Question 1

What would be the greatest effect on the ideal gas law if there is a slight attractive force between the molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) At low temperatures, the pressure would be less than that predicted by the ideal gas law. 
B) At low temperatures, the pressure would be greater than that predicted by the ideal gas law. 
C) At high temperatures, the pressure would be greater than that predicted by the ideal gas law. 
D) At high temperatures, the pressure would be less than that predicted by the ideal gas law. 
E) There is no effect. 
A) At low temperatures, the pressure would be less than that predicted by the ideal gas law. 
B) At low temperatures, the pressure would be greater than that predicted by the ideal gas law. 
C) At high temperatures, the pressure would be greater than that predicted by the ideal gas law. 
D) At high temperatures, the pressure would be less than that predicted by the ideal gas law. 
E) There is no effect. A

Question 2

The point in the phase diagram where the vapor pressure curve ends is called the

Accepted Answer

A) critical point. 
B) triple point. 
C) melting point. 
D) boiling point. 
E) double point. 
A) critical point. 
B) triple point. 
C) melting point. 
D) boiling point. 
E) double point. A

Question 3

The rms speed of the molecules of a gas is 200 m/s at a temperature 300 K. What is the rms speed of the molecules at 500 K?

Accepted Answer

A) 155 m/s 
B) 333 m/s 
C) 258 m/s 
D) 556 m/s 
E) 800 m/s 
A) 155 m/s 
B) 333 m/s 
C) 258 m/s 
D) 556 m/s 
E) 800 m/s C

Question 4

What is the mean free path of molecules in an ideal gas in which the mean collision time is 3.00 × 10-10 s, the temperature is 300 K, and the mass of the molecules is 6.00 × 10-25 kg?

Accepted Answer

A) 7.22 × 10-8 m 
B) 4.32 × 10-8 m 
C) 9.19 × 10-8 m 
D) 1.39 × 10-8 m 
E) 6.71 × 10-8 m 
A) 7.22 × 10-8 m 
B) 4.32 × 10-8 m 
C) 9.19 × 10-8 m 
D) 1.39 × 10-8 m 
E) 6.71 × 10-8 m

Question 5

The point in the phase diagram where the fusion curve, the vapor pressure curve, and the sublimation curve join is called the

Accepted Answer

A) critical point. 
B) triple point. 
C) melting point. 
D) boiling point. 
E) double point. 
A) critical point. 
B) triple point. 
C) melting point. 
D) boiling point. 
E) double point.

Question 6

The rms speed of the molecules of a gas is 200 m/s at a temperature 300 K. What is the mass of the individual molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.13 × 10-25 kg 
B) 2.45 × 10-25 kg 
C) 5.66 × 10-25 kg 
D) 1.78 × 10-25 kg 
E) 3.11 × 10-25 kg 
A) 2.13 × 10-25 kg 
B) 2.45 × 10-25 kg 
C) 5.66 × 10-25 kg 
D) 1.78 × 10-25 kg 
E) 3.11 × 10-25 kg

Question 7

What would be the greatest effect of the finite size of molecules on the ideal gas law?

Accepted Answer

A) At low densities, the pressure would be less than that predicted by the ideal gas law. 
B) At high densities, the pressure would be less than that predicted by the ideal gas law. 
C) At high densities, the pressure would be greater than that predicted by the ideal gas law. 
D) At low densities, the pressure would be higher than that predicted by the ideal gas law. 
E) There is no effect. 
A) At low densities, the pressure would be less than that predicted by the ideal gas law. 
B) At high densities, the pressure would be less than that predicted by the ideal gas law. 
C) At high densities, the pressure would be greater than that predicted by the ideal gas law. 
D) At low densities, the pressure would be higher than that predicted by the ideal gas law. 
E) There is no effect.

Question 8

What is the Maxwell distribution?

Accepted Answer

The Maxwell distribu

Question 9

Quito, Ecuador, is at an altitude of 2,850 meters above sea level, while New York City is at sea level. If you are preparing a hard-boiled egg in Quito, it would have to be placed in boiling water

Accepted Answer

A) for the same amount of time as in New York. 
B) for a shorter time than in New York. 
C) for a longer time than in New York. 
D) There is not enough information to answer this question. 
A) for the same amount of time as in New York. 
B) for a shorter time than in New York. 
C) for a longer time than in New York. 
D) There is not enough information to answer this question.

Question 10

When comparing two gases at the same temperature, the molecules of the gas with the smaller molecular weight have the higher rms speed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

A cubic box with sides of 20 cm contains 2 × 1023 molecules of helium with a root-mean-square (rms) speed of 200 m/s. The mass of a helium molecule is 3.4 × 10-27 kg. What is the average pressure exerted by the molecules on the walls of the container?

Accepted Answer

A) 3.39 kPa 
B) 1.13 kPa 
C) 570 Pa 
D) 2.26 kPa 
E) 9.1 Pa 
A) 3.39 kPa 
B) 1.13 kPa 
C) 570 Pa 
D) 2.26 kPa 
E) 9.1 Pa

Question 12

A container is filled with a mixture of helium and oxygen gases. A thermometer in the container indicates that the temperature is 22°C. Which gas molecules have the greater average kinetic energy?

Accepted Answer

A) It is the same for both because the temperatures are the same. 
B) The oxygen molecules do because they are diatomic. 
C) The oxygen molecules do because they are more massive. 
D) The helium molecules do because they are less massive. 
E) The helium molecules do because they are monatomic. 
A) It is the same for both because the temperatures are the same. 
B) The oxygen molecules do because they are diatomic. 
C) The oxygen molecules do because they are more massive. 
D) The helium molecules do because they are less massive. 
E) The helium molecules do because they are monatomic.

Question 13

What is the mean free path for the molecules in an ideal gas when the pressure is 100 kPa and the temperature is 300 K given that the collision cross-section for the molecules of that gas is 2.0 × 10-20 m2? Boltzmann's constant is k = 1.38 × 10-23 J/K.

Accepted Answer

A) 1.1 × 10-6 m 
B) 2.1 × 10-6 m 
C) 1.7 × 10-6 m 
D) 5.3 × 10-6 m 
E) 1.5 × 10-6 m 
A) 1.1 × 10-6 m 
B) 2.1 × 10-6 m 
C) 1.7 × 10-6 m 
D) 5.3 × 10-6 m 
E) 1.5 × 10-6 m

Question 14

At what temperature is the rms speed of hydrogen molecules, which have a molecular weight of 2.02 g/mole, equal to 2000 m/s?

Accepted Answer

A) 17.0°C 
B) 34.0°C 
C) 51.0°C 
D) 68.0°C 
E) 72.0°C 
A) 17.0°C 
B) 34.0°C 
C) 51.0°C 
D) 68.0°C 
E) 72.0°C

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why sweating is important to humans in maintaining suitable body temperature?

Accepted Answer

A) Functioning of the sweat gland absorbs energy that otherwise would go into heating the body. 
B) The high specific heat of water on the skin absorbs heat from the body. 
C) Evaporation of moisture from the skin extracts heat from the body. 
D) Moisture on the skin increases thermal conductivity, thereby allowing heat to flow out of the body more effectively. 
E) None of the other choices is correct. 
A) Functioning of the sweat gland absorbs energy that otherwise would go into heating the body. 
B) The high specific heat of water on the skin absorbs heat from the body. 
C) Evaporation of moisture from the skin extracts heat from the body. 
D) Moisture on the skin increases thermal conductivity, thereby allowing heat to flow out of the body more effectively. 
E) None of the other choices is correct.

Question 16

For carbon dioxide, the van der Waals constants are: a = 0.364 J∙m3/mol2, and b = 4.27 × 10-5 m3/mol. Assuming that the van der Waals equation holds at the critical point (where the p-V curve first becomes horizontal and has a point of inflection), what is the critical temperature of carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

A) 513 K 
B) 592 K 
C) 304 K 
D) 1026 K 
E) 326 K 
A) 513 K 
B) 592 K 
C) 304 K 
D) 1026 K 
E) 326 K

Question 17

The average molecular kinetic energy of a gas can be determined by knowing only

Accepted Answer

A) the number of molecules in the gas. 
B) the volume of the gas. 
C) the pressure of the gas. 
D) the temperature of the gas. 
E) all of the above must be known. 
A) the number of molecules in the gas. 
B) the volume of the gas. 
C) the pressure of the gas. 
D) the temperature of the gas. 
E) all of the above must be known.

Question 18

What is the average kinetic energy of a nitrogen molecule in the air in a room in which the air temperature is 17.0°C?

Accepted Answer

A) 6.01 × 10-21 J 
B) 4.00 × 10-21 J 
C) 5.00 × 10-21 J 
D) 7.00 × 10-21 J 
E) 9.00 × 10-21 J 
A) 6.01 × 10-21 J 
B) 4.00 × 10-21 J 
C) 5.00 × 10-21 J 
D) 7.00 × 10-21 J 
E) 9.00 × 10-21 J

Question 19

A container is filled with a mixture of helium and oxygen gases. A thermometer in the container indicates that the temperature is 22°C. Which gas molecules have the greater average speed?

Accepted Answer

A) The helium molecules do because they are monatomic. 
B) It is the same for both because the temperatures are the same. 
C) The oxygen molecules do because they are diatomic. 
D) The oxygen molecules do because they are more massive. 
E) The helium molecules do because they are less massive. 
A) The helium molecules do because they are monatomic. 
B) It is the same for both because the temperatures are the same. 
C) The oxygen molecules do because they are diatomic. 
D) The oxygen molecules do because they are more massive. 
E) The helium molecules do because they are less massive.

Question 20

In a cloud formation, water vapor condenses into water droplets which get bigger and bigger until it rains. This will cause the temperature of the air in the clouds to

Accepted Answer

A) increase. 
B) decrease. 
C) stay constant. 
D) freeze. 
A) increase. 
B) decrease. 
C) stay constant. 
D) freeze.

Exam 18: Kinetic Theory of Gases

What would be the greatest effect on the ideal gas law if there is a slight attractive force between the molecules?

The point in the phase diagram where the vapor pressure curve ends is called the

The rms speed of the molecules of a gas is 200 m/s at a temperature 300 K. What is the rms speed of the molecules at 500 K?

What is the mean free path of molecules in an ideal gas in which the mean collision time is 3.00 × 10-10 s, the temperature is 300 K, and the mass of the molecules is 6.00 × 10-25 kg?

The point in the phase diagram where the fusion curve, the vapor pressure curve, and the sublimation curve join is called the

The rms speed of the molecules of a gas is 200 m/s at a temperature 300 K. What is the mass of the individual molecules?

What would be the greatest effect of the finite size of molecules on the ideal gas law?

What is the Maxwell distribution?

Quito, Ecuador, is at an altitude of 2,850 meters above sea level, while New York City is at sea level. If you are preparing a hard-boiled egg in Quito, it would have to be placed in boiling water

When comparing two gases at the same temperature, the molecules of the gas with the smaller molecular weight have the higher rms speed.

A cubic box with sides of 20 cm contains 2 × 1023 molecules of helium with a root-mean-square (rms) speed of 200 m/s. The mass of a helium molecule is 3.4 × 10-27 kg. What is the average pressure exerted by the molecules on the walls of the container?

A container is filled with a mixture of helium and oxygen gases. A thermometer in the container indicates that the temperature is 22°C. Which gas molecules have the greater average kinetic energy?

What is the mean free path for the molecules in an ideal gas when the pressure is 100 kPa and the temperature is 300 K given that the collision cross-section for the molecules of that gas is 2.0 × 10-20 m2? Boltzmann's constant is k = 1.38 × 10-23 J/K.

At what temperature is the rms speed of hydrogen molecules, which have a molecular weight of 2.02 g/mole, equal to 2000 m/s?

Which of the following best explains why sweating is important to humans in maintaining suitable body temperature?

The average molecular kinetic energy of a gas can be determined by knowing only

What is the average kinetic energy of a nitrogen molecule in the air in a room in which the air temperature is 17.0°C?

A container is filled with a mixture of helium and oxygen gases. A thermometer in the container indicates that the temperature is 22°C. Which gas molecules have the greater average speed?

In a cloud formation, water vapor condenses into water droplets which get bigger and bigger until it rains. This will cause the temperature of the air in the clouds to

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What is the mean free path of molecules in an ideal gas in which the mean collision time is 3.00 × 10^-¹⁰ s, the temperature is 300 K, and the mass of the molecules is 6.00 × 10^-²⁵ kg?

A cubic box with sides of 20 cm contains 2 × 10²³ molecules of helium with a root-mean-square (rms) speed of 200 m/s. The mass of a helium molecule is 3.4 × 10^-27 kg. What is the average pressure exerted by the molecules on the walls of the container?

What is the mean free path for the molecules in an ideal gas when the pressure is 100 kPa and the temperature is 300 K given that the collision cross-section for the molecules of that gas is 2.0 × 10^-20 m²? Boltzmann's constant is k = 1.38 × 10^-23 J/K.