Question 1

What was Thomas Kuhn's main contribution to our understanding of theory development in science?

Accepted Answer

A) He proposed that scientific theory develops backwards. 
B) He proposed that scientific theory develops through phases of 'normal science' followed by 'scientific revolution'. 
C) He proposed that science develops through a chaotic process. 
D) He proposed that the process through which scientific theory develops is largely random. 
E) None of the above. 
A) He proposed that scientific theory develops backwards. 
B) He proposed that scientific theory develops through phases of 'normal science' followed by 'scientific revolution'. 
C) He proposed that science develops through a chaotic process. 
D) He proposed that the process through which scientific theory develops is largely random. 
E) None of the above. B

Question 2

Brenda Milner's neuropsychological studies of HM - a man who had had brain surgery for epilepsy that left him with almost no ability to create long-term memories - are an example of what type of research method?

Accepted Answer

A) Experimental 
B) Survey 
C) Archical 
D) Case study 
E) None of the above 
A) Experimental 
B) Survey 
C) Archical 
D) Case study 
E) None of the above D

Question 3

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A) A key goal of science is to identify as many facts as possible. 
B) A key goal of science is to develop as many theories as possible. 
C) A key goal of science is to develop as many theories as possible on the basis of the smallest number of facts. 
D) Both (a)and (b). 
E) All of the above. 
A) A key goal of science is to identify as many facts as possible. 
B) A key goal of science is to develop as many theories as possible. 
C) A key goal of science is to develop as many theories as possible on the basis of the smallest number of facts. 
D) Both (a)and (b). 
E) All of the above. E

Question 4

Which of the following is not an accepted feature of good research?

Accepted Answer

A) It should be cumulative. 
B) It should be contribute to the development of theory 
C) It should be valid. 
D) It should be reliable. 
E) None of the above (all are accepted features of good research). 
A) It should be cumulative. 
B) It should be contribute to the development of theory 
C) It should be valid. 
D) It should be reliable. 
E) None of the above (all are accepted features of good research).

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) A psychological theory can be falsified by a single finding. 
B) A psychological theory can only be falsified by a large number of findings. 
C) Psychological theories can never be falsified. 
D) Psychologists should not be interested in falsifying theory, as this is dishonest. 
E) None of the above. 
A) A psychological theory can be falsified by a single finding. 
B) A psychological theory can only be falsified by a large number of findings. 
C) Psychological theories can never be falsified. 
D) Psychologists should not be interested in falsifying theory, as this is dishonest. 
E) None of the above.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Case studies have no place in psychological research. 
B) Case studies are only of use when larger samples of participants cannot be obtained. 
C) There are almost no examples of influential case studies in psychology. 
D) Case studies are only used in clinical psychology. 
E) None of the above. 
A) Case studies have no place in psychological research. 
B) Case studies are only of use when larger samples of participants cannot be obtained. 
C) There are almost no examples of influential case studies in psychology. 
D) Case studies are only used in clinical psychology. 
E) None of the above.

Question 7

If an experimental finding is reliable, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Other researchers should able to replicate it. 
B) It supports a researcher's experimental predictions 
C) It supports a researcher's theory 
D) It occurred for the reason hypothesised by the researcher 
E) It will make a significant contribution to scientific knowledge 
A) Other researchers should able to replicate it. 
B) It supports a researcher's experimental predictions 
C) It supports a researcher's theory 
D) It occurred for the reason hypothesised by the researcher 
E) It will make a significant contribution to scientific knowledge

Question 8

If an experimental finding is invalid:

Accepted Answer

A) It should be reliable. 
B) It did not occur for the reason hypothesised by the researcher. 
C) It does not support a researcher's experimental predictions. 
D) It contradicts a researcher's theory. 
E) The experiment must have been badly conducted. 
A) It should be reliable. 
B) It did not occur for the reason hypothesised by the researcher. 
C) It does not support a researcher's experimental predictions. 
D) It contradicts a researcher's theory. 
E) The experiment must have been badly conducted.

Question 9

"Both (a)the process of attempting to reproduce a previously obtained finding and (b)a research finding which reproduces another that has been obtained previously." What does this glossary entry define?

Accepted Answer

A) Replication 
B) Validation 
C) Extension 
D) Reproduction 
E) Experimental validation 
A) Replication 
B) Validation 
C) Extension 
D) Reproduction 
E) Experimental validation

Question 10

Which of the following is associated with use of the scientific method in psychological research?

Accepted Answer

A) Systematic observation. 
B) Controlled experimentation. 
C) Concern with the reliability of findings. 
D) Both (b)and (c). 
E) All of the above. 
A) Systematic observation. 
B) Controlled experimentation. 
C) Concern with the reliability of findings. 
D) Both (b)and (c). 
E) All of the above.

Question 11

"A procedure for acquiring and testing knowledge through systematic observation or experimentation (e.g., through use of empirical methods)." What method is this a glossary definition of?

Accepted Answer

A) The scientific method 
B) The experimental method 
C) The survey method 
D) The observational method 
E) The interactionist method 
A) The scientific method 
B) The experimental method 
C) The survey method 
D) The observational method 
E) The interactionist method

Question 12

"The goal of accounting for the maximum number of empirical findings in terms of the smallest number of theoretical principles".What research principle is this a glossary definition of?

Accepted Answer

A) Minimalism. 
B) Maximalism. 
C) Hypothetico-minimalism. 
D) Parsimony. 
E) None of the above. 
A) Minimalism. 
B) Maximalism. 
C) Hypothetico-minimalism. 
D) Parsimony. 
E) None of the above.

Question 13

"The extent to which a given finding shows what it is believed to show.A valid finding is one that has been logically and correctly interpreted." What construct is this a glossary definition of?

Accepted Answer

A) Validity 
B) Believeabilty. 
C) Causal inference. 
D) Deduction. 
E) Reliability. 
A) Validity 
B) Believeabilty. 
C) Causal inference. 
D) Deduction. 
E) Reliability.

Question 14

Which of the following does not contribute to the development of knowledge and theory in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A) Evidence that supports a hypothesis. 
B) Evidence that contradicts a hypothesis. 
C) Evidence that tests a hypothesis. 
D) Falsified evidence. 
E) Both (b)and (d). 
A) Evidence that supports a hypothesis. 
B) Evidence that contradicts a hypothesis. 
C) Evidence that tests a hypothesis. 
D) Falsified evidence. 
E) Both (b)and (d).

Question 15

According to Popper, what is the key way in which psychological theory progresses?

Accepted Answer

A) The falsification of incorrect theories. 
B) The replacement of falsified theories with superior ones. 
C) Scientific revolution which leads to the rejection of old ways of thinking. 
D) Both (a)and (b). 
E) All of the above. 
A) The falsification of incorrect theories. 
B) The replacement of falsified theories with superior ones. 
C) Scientific revolution which leads to the rejection of old ways of thinking. 
D) Both (a)and (b). 
E) All of the above.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The person credited with performing the first experiment in psychology is Wilhelm Wundt at the University of Leipzig 
B) The person credited with performing the first experiment in psychology is Sigmund Freud at his clinic in Vienna 
C) The person credited with performing the first experiment in psychology is Stanley Milgram at Yale University. 
D) The person credited with performing the first experiment in psychology is Thomas Kuhn at University of California, Berkeley. 
E) None of the above. 
A) The person credited with performing the first experiment in psychology is Wilhelm Wundt at the University of Leipzig 
B) The person credited with performing the first experiment in psychology is Sigmund Freud at his clinic in Vienna 
C) The person credited with performing the first experiment in psychology is Stanley Milgram at Yale University. 
D) The person credited with performing the first experiment in psychology is Thomas Kuhn at University of California, Berkeley. 
E) None of the above.

Question 17

Which of the following is a not physiological measure?

Accepted Answer

A) A measure of blood flow through a person's brain. 
B) A person's heart rate. 
C) A person's response to questions on a survey. 
D) A measure of skin conductance. 
E) Both (c)and (d). 
A) A measure of blood flow through a person's brain. 
B) A person's heart rate. 
C) A person's response to questions on a survey. 
D) A measure of skin conductance. 
E) Both (c)and (d).

Question 18

Which of the following would be of interest to a behaviourist?

Accepted Answer

A) A person's mental state. 
B) A person's mental processes. 
C) A person's reaction time. 
D) (a)and (b)only. 
E) All of the above. 
A) A person's mental state. 
B) A person's mental processes. 
C) A person's reaction time. 
D) (a)and (b)only. 
E) All of the above.

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The best research is rarely made public. 
B) Only good research is made public. 
C) The public has no role to play in the evaluation of research. 
D) Most psychological research is irrelevant to the public. 
E) None of the above. 
A) The best research is rarely made public. 
B) Only good research is made public. 
C) The public has no role to play in the evaluation of research. 
D) Most psychological research is irrelevant to the public. 
E) None of the above.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Experiments are the most scientific form of psychological research 
B) Surveys are the most scientific form of psychological research. 
C) Case studies are the most scientific form of psychological research. 
D) Quasi experiments are the most scientific form of psychological research. 
E) None of the above (no method of conducting psychological research is superior to all others). 
A) Experiments are the most scientific form of psychological research 
B) Surveys are the most scientific form of psychological research. 
C) Case studies are the most scientific form of psychological research. 
D) Quasi experiments are the most scientific form of psychological research. 
E) None of the above (no method of conducting psychological research is superior to all others).

What was Thomas Kuhn's main contribution to our understanding of theory development in science?

Brenda Milner's neuropsychological studies of HM - a man who had had brain surgery for epilepsy that left him with almost no ability to create long-term memories - are an example of what type of research method?

Which of the following statements is false?

Which of the following is not an accepted feature of good research?

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following statements is true?

If an experimental finding is reliable, which of the following statements is true?

If an experimental finding is invalid:

"Both (a)the process of attempting to reproduce a previously obtained finding and (b)a research finding which reproduces another that has been obtained previously." What does this glossary entry define?

Which of the following is associated with use of the scientific method in psychological research?

"A procedure for acquiring and testing knowledge through systematic observation or experimentation (e.g., through use of empirical methods)." What method is this a glossary definition of?

"The goal of accounting for the maximum number of empirical findings in terms of the smallest number of theoretical principles".What research principle is this a glossary definition of?

"The extent to which a given finding shows what it is believed to show.A valid finding is one that has been logically and correctly interpreted." What construct is this a glossary definition of?

Which of the following does not contribute to the development of knowledge and theory in psychology?

According to Popper, what is the key way in which psychological theory progresses?

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following is a not physiological measure?

Which of the following would be of interest to a behaviourist?

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following statements is true?

Research Methods

Experimental Design

Survey Design

Descriptive Statistics

Some Principles of Statistical Inference

Examining Differences Between Means: The T-Test

Filters

Exam 1: Research in Psychology: Objectives and Ideals

What was Thomas Kuhn's main contribution to our understanding of theory development in science?

Brenda Milner's neuropsychological studies of HM - a man who had had brain surgery for epilepsy that left him with almost no ability to create long-term memories - are an example of what type of research method?

Which of the following statements is false?

Which of the following is not an accepted feature of good research?

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following statements is true?

If an experimental finding is reliable, which of the following statements is true?

If an experimental finding is invalid:

"Both (a)the process of attempting to reproduce a previously obtained finding and (b)a research finding which reproduces another that has been obtained previously." What does this glossary entry define?

Which of the following is associated with use of the scientific method in psychological research?

"A procedure for acquiring and testing knowledge through systematic observation or experimentation (e.g., through use of empirical methods)." What method is this a glossary definition of?

"The goal of accounting for the maximum number of empirical findings in terms of the smallest number of theoretical principles".What research principle is this a glossary definition of?

"The extent to which a given finding shows what it is believed to show.A valid finding is one that has been logically and correctly interpreted." What construct is this a glossary definition of?

Which of the following does not contribute to the development of knowledge and theory in psychology?

According to Popper, what is the key way in which psychological theory progresses?

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following is a not physiological measure?

Which of the following would be of interest to a behaviourist?

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following statements is true?

Research Methods

Experimental Design

Survey Design

Descriptive Statistics

Some Principles of Statistical Inference

Examining Differences Between Means: The T-Test

Filters