Question 1

Effective maintenance of biodiversity requires the maintenance of

Accepted Answer

A)  habitats. 
B)  sanctuaries. 
C)  reserve parks. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  habitats. 
B)  sanctuaries. 
C)  reserve parks. 
D)  all of the above. D

Question 2

The Kyoto Protocol has been criticized for

Accepted Answer

A)  setting quantitative limits on GHG without specific regard to future increases in global temperatures. 
B)  focusing on short term goals without consideration of long-term needs. 
C)  insufficient attention to implementation and enforcement. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  setting quantitative limits on GHG without specific regard to future increases in global temperatures. 
B)  focusing on short term goals without consideration of long-term needs. 
C)  insufficient attention to implementation and enforcement. 
D)  all of the above. D

Question 3

Building more flood resistant housing is a case of

Accepted Answer

A)  spending money unwisely 
B)  required by the Paris Agreement 
C)  mitigation 
D)  adaptation 
A)  spending money unwisely 
B)  required by the Paris Agreement 
C)  mitigation 
D)  adaptation D

Question 4

Which of the following events or activities have contributed to the increase in global green house gasses?

Accepted Answer

A)  deforestation 
B)  the industrial revolution 
C)  increased use of fossil fuels 
D)  all of the above 
A)  deforestation 
B)  the industrial revolution 
C)  increased use of fossil fuels 
D)  all of the above

Question 5

There are two fundamental paths to address the problems of global climate change: _________ and/or __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  regulation; elimination 
B)  mitigation; adaptation 
C)  market; legal 
D)  global; local 
A)  regulation; elimination 
B)  mitigation; adaptation 
C)  market; legal 
D)  global; local

Question 6

"Decarbonization" means

Accepted Answer

A)  using less energy per household 
B)  reducing CO2 emissions per unit of energy used 
C)  reducing energy used per average household 
D)  producing cars that get better fuel mileage 
A)  using less energy per household 
B)  reducing CO2 emissions per unit of energy used 
C)  reducing energy used per average household 
D)  producing cars that get better fuel mileage

Question 7

The reason it is so difficult to seek solutions to protect the global environment is that

Accepted Answer

A)  nations are impacted by global pollution differently and therefore have different incentives to protect global resources. 
B)  nations contribute to global pollution at different levels and therefore require different incentives to alter their practices. 
C)  there is a great deal of uncertainty regarding the impact of emissions on shared global resources. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  nations are impacted by global pollution differently and therefore have different incentives to protect global resources. 
B)  nations contribute to global pollution at different levels and therefore require different incentives to alter their practices. 
C)  there is a great deal of uncertainty regarding the impact of emissions on shared global resources. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 8

Afforestation is an example of _________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  an emission reduction method 
B)  augmenting the CO2 absorption capacity of the ecosystem 
C)  a technology standard 
D)  a CO2 capture and storage method 
A)  an emission reduction method 
B)  augmenting the CO2 absorption capacity of the ecosystem 
C)  a technology standard 
D)  a CO2 capture and storage method

Question 9

The best way to preserve biological diversity is to

Accepted Answer

A)  ban hunting 
B)  protect habitat 
C)  ban trade in animals 
D)  work to discover new species 
A)  ban hunting 
B)  protect habitat 
C)  ban trade in animals 
D)  work to discover new species

Question 10

There is some evidence that CO2 emissions have been contained within the United States and Europe. One of the main reasons for the decline is thought to be

Accepted Answer

A)  the 2008 recession. 
B)  new legislation. 
C)  smaller automobiles. 
D)  increased recycling. 
A)  the 2008 recession. 
B)  new legislation. 
C)  smaller automobiles. 
D)  increased recycling.

Question 11

The Kyoto Protocol came into force in 2005 and was the first ___________ effort to address GHG reduction and control.

Accepted Answer

A)  national 
B)  international 
C)  private 
D)  European 
A)  national 
B)  international 
C)  private 
D)  European

Question 12

As a specific approach to reducing the impact of green house gasses, mitigation refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  taking steps to reduce emissions today to delay or reduce global temperature increases. 
B)  new legislation that allows for lawsuits for those who do not comply with emission limits. 
C)  adjustments to reduce the negative impacts of temperature increases. 
D)  protecting specific key resources from temperature increases. 
A)  taking steps to reduce emissions today to delay or reduce global temperature increases. 
B)  new legislation that allows for lawsuits for those who do not comply with emission limits. 
C)  adjustments to reduce the negative impacts of temperature increases. 
D)  protecting specific key resources from temperature increases.

Question 13

Principles of the Paris Agreement include

Accepted Answer

A)  specific goals for energy efficiency. 
B)  commitment to GHG emissions. 
C)  commitment to offer INDCs. 
D)  quantitative targets of GHG reductions. 
A)  specific goals for energy efficiency. 
B)  commitment to GHG emissions. 
C)  commitment to offer INDCs. 
D)  quantitative targets of GHG reductions.

Question 14

Cap and trade is a _____ based plan. A limit is placed on emissions and prices are established in emissions permit markets. Emission taxes are a _______ based policy. A fee on emissions is set and the quantity of emissions is adjusted as polluters react to the fee.

Accepted Answer

A)  price; quantity 
B)  quantity; price 
C)  technology; behavior 
D)  behavior; technology 
A)  price; quantity 
B)  quantity; price 
C)  technology; behavior 
D)  behavior; technology

Question 15

With no green house gases at all, the earth would be _______ for human life.

Accepted Answer

A)  more comfortable 
B)  uninhabitable 
C)  10 degrees cooler 
D)  more sustainable 
A)  more comfortable 
B)  uninhabitable 
C)  10 degrees cooler 
D)  more sustainable

Question 16

One policy solution to maintaining species and biodiversity is to

Accepted Answer

A)  establish a more complete system of property rights over genetic resources. 
B)  establish a trap and trade program similar to cap and trade programs. 
C)  increase and expand the Endangered Species Act. 
D)  increase the lands in the US that are held in the public domain. 
A)  establish a more complete system of property rights over genetic resources. 
B)  establish a trap and trade program similar to cap and trade programs. 
C)  increase and expand the Endangered Species Act. 
D)  increase the lands in the US that are held in the public domain.

Question 17

The Paris Agreement

Accepted Answer

A)  requires countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions equally 
B)  applies only to developed countries 
C)  allows countries to set their own greenhouse gas reduction targets 
D)  was negotiated in New York 
A)  requires countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions equally 
B)  applies only to developed countries 
C)  allows countries to set their own greenhouse gas reduction targets 
D)  was negotiated in New York

Question 18

As a specific approach to reducing the impact of green house gasses, adaptation refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  taking steps to reduce emissions today to delay or reduce global temperature increases. 
B)  new legislation that allows for lawsuits for those who do not comply with emission limits. 
C)  adjustments to reduce the negative impacts of temperature increases. 
D)  protecting specific key resources from temperature increases. 
A)  taking steps to reduce emissions today to delay or reduce global temperature increases. 
B)  new legislation that allows for lawsuits for those who do not comply with emission limits. 
C)  adjustments to reduce the negative impacts of temperature increases. 
D)  protecting specific key resources from temperature increases.

Question 19

According to recent statistics from the World Resources Institute, emissions are increasing in the

Accepted Answer

A)  United States. 
B)  European Union. 
C)  India. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  United States. 
B)  European Union. 
C)  India. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 20

Higher levels of atmospheric CO2 are expected to have a substantial impact on ecosystems, including individual plant and animal species, not just because of the magnitude of change but also because of ??????________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  reason for the change 
B)  location of the change 
C)  predictability of the change 
D)  the rate of change 
A)  reason for the change 
B)  location of the change 
C)  predictability of the change 
D)  the rate of change

Exam 18: The Global Environment

Effective maintenance of biodiversity requires the maintenance of

The Kyoto Protocol has been criticized for

Building more flood resistant housing is a case of

Which of the following events or activities have contributed to the increase in global green house gasses?

There are two fundamental paths to address the problems of global climate change: _________ and/or __________.

"Decarbonization" means

The reason it is so difficult to seek solutions to protect the global environment is that

Afforestation is an example of _________________.

The best way to preserve biological diversity is to

There is some evidence that CO2 emissions have been contained within the United States and Europe. One of the main reasons for the decline is thought to be

The Kyoto Protocol came into force in 2005 and was the first ___________ effort to address GHG reduction and control.

As a specific approach to reducing the impact of green house gasses, mitigation refers to

Principles of the Paris Agreement include

Cap and trade is a _____ based plan. A limit is placed on emissions and prices are established in emissions permit markets. Emission taxes are a _______ based policy. A fee on emissions is set and the quantity of emissions is adjusted as polluters react to the fee.

With no green house gases at all, the earth would be _______ for human life.

One policy solution to maintaining species and biodiversity is to

The Paris Agreement

As a specific approach to reducing the impact of green house gasses, adaptation refers to

According to recent statistics from the World Resources Institute, emissions are increasing in the

Higher levels of atmospheric CO2 are expected to have a substantial impact on ecosystems, including individual plant and animal species, not just because of the magnitude of change but also because of ??????________________.

What Is Environmental Economics

The Economy and the Environment

Benefits and Costs, Supply and Demand

Economic Efficiency and Markets

The Economics of Environmental Quality

Framework of Analysis

Benefit-Cost Analysis: Benefits

Benefit-Cost Analysis: Costs

Criteria for Evaluating Environmental Policies

Decentralized Policies: Liability Laws, Property Rights, and Voluntary Action

Command-And-Control Strategies: the Case of Standards

Incentive-Based Strategies: Emission Charges and Subsidies

Incentive-Based Strategies: Market Trading Systems

Federal Water Pollution-Control Policy

Federal Air Pollution-Control Policy

Federal Policy on Toxic and Hazardous Substances

State and Local Environmental Issues

International Environmental Agreements

Globalization

Economic Development and the Environment

Filters

There are two fundamental paths to address the problems of global climate change: _ and/or __.

Cap and trade is a _ based plan. A limit is placed on emissions and prices are established in emissions permit markets. Emission taxes are a ___ based policy. A fee on emissions is set and the quantity of emissions is adjusted as polluters react to the fee.

Higher levels of atmospheric CO₂ are expected to have a substantial impact on ecosystems, including individual plant and animal species, not just because of the magnitude of change but also because of ??????________________.