Question 1

Acellular vaccines and subunit vaccines _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  contain modiﬁed bacterial exotoxin molecules 
B)  contain select antigenic components of a pathogen rather than whole cells or viruses 
C)  utilize DNA strands that will produce the antigen 
D)  confer passive immunity 
E)  are always genetically engineered 
A)  contain modiﬁed bacterial exotoxin molecules 
B)  contain select antigenic components of a pathogen rather than whole cells or viruses 
C)  utilize DNA strands that will produce the antigen 
D)  confer passive immunity 
E)  are always genetically engineered

Question 2

Which is incorrect about the Fc region of an immunoglobulin?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is called the crystallizable fragment. 
B)  It contains an effector molecule that can ﬁx complement. 
C)  It forms the antigen binding sites. 
D)  It contains an effector molecule that can bind to cells such as macrophages and mast cells. 
E)  It determines the class to which the immunoglobulin belongs. 
A)  It is called the crystallizable fragment. 
B)  It contains an effector molecule that can ﬁx complement. 
C)  It forms the antigen binding sites. 
D)  It contains an effector molecule that can bind to cells such as macrophages and mast cells. 
E)  It determines the class to which the immunoglobulin belongs.

Question 3

The immunoglobulin class that has an Fc region that binds to receptors on basophils and mast cells is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  IgG 
B)  IgM 
C)  IgA 
D)  IgD 
E)  IgE 
A)  IgG 
B)  IgM 
C)  IgA 
D)  IgD 
E)  IgE

Question 4

One plasma cell will secrete antibodies of various classes, but the antibodies will all have the same speci?city.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Helper T cells _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  secrete antibodies 
B)  suppress immune reactions 
C)  function in allergic reactions 
D)  directly destroy target cells 
E)  activate B cells and other T cells 
A)  secrete antibodies 
B)  suppress immune reactions 
C)  function in allergic reactions 
D)  directly destroy target cells 
E)  activate B cells and other T cells

Question 6

The immunoglobulin/s found on the surface of B cells is/are _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  IgM only 
B)  IgG only 
C)  IgD only 
D)  IgM and IgD 
E)  IgD and IgE 
A)  IgM only 
B)  IgG only 
C)  IgD only 
D)  IgM and IgD 
E)  IgD and IgE

Question 7

An example of artiﬁcial passive immunity would be _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  chickenpox infection, followed by lifelong immunity 
B)  chickenpox vaccine triggering extended immunity to chickenpox 
C)  giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease 
D)  a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placenta 
A)  chickenpox infection, followed by lifelong immunity 
B)  chickenpox vaccine triggering extended immunity to chickenpox 
C)  giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease 
D)  a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placenta

Question 8

What type of cells secrete antibodies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plasma cells 
B)  Antigen-presenting cells 
C)  Helper T cells 
D)  Memory B cells 
E)  Cytotoxic T cells 
A)  Plasma cells 
B)  Antigen-presenting cells 
C)  Helper T cells 
D)  Memory B cells 
E)  Cytotoxic T cells

Question 9

Killed or inactivated vaccines are prepared by _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  passage of the pathogen through unnatural hosts or tissue culture 
B)  removal of virulence genes from the microbe 
C)  treatment with formalin, heat, or radiation 
D)  long-term subculturing of the microbe 
A)  passage of the pathogen through unnatural hosts or tissue culture 
B)  removal of virulence genes from the microbe 
C)  treatment with formalin, heat, or radiation 
D)  long-term subculturing of the microbe

Question 10

B and T lymphocytes are speciﬁc; they have only a single type of cell marker on their surface.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Lymphocytes _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  possess MHC antigens for recognizing self 
B)  have membrane receptors that recognize foreign antigens 
C)  gain tolerance to self by destruction of lymphocytes that could react against self 
D)  develop into clones of B and T cells with extreme variations of speciﬁcity 
E)  All of these choices are correct. 
A)  possess MHC antigens for recognizing self 
B)  have membrane receptors that recognize foreign antigens 
C)  gain tolerance to self by destruction of lymphocytes that could react against self 
D)  develop into clones of B and T cells with extreme variations of speciﬁcity 
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 12

An example of natural passive immunity would be _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placenta 
B)  giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease 
C)  chickenpox vaccine triggering extended immunity to chickenpox 
D)  chickenpox infection, followed by lifelong immunity 
A)  a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placenta 
B)  giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease 
C)  chickenpox vaccine triggering extended immunity to chickenpox 
D)  chickenpox infection, followed by lifelong immunity

Question 13

T cell response to T-dependent antigens requires _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  typically a protein antigen 
B)  binding of the T cell to a class II MHC receptor on a macrophage 
C)  binding of the T cell to a site on the antigen 
D)  interleukin-1 activating the T helper cell 
E)  All of these choices are correct. 
A)  typically a protein antigen 
B)  binding of the T cell to a class II MHC receptor on a macrophage 
C)  binding of the T cell to a site on the antigen 
D)  interleukin-1 activating the T helper cell 
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 14

Gamma globulin can be given as immunotherapy to confer artiﬁcial passive immunity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following is not a target for TC cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pig transplanted heart 
B)  Bacteria 
C)  Cancer cells 
D)  Human transplanted liver 
E)  Virus-infected cells 
A)  Pig transplanted heart 
B)  Bacteria 
C)  Cancer cells 
D)  Human transplanted liver 
E)  Virus-infected cells

Question 16

Which of the following is a special binding substance that enhances immunogenicity and prolongs antigen retention at the injection site?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adjuvant 
B)  Gamma globulin 
C)  Booster 
D)  "Trojan horse" recombinant vaccine 
E)  Antibodies to toxin 
A)  Adjuvant 
B)  Gamma globulin 
C)  Booster 
D)  "Trojan horse" recombinant vaccine 
E)  Antibodies to toxin

Question 17

The immunoglobulin class that is the only one capable of crossing the placenta is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  IgE 
B)  IgG 
C)  IgM 
D)  IgD 
E)  IgA 
A)  IgE 
B)  IgG 
C)  IgM 
D)  IgD 
E)  IgA

Question 18

Superantigens are _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  body tissues that the immune system mistakes as foreign 
B)  cell markers found in some member of a species but not in other members 
C)  bacterial toxins that activate T cells at a 100 times greater rate than other antigens 
D)  antigens that evoke allergic reactions 
A)  body tissues that the immune system mistakes as foreign 
B)  cell markers found in some member of a species but not in other members 
C)  bacterial toxins that activate T cells at a 100 times greater rate than other antigens 
D)  antigens that evoke allergic reactions

Question 19

Cytotoxic T cells _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  secrete interleukin-2 to stimulate B and T cells 
B)  are activated by free, soluble antigens 
C)  lack speciﬁcity for antigen 
D)  secrete granzymes and perforins that damage target cells 
A)  secrete interleukin-2 to stimulate B and T cells 
B)  are activated by free, soluble antigens 
C)  lack speciﬁcity for antigen 
D)  secrete granzymes and perforins that damage target cells

Question 20

Acquired speciﬁc immunity involves the response of _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  skin barriers 
B)  B and T lymphocytes 
C)  lysozyme 
D)  interferon 
E)  mucus membranes 
A)  skin barriers 
B)  B and T lymphocytes 
C)  lysozyme 
D)  interferon 
E)  mucus membranes

Exam 15: Host Defenses Ii: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Acellular vaccines and subunit vaccines _______.

Which is incorrect about the Fc region of an immunoglobulin?

The immunoglobulin class that has an Fc region that binds to receptors on basophils and mast cells is ______.

One plasma cell will secrete antibodies of various classes, but the antibodies will all have the same speci?city.

Helper T cells _______.

The immunoglobulin/s found on the surface of B cells is/are _______.

An example of artiﬁcial passive immunity would be _______.

What type of cells secrete antibodies?

Killed or inactivated vaccines are prepared by _______.

B and T lymphocytes are speciﬁc; they have only a single type of cell marker on their surface.

Lymphocytes _______.

An example of natural passive immunity would be _______.

T cell response to T-dependent antigens requires _______.

Gamma globulin can be given as immunotherapy to confer artiﬁcial passive immunity.

Which of the following is not a target for TC cells?

Which of the following is a special binding substance that enhances immunogenicity and prolongs antigen retention at the injection site?

The immunoglobulin class that is the only one capable of crossing the placenta is ______.

Superantigens are _______.

Cytotoxic T cells _______.

Acquired speciﬁc immunity involves the response of _______.

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

Viruses and Prions

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Analysis and Genetic Engineering

Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

Antimicrobial Treatment

Microbe-Human Interactions: Health and Disease

Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Disorders in Immunity

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

Microbes and the Environment

Applied Microbiology and Food and Water Safety

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