Question 1

Which of the following is most likely to develop if the pressure in the pulmonary capillaries increases?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pedal edema 
B)  Pulsating jugular veins 
C)  Pulmonary edema 
D)  Varicose veins 
A)  Pedal edema 
B)  Pulsating jugular veins 
C)  Pulmonary edema 
D)  Varicose veins

Question 2

A decreased plasma oncotic pressure is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  loss of plasma proteins, such as albumin. 
B)  leukocytosis. 
C)  a hypoxemia-induced polycythemia. 
D)  dehydration and "tenting." 
A)  loss of plasma proteins, such as albumin. 
B)  leukocytosis. 
C)  a hypoxemia-induced polycythemia. 
D)  dehydration and "tenting."

Question 3

Which of the following is a true statement regarding baroreceptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Baroreceptor activation is a response to pedal edema. 
B)  Baroreceptors are located in the carotid sinus and aortic arch. 
C)  Baroreceptors are activated only in response to a sudden decline in blood pressure. 
D)  All of the above are true. 
A)  Baroreceptor activation is a response to pedal edema. 
B)  Baroreceptors are located in the carotid sinus and aortic arch. 
C)  Baroreceptors are activated only in response to a sudden decline in blood pressure. 
D)  All of the above are true.

Question 4

Which term refers to drugs that cause vasodilation and reduce vascular resistance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diuretics 
B)  Vasodepressors 
C)  Inotropics 
D)  Sympathomimetics 
A)  Diuretics 
B)  Vasodepressors 
C)  Inotropics 
D)  Sympathomimetics

Question 5

What is the term that refers to the difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pulse deficit 
B)  Cardiac output 
C)  Stroke volume 
D)  Pulse pressure 
A)  Pulse deficit 
B)  Cardiac output 
C)  Stroke volume 
D)  Pulse pressure

Question 6

A patient takes a drug that immediately causes a reflex tachycardia.What is the most likely explanation for this effect on heart rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  The drug causes a sudden decline in blood pressure, thereby activating the baroreceptor reflex. 
B)  The drug spikes or elevates the blood pressure, thereby activating the baroreceptor reflex. 
C)  The drug causes venoconstriction, thereby increasing preload. 
D)  The drug stimulates the alpha1 receptors, causing an increase in SVR (systemic vascular resistance). 
A)  The drug causes a sudden decline in blood pressure, thereby activating the baroreceptor reflex. 
B)  The drug spikes or elevates the blood pressure, thereby activating the baroreceptor reflex. 
C)  The drug causes venoconstriction, thereby increasing preload. 
D)  The drug stimulates the alpha1 receptors, causing an increase in SVR (systemic vascular resistance).

Question 7

If capillary hydrostatic pressure (CHP)exceeds plasma oncotic pressure,

Accepted Answer

A)  fluid moves from the interstitium into the capillary. 
B)  no net flux of water occurs. 
C)  blood volume expansion occurs. 
D)  fluid is filtered into the interstitium. 
A)  fluid moves from the interstitium into the capillary. 
B)  no net flux of water occurs. 
C)  blood volume expansion occurs. 
D)  fluid is filtered into the interstitium.

Question 8

Which of the following drugs is most likely to increase systemic vascular resistance?

Accepted Answer

A)  (+) Inotropic agent 
B)  Arteriolar constrictor 
C)  Arteriolar dilator 
D)  Vasodilator 
A)  (+) Inotropic agent 
B)  Arteriolar constrictor 
C)  Arteriolar dilator 
D)  Vasodilator

Question 9

Your patient's initial blood pressure was 155/95 mm Hg.After 10 minutes his blood pressure was 125/75 mm Hg.Which of the following best reflects this observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hemorrhage-induced hypotension 
B)  Hypertensive crisis 
C)  White coat hypertension 
D)  The "silent killer" 
A)  Hemorrhage-induced hypotension 
B)  Hypertensive crisis 
C)  White coat hypertension 
D)  The "silent killer"

Question 10

Which of the following is not true about blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  The brachial artery is most commonly used to monitor blood pressure. 
B)  Blood pressure is higher in the arteries than in the capillaries. 
C)  Blood pressure is higher in the capillaries than in the veins. 
D)  Blood pressure is higher in the vena cava than in the arterioles. 
A)  The brachial artery is most commonly used to monitor blood pressure. 
B)  Blood pressure is higher in the arteries than in the capillaries. 
C)  Blood pressure is higher in the capillaries than in the veins. 
D)  Blood pressure is higher in the vena cava than in the arterioles.

Question 11

If capillary pore size increases,as in severe burns,

Accepted Answer

A)  capillary filtration of water decreases. 
B)  albumin is filtered from the capillaries and is deposited in the tissue space. 
C)  blood volume overload develops, causing the heart to fail. 
D)  all of the above occur. 
A)  capillary filtration of water decreases. 
B)  albumin is filtered from the capillaries and is deposited in the tissue space. 
C)  blood volume overload develops, causing the heart to fail. 
D)  all of the above occur.

Question 12

Which of the following is designed to promote the one-way flow of blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  The slow velocity of blood flow in the capillaries 
B)  The presence of valves in the veins 
C)  The presence of smooth muscle in the arterioles 
D)  The presence of a tunica adventitia in all blood vessels 
A)  The slow velocity of blood flow in the capillaries 
B)  The presence of valves in the veins 
C)  The presence of smooth muscle in the arterioles 
D)  The presence of a tunica adventitia in all blood vessels

Question 13

A sudden rise in blood pressure is most likely to produce a baroreceptor-induced

Accepted Answer

A)  (+) inotropic effect. 
B)  bradycardia. 
C)  narrowed pulse pressure. 
D)  increased heart rate. 
A)  (+) inotropic effect. 
B)  bradycardia. 
C)  narrowed pulse pressure. 
D)  increased heart rate.

Question 14

The skeletal muscle pump,respiratory pump,and venoconstriction

Accepted Answer

A)  pump blood to the liver. 
B)  assist in the return of blood to the right heart. 
C)  primarily affect the arterial side of the circulation. 
D)  pump blood to the brain. 
A)  pump blood to the liver. 
B)  assist in the return of blood to the right heart. 
C)  primarily affect the arterial side of the circulation. 
D)  pump blood to the brain.

Question 15

Which of the following is most likely to induce a reflex bradycardia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Development of hypovolemic (low blood volume) shock, as in hemorrhage 
B)  Exertion of pressure over the carotid sinus (tight collar) 
C)  Administration of nitroglycerine (a vasodilator drug) 
D)  Administration of a diuretic for hypertension 
A)  Development of hypovolemic (low blood volume) shock, as in hemorrhage 
B)  Exertion of pressure over the carotid sinus (tight collar) 
C)  Administration of nitroglycerine (a vasodilator drug) 
D)  Administration of a diuretic for hypertension

Question 16

In the dehydrated state,

Accepted Answer

A)  capillary oncotic pressure decreases; fluid accumulates in the tissue spaces. 
B)  capillary filtration pressure decreases; tissue fluid is absorbed. 
C)  capillary filtration rate increases, thereby increasing lymph formation. 
D)  plasma protein is filtered into the tissue spaces, causing edema. 
A)  capillary oncotic pressure decreases; fluid accumulates in the tissue spaces. 
B)  capillary filtration pressure decreases; tissue fluid is absorbed. 
C)  capillary filtration rate increases, thereby increasing lymph formation. 
D)  plasma protein is filtered into the tissue spaces, causing edema.

Question 17

Which of the following is true? (CO is cardiac output,BP is blood pressure,SV is stroke volume,HR is heart rate,SVR is systemic vascular resistance.)

Accepted Answer

A)  CO = HR * SV * pulse pressure 
B)  BP = CO * SV *SVR 
C)  BP = SV * pulse pressure 
D)  BP = SV* HR *SVR 
A)  CO = HR * SV * pulse pressure 
B)  BP = CO * SV *SVR 
C)  BP = SV * pulse pressure 
D)  BP = SV* HR *SVR

Question 18

Blood pressure is lowest in the

Accepted Answer

A)  inferior vena cava. 
B)  aorta. 
C)  circle of Willis. 
D)  femoral artery. 
A)  inferior vena cava. 
B)  aorta. 
C)  circle of Willis. 
D)  femoral artery.

Question 19

Which statement is the best explanation of the following: Sympathetic nerve stimulation increases systemic vascular resistance.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sympathetic nerve stimulation causes many of the arterioles in the peripheral circulation to constrict. 
B)  Sympathetic nerve stimulation causes peripheral venodilation and a decrease in preload. 
C)  Sympathetic nerve stimulation reduces afterload in the systemic circulation. 
D)  Sympathetic nerve stimulation causes a vasodepressor effect. 
A)  Sympathetic nerve stimulation causes many of the arterioles in the peripheral circulation to constrict. 
B)  Sympathetic nerve stimulation causes peripheral venodilation and a decrease in preload. 
C)  Sympathetic nerve stimulation reduces afterload in the systemic circulation. 
D)  Sympathetic nerve stimulation causes a vasodepressor effect.

Question 20

Both epinephrine and norepinephrine are

Accepted Answer

A)  steroids. 
B)  secreted by the adrenal cortex. 
C)  vasopressors. 
D)  blood pressure-lowering hormones. 
A)  steroids. 
B)  secreted by the adrenal cortex. 
C)  vasopressors. 
D)  blood pressure-lowering hormones.

Exam 19: Functions of the Blood Vessels

Which of the following is most likely to develop if the pressure in the pulmonary capillaries increases?

A decreased plasma oncotic pressure is caused by

Which of the following is a true statement regarding baroreceptors?

Which term refers to drugs that cause vasodilation and reduce vascular resistance?

What is the term that refers to the difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings?

A patient takes a drug that immediately causes a reflex tachycardia.What is the most likely explanation for this effect on heart rate?

If capillary hydrostatic pressure (CHP)exceeds plasma oncotic pressure,

Which of the following drugs is most likely to increase systemic vascular resistance?

Your patient's initial blood pressure was 155/95 mm Hg.After 10 minutes his blood pressure was 125/75 mm Hg.Which of the following best reflects this observation?

Which of the following is not true about blood pressure?

If capillary pore size increases,as in severe burns,

Which of the following is designed to promote the one-way flow of blood?

A sudden rise in blood pressure is most likely to produce a baroreceptor-induced

The skeletal muscle pump,respiratory pump,and venoconstriction

Which of the following is most likely to induce a reflex bradycardia?

In the dehydrated state,

Which of the following is true? (CO is cardiac output,BP is blood pressure,SV is stroke volume,HR is heart rate,SVR is systemic vascular resistance.)

Blood pressure is lowest in the

Which statement is the best explanation of the following: Sympathetic nerve stimulation increases systemic vascular resistance.

Both epinephrine and norepinephrine are

Introduction to the Human Body

Basic Chemistry

Cells

Cell Metabolism

Microbiology Basics

Tissues and Membranes

Integumentary System and Body Temperature

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory System

Endocrine System

Blood

Anatomy of the Heart

Function of the Heart

Anatomy of the Blood Vessels

Lymphatic System

Immune System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Human Development and Heredity

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