Question 1

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Experiments are always conducted in laboratories. 
B) Good experiments are always conducted in laboratories. 
C) Good experiments are rarely conducted in laboratories. 
D) True experiments always involve manipulation of an independent variable. 
E) None of the above. 
A) Experiments are always conducted in laboratories. 
B) Good experiments are always conducted in laboratories. 
C) Good experiments are rarely conducted in laboratories. 
D) True experiments always involve manipulation of an independent variable. 
E) None of the above. D

Question 2

Which of the following is a common weakness of experimental research?

Accepted Answer

A) The inability to draw cause-effect conclusions. 
B) The difficulty of obtaining representative samples. 
C) The inapplicability of statistical principles to the research findings. 
D) The lack of appropriate dependent variables. 
E) The presence of threats to internal validity posed by confounds. 
A) The inability to draw cause-effect conclusions. 
B) The difficulty of obtaining representative samples. 
C) The inapplicability of statistical principles to the research findings. 
D) The lack of appropriate dependent variables. 
E) The presence of threats to internal validity posed by confounds. E

Question 3

If a researcher is blind to an experimental hypothesis when they conduct some experimental research this mainly controls for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Mortality effects. 
B) Regression to the mean. 
C) Practice effects. 
D) Demand characteristics. 
E) Experimenter bias. 
A) Mortality effects. 
B) Regression to the mean. 
C) Practice effects. 
D) Demand characteristics. 
E) Experimenter bias. E

Question 4

"A measure of the nature and strength of the relationship between two variables." What is this a glossary definition of?

Accepted Answer

A) Relationality 
B) Inductive association. 
C) Associative strength. 
D) Correlation. 
E) Inferential significance. 
A) Relationality 
B) Inductive association. 
C) Associative strength. 
D) Correlation. 
E) Inferential significance.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Different methods can be used to assess the same psychological state or process within the same study. 
B) It is impossible to assess the same psychological state or process within the same study using different methods. 
C) It is undesirable to assess the same psychological state or process within the same study using different methods. 
D) It is unscientific to assess the same psychological state or process within the same study using different methods. 
E) None of the above. 
A) Different methods can be used to assess the same psychological state or process within the same study. 
B) It is impossible to assess the same psychological state or process within the same study using different methods. 
C) It is undesirable to assess the same psychological state or process within the same study using different methods. 
D) It is unscientific to assess the same psychological state or process within the same study using different methods. 
E) None of the above.

Question 6

The challenges associated with generalizing particular research findings relate to issues of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Internal validity. 
B) External validity. 
C) Extraneous validity. 
D) Generalized validity. 
E) Homeostatic validity. 
A) Internal validity. 
B) External validity. 
C) Extraneous validity. 
D) Generalized validity. 
E) Homeostatic validity.

Question 7

Which of the following is a particular advantage of the experimental method?

Accepted Answer

A) It allows researchers to examine a number of different variables at the same time. 
B) It allows researchers to examine the relationship between variables in natural settings. 
C) It allows researchers to make predictions based on observed relationships between variables. 
D) It allows researchers to manipulate independent variables and establish their causal impact on dependent variables. 
E) It is often more convenient than experimental methods. 
A) It allows researchers to examine a number of different variables at the same time. 
B) It allows researchers to examine the relationship between variables in natural settings. 
C) It allows researchers to make predictions based on observed relationships between variables. 
D) It allows researchers to manipulate independent variables and establish their causal impact on dependent variables. 
E) It is often more convenient than experimental methods.

Question 8

Complete this sentence: To examine psychological characteristics researchers usually administer particular ........

Accepted Answer

A) psychological therapies. 
B) psychological states. 
C) psychological tests. 
D) psychological resources. 
E) psychological interventions. 
A) psychological therapies. 
B) psychological states. 
C) psychological tests. 
D) psychological resources. 
E) psychological interventions.

Question 9

"A piece of research in which one or more independent variables are systematically manipulated and all others are controlled.This assesses the impact of manipulated (independent)variables on relevant outcome (dependent)variables." What type of study is this a glossary definition of?

Accepted Answer

A) An experiment. 
B) A survey. 
C) A manipulation. 
D) A quasi-experiment. 
E) A validated survey. 
A) An experiment. 
B) A survey. 
C) A manipulation. 
D) A quasi-experiment. 
E) A validated survey.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A) The appropriateness of any research method is always determined by the research question and the research environment. 
B) Experiments always involve manipulations of independent variables. 
C) Experiments do not need to be conducted in laboratories. 
D) Quasi-experiments are never conducted in laboratories. 
E) None of the above (all are true). 
A) The appropriateness of any research method is always determined by the research question and the research environment. 
B) Experiments always involve manipulations of independent variables. 
C) Experiments do not need to be conducted in laboratories. 
D) Quasi-experiments are never conducted in laboratories. 
E) None of the above (all are true).

Question 11

A researcher conducts an experiment in which she wants to look at the effects of class size on learning.To do this she randomly allocates people to two conditions: in Condition 1 people learn information in a small classroom with 4 other people, in Condition 2 people learn information in a large classroom with another 29 people.Which of the following is a potential confound, threatening the internal validity of the study?

Accepted Answer

A) The reliability of the test used to assess learning. 
B) The size of the classroom in which the people learn. 
C) The susceptibility of participants' in Condition 1 agoraphobia. 
D) The susceptibility of participants' in Condition 2 agoraphobia. 
E) The age of people in the two conditions. 
A) The reliability of the test used to assess learning. 
B) The size of the classroom in which the people learn. 
C) The susceptibility of participants' in Condition 1 agoraphobia. 
D) The susceptibility of participants' in Condition 2 agoraphobia. 
E) The age of people in the two conditions.

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The fact that a psychological process cannot be seen means that hypotheses about its nature cannot be put forward and tested. 
B) The fact that a psychological state cannot be seen means that hypotheses about its nature cannot be put forward and tested. 
C) The fact that a psychological process cannot be seen generally means that hypotheses about its nature cannot be put forward and tested. 
D) The fact that a psychological state cannot be seen does not mean that hypotheses about its nature cannot be put forward and tested. 
E) Both (c)and (d). 
A) The fact that a psychological process cannot be seen means that hypotheses about its nature cannot be put forward and tested. 
B) The fact that a psychological state cannot be seen means that hypotheses about its nature cannot be put forward and tested. 
C) The fact that a psychological process cannot be seen generally means that hypotheses about its nature cannot be put forward and tested. 
D) The fact that a psychological state cannot be seen does not mean that hypotheses about its nature cannot be put forward and tested. 
E) Both (c)and (d).

Question 13

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Psychological measurement can involve the measurement of participants' behaviour. 
B) Psychological measurement can involve participants' self-reports of their feelings. 
C) Psychological measurement can involve collection of physiological data (e.g., skin conductance). 
D) Psychological measurement cannot involve direct examination of psychological states and processes. 
E) None of the above (all are true). 
A) Psychological measurement can involve the measurement of participants' behaviour. 
B) Psychological measurement can involve participants' self-reports of their feelings. 
C) Psychological measurement can involve collection of physiological data (e.g., skin conductance). 
D) Psychological measurement cannot involve direct examination of psychological states and processes. 
E) None of the above (all are true).

Question 14

A researcher conducts an experiment in Germany that tests the hypothesis that 'alcohol consumption leads to impaired memory'.Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Alcohol consumption is the dependent variable, memory is the independent variable. 
B) Alcohol consumption is the independent variable, memory is the dependent variable. 
C) Alcohol consumption is the dependent variable, Germans are the independent variable. 
D) Alcohol consumption is the independent variable, Germans are the dependent variable. 
E) Germans are the dependent variable, exam performance is the independent variable. 
A) Alcohol consumption is the dependent variable, memory is the independent variable. 
B) Alcohol consumption is the independent variable, memory is the dependent variable. 
C) Alcohol consumption is the dependent variable, Germans are the independent variable. 
D) Alcohol consumption is the independent variable, Germans are the dependent variable. 
E) Germans are the dependent variable, exam performance is the independent variable.

Question 15

Which of the following is not identified as a problem associated with observational methodology?

Accepted Answer

A) The lack of experimental control. 
B) The limited reliability of findings. 
C) The possibility of observer bias. 
D) The subjectivity of dependent measures. 
E) The subjectivity of independent variables. 
A) The lack of experimental control. 
B) The limited reliability of findings. 
C) The possibility of observer bias. 
D) The subjectivity of dependent measures. 
E) The subjectivity of independent variables.

Question 16

"A procedure (also known as the correlational method)involving the collection of information about different variables in order to measure those variables and the relationship between them".What research method is this a glossary definition of?

Accepted Answer

A) The scientific method 
B) The experimental method 
C) The survey method 
D) The observational method 
E) The interactionist method 
A) The scientific method 
B) The experimental method 
C) The survey method 
D) The observational method 
E) The interactionist method

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true.

Accepted Answer

A) Psychological measurement normally involves measuring more than one person. 
B) Psychological measurement normally involves measuring the same person more than once. 
C) Psychological measurement always involves measuring more than one person. 
D) Psychological measurement always involves or measuring the same person more than once. 
E) Both (a)and (b). 
A) Psychological measurement normally involves measuring more than one person. 
B) Psychological measurement normally involves measuring the same person more than once. 
C) Psychological measurement always involves measuring more than one person. 
D) Psychological measurement always involves or measuring the same person more than once. 
E) Both (a)and (b).

Question 18

"An aspect of a person, animal subject, or a situation that can change." What construct is this a glossary definition of?

Accepted Answer

A) A factor. 
B) A characteristic. 
C) A trait. 
D) An indeterminate quality. 
E) A variable. 
A) A factor. 
B) A characteristic. 
C) A trait. 
D) An indeterminate quality. 
E) A variable.

Question 19

"A piece of research that is conducted in a natural (non-artificial)setting." What type of study is this a glossary definition of?

Accepted Answer

A) Real-world study. 
B) Field study. 
C) Reality experiment. 
D) Laboratory study. 
E) Experiental study. 
A) Real-world study. 
B) Field study. 
C) Reality experiment. 
D) Laboratory study. 
E) Experiental study.

Question 20

What distinguishes the survey method from the quasi-experimental method?

Accepted Answer

A) The scientific status of the research. 
B) The use of dependent variables in the survey method. 
C) The sensitivity of the dependent variable. 
D) The random assignment of participants to conditions in the quasi-experimental method. 
E) None of the above. 
A) The scientific status of the research. 
B) The use of dependent variables in the survey method. 
C) The sensitivity of the dependent variable. 
D) The random assignment of participants to conditions in the quasi-experimental method. 
E) None of the above.

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following is a common weakness of experimental research?

If a researcher is blind to an experimental hypothesis when they conduct some experimental research this mainly controls for which of the following?

"A measure of the nature and strength of the relationship between two variables." What is this a glossary definition of?

Which of the following statements is true?

The challenges associated with generalizing particular research findings relate to issues of which of the following?

Which of the following is a particular advantage of the experimental method?

Complete this sentence: To examine psychological characteristics researchers usually administer particular ........

"A piece of research in which one or more independent variables are systematically manipulated and all others are controlled.This assesses the impact of manipulated (independent)variables on relevant outcome (dependent)variables." What type of study is this a glossary definition of?

Which of the following statements is false?

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following statements is false?

A researcher conducts an experiment in Germany that tests the hypothesis that 'alcohol consumption leads to impaired memory'.Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following is not identified as a problem associated with observational methodology?

"A procedure (also known as the correlational method)involving the collection of information about different variables in order to measure those variables and the relationship between them".What research method is this a glossary definition of?

Which of the following statements is true.

"An aspect of a person, animal subject, or a situation that can change." What construct is this a glossary definition of?

"A piece of research that is conducted in a natural (non-artificial)setting." What type of study is this a glossary definition of?

What distinguishes the survey method from the quasi-experimental method?

Research in Psychology: Objectives and Ideals

Experimental Design

Survey Design

Descriptive Statistics

Some Principles of Statistical Inference

Examining Differences Between Means: The T-Test

Filters

Exam 2: Research Methods

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following is a common weakness of experimental research?

If a researcher is blind to an experimental hypothesis when they conduct some experimental research this mainly controls for which of the following?

"A measure of the nature and strength of the relationship between two variables." What is this a glossary definition of?

Which of the following statements is true?

The challenges associated with generalizing particular research findings relate to issues of which of the following?

Which of the following is a particular advantage of the experimental method?

Complete this sentence: To examine psychological characteristics researchers usually administer particular ........

"A piece of research in which one or more independent variables are systematically manipulated and all others are controlled.This assesses the impact of manipulated (independent)variables on relevant outcome (dependent)variables." What type of study is this a glossary definition of?

Which of the following statements is false?

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following statements is false?

A researcher conducts an experiment in Germany that tests the hypothesis that 'alcohol consumption leads to impaired memory'.Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following is not identified as a problem associated with observational methodology?

"A procedure (also known as the correlational method)involving the collection of information about different variables in order to measure those variables and the relationship between them".What research method is this a glossary definition of?

Which of the following statements is true.

"An aspect of a person, animal subject, or a situation that can change." What construct is this a glossary definition of?

"A piece of research that is conducted in a natural (non-artificial)setting." What type of study is this a glossary definition of?

What distinguishes the survey method from the quasi-experimental method?

Research in Psychology: Objectives and Ideals

Experimental Design

Survey Design

Descriptive Statistics

Some Principles of Statistical Inference

Examining Differences Between Means: The T-Test

Filters