Exam 2: Theories of Development: Interpreting the Lifespan

Randy's parents talk with his teachers often to make sure they know what he is learning in school and how he is doing there. According to the bioecological model, Randy has a healthy:

__________ is based on the concept that involuntary responses can be elicited through a specific learning process.

Erik Erikson based his theory of development of which of the following populations?

Lisa is 4½ years old. Her parents are fiercely competitive and want Lisa to succeed in life. They continually push her toward new goals and achievements while giving her very little time to relish the accomplishments she does make. If this scenario persists, Lisa is in danger of leaving this period in her life with a sense of:

Which of Erikson's psychosocial stages corresponds to the elementary school years?

For Vygotsky, intrapsychological influences on development are based on:

Darwin's concept of __________ is of most importance to evolutionary psychology's approach to development.

Piaget referred to __________ as blueprints that enable us to organize and adapt to our world.

"I make my own luck; I don't wait for the dice to roll my way." This statement reflects:

Fox is 2½ and has just been introduced to snow for the first time. He will now develop a new mental category in which to house the concept of snow. In Piaget's theory this process is called:

Walt has just begun to notice how attractive his neighbor, Chelsea, is. It seems like last spring he could barely stand to be around her, but now that they are both beginning high school, she suddenly seems to have changed-for the better! Walt appears to be in Freud's __________ stage.

The critical component in the bioecological model for development is:

According to Freud, each stage of development is based on a:

If an individual has passed through his or her middle adulthood and successfully completed the relevant psychosocial crisis, that person will have achieved:

Little Allison is 4 months old. She is just beginning to use her body to form cognitive structures. Piaget would say that she is in the __________ stage of development.

What is the function of the phallic stage?

Andrea tends to smoke too much, drink too much, and has a biting wit. She does not relate well to others and has neither been able to hold a steady job or keep a potential suitor around for long. Freud would argue that Andrea's problems are due to:

Russell cannot look at a woman without thinking about what it would be like to be intimate with her; however, he always resists the impulse to be forward and conducts himself like a gentleman. What is the force that prompts him to subdue his baser instincts?

__________ based his developmental theory on observations of people from many cultures and socioeconomic strata, and upon historical figures.

The __________ is the environmental layer in which an individual is not actually present, but it influences them anyway.