Exam 6: Deviance

American criminologist Richard Quinney theorized that capitalism-and the exploitation and oppression of the working class-make deviant and even criminal behavior nearly inescapable for workers. The ruling class can make laws that target the poor. When the poor act out against repression, they become targets for law enforcement, while the rich and powerful remain free to do what they like. Quinney's theory falls under which sociological perspective?

What did David Rosenhan describe in "On Being Sane in Insane Places"?

Robert Merton's typology of deviance outlines the strain that people experience as they attempt to access cultural goals through legitimate, institutionalized means. In which of the following categories would gangsters and con artists be found?

Some light-skinned African Americans have attempted to pass as white due to stigmatization. Describe the process of passing. What was the historical motivation for African Americans to pass as white?

What is cyberbullying, and how is it different from traditional bullying?

Regarding stigma, symbolic interactionists are interested in

Which factor makes sociologists question the relationship between youth and crime?

Why would using the wrong fork to eat a salad at a dinner party NOT usually qualify as deviance?

The vast majority of crimes come to the attention of the police in response to citizen complaints. Citizens do not usually bother to inform the authorities if they do not think a crime is serious enough or feel that nothing can be done. This means that there might be serious bias in the

Robert Merton's structural strain theory sees deviance as the result of a person's position in a social structure. What do you think Jack Katz, author of Seductions of Crime, would say about structural strain theory?

Some Americans are angry about how many immigrants enter the country every year. A supporter of structural functionalism would argue that this anger

Individuals or groups labeled as deviant are often stigmatized. They acquire what Erving Goffman called a "spoiled identity," which devalues them and often excludes them from normal social interaction. Illustrate the different ways that stigmatized individuals and groups cope with their stigmatization.

Why are young people more likely to get arrested?

According to Howard Becker, there are no inherently deviant acts, only societal reactions to acts that make them deviant. Describe an instance in which one person could be seen as a hero and another person could be labeled a criminal even though they are engaging in the same behavior.

Stereotype threat leads to positive performance outcomes, while stereotype promise is a result of the fear of performing poorly.

Many people today argue that convicted sex offenders should be chemically castrated or held in protective custody beyond their original sentences. What is the logic of these punishments?

Sociologists are making both a social and a moral judgment when they use the term "deviant."

Some subcultures have adopted branding as a form of body art, though it is no longer used as a form of punishment in the United States. This demonstrates that

Sociologists studying deviance often focus on the most obvious and extreme forms of deviant behavior. What are the consequences of this approach?

According to Erving Goffman, stigmatized individuals who do not believe they should have to change or conceal their identities to make "normal" people more comfortable have