Exam 4: Basic Probability

TABLE 4-5 In a meat packaging plant,Machine A accounts for 60% of the plant's output,while Machine B accounts for 40% of the plant's output.In total,4% of the packages are improperly sealed.Also,3% of the packages are from Machine A and are improperly sealed. -Referring to Table 4-5,if a package selected at random is improperly sealed,the probability that it came from machine A is ________.

If either event A or event B must occur,then events A and B are said to be

If two equally likely events A and B are mutually exclusive,what is the probability that event A occurs?

There are only 4 empty rooms available in a student dormitory for eleven new freshmen.Each room is considered unique so that it matters who is being assigned to which room.How many different ways can those 4 empty rooms be filled one student per room?

A business venture can result in the following outcomes (with their corresponding chance of occurring in parentheses): Highly Successful (10%),Successful (25%),Break Even (25%),Disappointing (20%),and Highly Disappointing (?).If these are the only outcomes possible for the business venture,what is the chance that the business venture will be considered Highly Disappointing?

The employees of a company were surveyed on questions regarding their educational background (college degree or no college degree)and marital status (single or married).Of the 600 employees,400 had college degrees,100 were single,and 60 were single college graduates.The probability that an employee of the company is single or has a college degree is

TABLE 4-10 Are whites more likely to claim bias? It was found that 60% of the workers were white,30% were black and 10% are other races.Given that a worker was white,the probability that the worker had claimed bias was 30%.Given that a worker was black,the probability that the worker had claimed bias was 40%.Given that a worker was other race,the probability that the worker had claimed bias was 0%. -Referring to Table 4-10,when a randomly selected worker was not white,what is the probability that the worker had not claimed bias?

TABLE 4-7 The next state lottery will have the following payoffs possible with their associated probabilities. -Referring to Table 4-7,if you have a winning ticket,the probability that you win at least $100.00 is ________.

TABLE 4-5 In a meat packaging plant,Machine A accounts for 60% of the plant's output,while Machine B accounts for 40% of the plant's output.In total,4% of the packages are improperly sealed.Also,3% of the packages are from Machine A and are improperly sealed. -Referring to Table 4-5,if a package selected at random came from Machine B,the probability that it is improperly sealed is ________.

According to a survey of American households,the probability that the residents own 2 cars if annual household income is over $50,000 is 80%.Of the households surveyed,60% had incomes over $50,000 and 70% had 2 cars.The probability that the residents of a household own 2 cars and have an income less than or equal to $50,000 a year is

TABLE 4-1 Mothers Against Drunk Driving is a very visible group whose main focus is to educate the public about the harm caused by drunk drivers.A study was recently done that emphasized the problem we all face with drinking and driving.Four hundred accidents that occurred on a Saturday night were analyzed.Two items noted were the number of vehicles involved and whether alcohol played a role in the accident.The numbers are shown below: -Referring to Table 4-1,what proportion of accidents involved alcohol or a single vehicle?

If two events are mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive,what is the probability that one or the other occurs?

A new model car from Ford Motor Company offers a keyless entry system that utilizes a four-letter code.How many different possible combinations are there for the code?

If two events are independent,what is the probability that they both occur?

TABLE 4-8 According to the record of the registrar's office at a state university,35% of the students are freshman,25% are sophomore,16% are junior and the rest are senior.Among the freshmen,sophomores,juniors and seniors,the portion of students who live in the dormitory are,respectively,80%,60%,30% and 20%. -Referring to Table 4-8,what percentage of the students live in a dormitory?

You know that the probability of a randomly selected student will cheat on an exam is 1%.You also know that the probability of a randomly selected student will cheat on an exam knowing that his/her fellow classmate is cheating on the exam is also 1%.Which of the following is true about the event of "the randomly selected student cheating on an exam" and "his/her classmate is cheating on the exam"?

TABLE 4-6 At a Texas college,60% of the students are from the southern part of the state,30% are from the northern part of the state,and the remaining 10% are from out-of-state.All students must take and pass an Entry Level Math (ELM)test.60% of the southerners have passed the ELM,70% of the northerners have passed the ELM,and 90% of the out-of-staters have passed the ELM. -Referring to Table 4-6,if a randomly selected student is not from southern Texas,the probability the student has not passed the ELM is ________.

The probability that house sales will increase in the next 6 months is estimated to be 0.25.The probability that the interest rates on housing loans will go up in the same period is estimated to be 0.74.The probability that house sales or interest rates will go up during the next 6 months is estimated to be 0.89.The probability that neither house sales nor interest rates will increase during the next 6 months is

If two events are mutually exclusive,what is the probability that one or the other occurs?

The probability that a new advertising campaign will increase sales is assessed as being 0.80.The probability that the cost of developing the new ad campaign can be kept within the original budget allocation is 0.40.Assuming that the two events are independent,the probability that the cost is kept within budget or the campaign will increase sales is