Exam 6: Deviance

David Rosenhan argues that misdiagnosis is particularly a problem for psychologists, as a diagnosis of a mental illness is as influential on the patient as it is on their relatives and friends. It should not surprise anyone that the diagnosis acts as a(n)

Most sociological studies of deviance focus on elements of an individual's background that would make them more likely to act in deviant ways. What is the key problem with such an approach?

Corporal punishments like branding or amputation, commonly used in colonial America, were designed to

In what ways might a man experience stereotype promise in the nursing field?

In what ways is deviance a social judgment rather than a moral judgment?

Crime statistics can sometimes be misleading. Explain some potential problems with crime statistics that draw conclusions about the criminal behavior of certain class, age, or ethnic groups.

A behavior, trait, or belief can be considered deviant if it violates a social norm and causes a negative reaction.

Why might teenagers shoplift, according to Jack Katz's Seductions of Crime?

What makes a crime a hate crime? Why are hate crime statistics so unreliable?

Who is MOST likely to commit murder according to the Uniform Crime Report?

The Amish have neither the resources nor the desire to use prison as a sanction against members of their community who violate the rules. What sanction do they use instead?

Samantha believes that corporations are not punished enough for polluting the planet, manufacturing unsafe products, and manipulating prices while, at the same time, homeless people are punished too much for crimes such as stealing food. She believes we should all have access to basic needs like food regardless of wealth. Samantha has taken a ________ perspective to explain the way deviance is viewed in society.

Secondary deviance occurs when an individual acquires a deviant identity.

A deviant label transitions from primary to secondary deviance when the deviant label is

Brooke is a PhD candidate in the field of nanophysics. She is aware that only 4 percent of physics professionals are women. Brooke has heard peers and even instructors say that this is because women struggle to comprehend complex mathematics. What may Brooke be experiencing when she scores below her male counterparts on an exam?

An educator is disgusted with teaching methods that lead students to simply gain a credential rather than actually learn about the world. She decides to start a charter school that employs innovative teaching methods, doesn't give students grades, and encourages creative thinking over rote learning. How would Robert Merton's strain theory of deviance classify this educator?

A man tries to find unconventional and even illegal ways of making money. Into what category does this fit, according to Robert Merton's typology?

Explain the concept of cash register honesty. Provide two examples to support your answer.

A researcher examines the effects of learning communities on a college campus. In these communities, students live in a small dorm hall together, have one faculty advisor, attend a first-year seminar together, and participate in social activities together. After completing her study, the researcher finds that compared to students living in regular dorms or off-campus, students in these communities are less likely to engage in either academic cheating or underage drinking and have fewer disciplinary actions on their records. Which sociological perspective best explains this finding?

________ suggests that individuals learn to be deviant by interacting with others who are already deviant.