)  Mg2+ 
C)  Ca2+ 
D)  AMP 
E)  an iron-sulfur cluster 
A)  NAD+ 
B)  Mg2+ 
C)  Ca2+ 
D)  AMP 
E)  an iron-sulfur cluster

Question 16

During the oxidation of glucose in the cell, most of the energy is released:

Accepted Answer

A)  all at once. 
B)  in small amounts. 
C)  via mechanisms that require many kinds of molecules. 
D)  via mechanisms that result in high temperatures. 
E)  in a way that requires the input of 686 kilocalories of energy. 
A)  all at once. 
B)  in small amounts. 
C)  via mechanisms that require many kinds of molecules. 
D)  via mechanisms that result in high temperatures. 
E)  in a way that requires the input of 686 kilocalories of energy.

Question 17

ΔH refers to the:

Accepted Answer

A)  heat released in an exergonic reaction. 
B)  heat released in an endergonic reaction. 
C)  change in enthalpy. 
D)  change in entropy. 
E)  exact change in potential energy. 
A)  heat released in an exergonic reaction. 
B)  heat released in an endergonic reaction. 
C)  change in enthalpy. 
D)  change in entropy. 
E)  exact change in potential energy.

Question 18

pH affects the rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions by altering the charge on the enzyme and/or substrate(s).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a component of an ATP molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine 
B)  a pyrophosphate bridge 
C)  phosphate groups 
D)  a phosphoanhydride bond 
E)  ribose 
A)  adenine 
B)  a pyrophosphate bridge 
C)  phosphate groups 
D)  a phosphoanhydride bond 
E)  ribose

Question 20

The general name for a nonprotein component required by some enzymes is a:

Accepted Answer

A)  metal ion. 
B)  cofactor. 
C)  substrate. 
D)  prosthetic group. 
E)  coenzyme. 
A)  metal ion. 
B)  cofactor. 
C)  substrate. 
D)  prosthetic group. 
E)  coenzyme.

Exam 5: The Flow of Energy

In biological reactions, when a molecule is oxidized it ______ an electron and a(n) ______.

ΔG refers to the change in ______ of the system.

In an allosteric enzyme, the substrate binds to the effector site.

Picking up clothes from the floor and hanging them in a closet results in an increase in entropy.

Which of the following is NOT an example of potential energy?

Which of the following statements about living cells is FALSE?

Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

Entropy refers to the ______ of a system.

An ATP molecule contains at least one pyrophosphate bridge.

The vitamin niacin is part of the ______ molecule.

Oxidation and reduction always take place simultaneously.

A negatively charged portion of a substrate molecule would most likely fit into a ______ region of its enzyme's active site.

As the temperature increases, the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction usually:

Enzymes function by raising the activation energy of specific reactions.

Most enzymes that catalyze phosphorylation reactions require ______ as a cofactor.

During the oxidation of glucose in the cell, most of the energy is released:

ΔH refers to the:

pH affects the rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions by altering the charge on the enzyme and/or substrate(s).

Which of the following is NOT a component of an ATP molecule?

The general name for a nonprotein component required by some enzymes is a:

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

Respiration

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

The Process of Evolution

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Early Development of the Plant Body

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Root: Structure and Development

The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Secondary Growth in Stems

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

External Factors and Plant Growth

Plant Nutrition and Soils

The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Global Ecology

Filters

In biological reactions, when a molecule is oxidized it an electron and a(n) .