Exam 6: Memory

Chunking is one way of increasing the storage capacity of short-term memory.

Students who take the distributed practice approach to learning retain significantly more information than those who take the massed practice approach.

When Madeline is feeling blue or unhappy she is more likely to recall negative or unpleasant memories. This is an encoding specificity phenomenon called:

When she studies for her humanities tests, Kelly always goes to the classroom where the humanities class is held. By studying in the same setting where she'll take the test, Kelly is trying to use _____ to her advantage.

Counteracting the serial position effect by spending extra time studying material that falls in the middle of what you are studying is a good strategy for improving memory.

The standard stage model of memory has three distinct memory components: the phonological loop, the visuospatial sketchpad, and the central executive.

Which of the following statements about long-term memory isFALSE?

Participants in Sperling's experiment stared at a screen on which three rows of letters were flashed for just one-twentieth of a second. If Sperling sounded a high-pitched, medium-pitched, or low-pitched tone within _____, the person could recall the letters in the upper, middle, or lower row.

The average age of earliest auto biographical memories for Taiwanese and Chinese college students tended to be earlier than that for European American college students.

Which stage of memory enables us to perceive the world around us as continuous, rather than as a series of disconnected visual images or disjointed sounds?

The essence of encoding failure is that certain kinds of information are so abstract or technical that it is impossible to encode the information for storage in long-term memory.

Much of what we learn is forgotten very quickly but eventually the rate of forgetting levels off.

Massed practice, or "cramming," the night before a test is one of the most effective ways to study and learn new material.

British psychologist and memory researcher Alan Baddeley developed:

Josh is sent to the store by his mother to pick up a number of grocery items. Upon arriving home, Josh's mother notices that Josh remembered to buy the first few items but apparently forgot to get the last few items that she had mentioned to him.Remembering the first items in a list is called the primacy effect.

Neurological evidence suggests that at least some instances ofdéjà vu are related to brain dysfunction, and in particular,temporal lobe disruptions.

Visual sensory memory is to auditory sensory memory as_____ is to _____.

The "phonological loop" and the "visuospatial sketchpad" are:

Jamie found the ISBN of the book she wanted to order in the Books in Print Catalog. To remember the eleven-digit number,19772552901, she thought of the number as the year her best friend was born (1977) and her aunt's phone number (255-2901). Jamie was using the strategy of _____ to help her remember the ISBN number.

Marcia says, "Oh, I know that actor's name. I just can't remember it right now." Marcia seems to be having a tip-of-the-tongue experience.