Question 1

A nurse teaching family members about hand hygiene in the home would emphasize:

Accepted Answer

A)  keeping fingernails short and avoiding wearing rings. 
B)  washing hands up to the elbows for 2 minutes the first time in the day, and for 1 minute after a diaper change. 
C)  using disposable gloves after hand hygiene when feeding the infant. 
D)  that home care requires less attention to medical asepsis, so hand hygiene is necessary only after toileting or handling soiled diapers. 
A)  keeping fingernails short and avoiding wearing rings. 
B)  washing hands up to the elbows for 2 minutes the first time in the day, and for 1 minute after a diaper change. 
C)  using disposable gloves after hand hygiene when feeding the infant. 
D)  that home care requires less attention to medical asepsis, so hand hygiene is necessary only after toileting or handling soiled diapers.

Question 2

Fleas, ticks, mosquitoes, and other insects that harbor infection are called _____________.

Accepted Answer

vectors
Fleas, ticks, mosquito

Question 3

The situation in which protective eyewear is required is:

Accepted Answer

A)  suctioning a tracheotomy. 
B)  applying a dressing on the leg. 
C)  changing a baby's diaper. 
D)  gathering the linens off a contaminated bed. 
A)  suctioning a tracheotomy. 
B)  applying a dressing on the leg. 
C)  changing a baby's diaper. 
D)  gathering the linens off a contaminated bed.

Question 4

When removing a used facemask, the nurse correctly:

Accepted Answer

A)  lowers it below his chin to use the next time he enters that patient's room. 
B)  removes the mask first before removing any other PPE. 
C)  unties the bottom ties first, then the top, and disposes of the mask without touching it. 
D)  discards the mask only if it is wet; otherwise, he folds and stores it to reuse the next time. 
A)  lowers it below his chin to use the next time he enters that patient's room. 
B)  removes the mask first before removing any other PPE. 
C)  unties the bottom ties first, then the top, and disposes of the mask without touching it. 
D)  discards the mask only if it is wet; otherwise, he folds and stores it to reuse the next time.

Question 5

Place the process of an inflammatory response in the appropriate sequence. (Separate letters by a comma and space as follows: A, B, C, D, E.)
A) Release of histamine
B) Edema or swelling
C) Redness
D) Cell injury
E) Vasodilation

Accepted Answer

D, E, C, B, A
After a cell injury the in

Question 6

The nurse using protective nonsterile gloves in the provision of patient care will wash his or her hands after removal of the gloves in order to:

Accepted Answer

A)  avoid transfer of organisms. 
B)  diminish possibility of latex allergy. 
C)  keep skin of hands from cracking and drying. 
D)  enhance the ease of donning a fresh pair of gloves. 
A)  avoid transfer of organisms. 
B)  diminish possibility of latex allergy. 
C)  keep skin of hands from cracking and drying. 
D)  enhance the ease of donning a fresh pair of gloves.

Question 7

The nurse instructs a patient that in order to reduce diseases that are transmitted via droplet, the nose and mouth should be covered by:

Accepted Answer

A)  moistened towelette. 
B)  handkerchief. 
C)  clean paper tissue. 
D)  bent elbow. 
A)  moistened towelette. 
B)  handkerchief. 
C)  clean paper tissue. 
D)  bent elbow.

Question 8

When a patient in the ambulatory clinic is diagnosed as having pneumococcal pneumonia, the nurse is aware that this infection:

Accepted Answer

A)  is viral and will not respond to antibiotics. 
B)  is bacterial and should respond to treatment with antibiotics. 
C)  is fungal and is caused by the alteration of the normal flora of the lung. 
D)  is resultant from a resistant organism and extreme caution must be taken. 
A)  is viral and will not respond to antibiotics. 
B)  is bacterial and should respond to treatment with antibiotics. 
C)  is fungal and is caused by the alteration of the normal flora of the lung. 
D)  is resultant from a resistant organism and extreme caution must be taken.

Question 9

The nurse encourages the 84-year-old patient who is recovering from a hip replacement to:

Accepted Answer

A)  cough frequently to make up for the loss of cilia. 
B)  restrict fluid to prevent pulmonary congestion. 
C)  keep the bed flat to aid in lung expansion. 
D)  encourage bed rest. 
A)  cough frequently to make up for the loss of cilia. 
B)  restrict fluid to prevent pulmonary congestion. 
C)  keep the bed flat to aid in lung expansion. 
D)  encourage bed rest.

Question 10

The nurse explains that the body's normal flora serves as:

Accepted Answer

A)  aids to digestion and blood production. 
B)  prevention to the colonizing of pathogens. 
C)  managers of fluid balance of the body. 
D)  cell rebuilders. 
A)  aids to digestion and blood production. 
B)  prevention to the colonizing of pathogens. 
C)  managers of fluid balance of the body. 
D)  cell rebuilders.

Question 11

A young patient became ill with mononucleosis that she contracted from drinking out of the same glass as her boyfriend who also had the disease. The glass, an inanimate object, has caused the indirect transmission. The inanimate transmitter is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  fomite. 
B)  prions. 
C)  vector. 
D)  interferon. 
A)  fomite. 
B)  prions. 
C)  vector. 
D)  interferon.

Question 12

When the nurse is using a syringe and needle to give a patient an injection, he or she should:

Accepted Answer

A)  never recap the needle afterward to avoid risk of needle stick. 
B)  carefully break the needle from the syringe, using the needle cover to prevent reuse of a used syringe and needle. 
C)  throw the needle and syringe immediately in a covered garbage can with a red plastic liner to indicate the materials are biohazards. 
D)  recap the needle and place it carefully on the patient's table until leaving the room, then discard it in a garbage container in the nurses' medication room. 
A)  never recap the needle afterward to avoid risk of needle stick. 
B)  carefully break the needle from the syringe, using the needle cover to prevent reuse of a used syringe and needle. 
C)  throw the needle and syringe immediately in a covered garbage can with a red plastic liner to indicate the materials are biohazards. 
D)  recap the needle and place it carefully on the patient's table until leaving the room, then discard it in a garbage container in the nurses' medication room.

Question 13

An enzyme found in the mucous membranes that is bactericidal is:

Accepted Answer

A)  lysozyme. 
B)  ptyalin. 
C)  serotonin. 
D)  histamine. 
A)  lysozyme. 
B)  ptyalin. 
C)  serotonin. 
D)  histamine.

Question 14

Health personnel should wash their hands with soap and water at the beginning of the shift for:

Accepted Answer

A)  10 seconds. 
B)  15 seconds. 
C)  1 minute. 
D)  2 minutes. 
A)  10 seconds. 
B)  15 seconds. 
C)  1 minute. 
D)  2 minutes.

Question 15

The patient inquires about how his body will kill pathogens unassisted by antibiotics. The nurse responds that a process called phagocytosis will:

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulate the body to make more white blood cells. 
B)  create antibodies against the pathogen. 
C)  engulf and destroy the pathogen. 
D)  stimulate the production of interferons. 
A)  stimulate the body to make more white blood cells. 
B)  create antibodies against the pathogen. 
C)  engulf and destroy the pathogen. 
D)  stimulate the production of interferons.

Question 16

A patient is sent home with an open wound that is still infected and being treated with wet-to-dry dressing changes four times a day. Before discharge, in order to prevent infecting other family members, the nurse would teach the patient to:

Accepted Answer

A)  be the only person to perform the dressing changes, thus eliminating the risk of infection to other family members. 
B)  wash hands thoroughly before the dressing change. 
C)  use gowns, gloves, and masks for any family contact with him. 
D)  maintain medical asepsis and proper handling of the contaminated dressings. 
A)  be the only person to perform the dressing changes, thus eliminating the risk of infection to other family members. 
B)  wash hands thoroughly before the dressing change. 
C)  use gowns, gloves, and masks for any family contact with him. 
D)  maintain medical asepsis and proper handling of the contaminated dressings.

Question 17

The nurse recommends a good agent for disinfecting contaminated areas in the home is:

Accepted Answer

A)  to cover the area with boiling water and let air dry. 
B)  a 1:10 solution of chlorine bleach. 
C)  a 1:2 solution of alcohol. 
D)  to soak in a solution of povidone iodine for 30 minutes and rinse with hot water. 
A)  to cover the area with boiling water and let air dry. 
B)  a 1:10 solution of chlorine bleach. 
C)  a 1:2 solution of alcohol. 
D)  to soak in a solution of povidone iodine for 30 minutes and rinse with hot water.

Question 18

The nurse is aware that the use of ethylene oxide gas is reserved for the sterilization of:

Accepted Answer

A)  dressings. 
B)  surgical instruments. 
C)  heat sensitive items. 
D)  floors and walls. 
A)  dressings. 
B)  surgical instruments. 
C)  heat sensitive items. 
D)  floors and walls.

Question 19

The nurse uses the Standard Precautions, as outlined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), when:

Accepted Answer

A)  there is a suspicion of or risk of infection. 
B)  preventing transmission of respiratory and wound infections. 
C)  caring for patients who have wounds draining body fluids. 
D)  caring for all patients. 
A)  there is a suspicion of or risk of infection. 
B)  preventing transmission of respiratory and wound infections. 
C)  caring for patients who have wounds draining body fluids. 
D)  caring for all patients.

Question 20

A patient has been diagnosed with vaginal candidiasis. The nurse recognizes that this condition is usually the result of:

Accepted Answer

A)  unprotected sex. 
B)  poor personal hygiene. 
C)  long-term antimicrobial therapy. 
D)  using bath oils. 
A)  unprotected sex. 
B)  poor personal hygiene. 
C)  long-term antimicrobial therapy. 
D)  using bath oils.

Exam 16: Infection Prevention and Control: Protective Mechanisms and Asepsis

A nurse teaching family members about hand hygiene in the home would emphasize:

Fleas, ticks, mosquitoes, and other insects that harbor infection are called _____________.

The situation in which protective eyewear is required is:

When removing a used facemask, the nurse correctly:

Place the process of an inflammatory response in the appropriate sequence. (Separate letters by a comma and space as follows: A, B, C, D, E.) A) Release of histamine B) Edema or swelling C) Redness D) Cell injury E) Vasodilation

The nurse using protective nonsterile gloves in the provision of patient care will wash his or her hands after removal of the gloves in order to:

The nurse instructs a patient that in order to reduce diseases that are transmitted via droplet, the nose and mouth should be covered by:

When a patient in the ambulatory clinic is diagnosed as having pneumococcal pneumonia, the nurse is aware that this infection:

The nurse encourages the 84-year-old patient who is recovering from a hip replacement to:

The nurse explains that the body's normal flora serves as:

A young patient became ill with mononucleosis that she contracted from drinking out of the same glass as her boyfriend who also had the disease. The glass, an inanimate object, has caused the indirect transmission. The inanimate transmitter is called:

When the nurse is using a syringe and needle to give a patient an injection, he or she should:

An enzyme found in the mucous membranes that is bactericidal is:

Health personnel should wash their hands with soap and water at the beginning of the shift for:

The patient inquires about how his body will kill pathogens unassisted by antibiotics. The nurse responds that a process called phagocytosis will:

A patient is sent home with an open wound that is still infected and being treated with wet-to-dry dressing changes four times a day. Before discharge, in order to prevent infecting other family members, the nurse would teach the patient to:

The nurse recommends a good agent for disinfecting contaminated areas in the home is:

The nurse is aware that the use of ethylene oxide gas is reserved for the sterilization of:

The nurse uses the Standard Precautions, as outlined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), when:

A patient has been diagnosed with vaginal candidiasis. The nurse recognizes that this condition is usually the result of:

Nursing and the Health Care System

Concepts of Health, Illness, Stress, and Health Promotion

Legal and Ethical Aspects of Nursing

The Nursing Process and Critical Thinking

Assessment, Nursing Diagnosis, and Planning

Implementation and Evaluation

Documentation of Nursing Care

Communication and the Nurse Patient Relationship

Patient Education and Health Promotion

Delegation, Leadership, and Management

Growth and Development: Infancy Through Adolescence

Adulthood and the Family

Promoting Healthy Adaptation to Aging

Cultural and Spiritual Aspects of Patient Care

Loss, Grief, and End-of-Life Care

Infection Prevention and Control in the Hospital and Home

Safe Lifting, Moving, and Positioning of Patients

Assisting with Hygiene Personal Care Skin Care and the Prevention of Pressure Ulcers

Patient Environment and Safety

Measuring Vital Signs

Assessing Health Status

Admitting Transferring and Discharging Patients

Diagnostic Tests and Specimen Collection

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Concepts of Basic Nutrition and Cultural Considerations

Nutritional Therapy and Assisted Feeding

Assisting with Respiration and Oxygen Delivery

Promoting Urinary Elimination

Promoting Bowel Elimination

Pain Comfort and Sleep

Complementary and Alternative Therapies

Pharmacology and Preparation for Drug Administration

Administering Oral, Topical, and Inhalant Medications

Administering Intradermal, Subcutaneous, and Intramuscular Injections

Administering Intravenous Solutions and Medications

Care of the Surgical Patient

Providing Wound Care and Treating Pressure Ulcers

Promoting Musculoskeletal Function

Common Physical Care Problems of the Older Adult

Common Psychosocial Care Problems of Older Adults

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