Question 1

What is the fate of erythrocytes when anaerobic metabolic enzymes are reduced in concentration or absent?

Accepted Answer

A) destruction by the liver 
B) destruction by monocytes in the blood 
C) hemolysis 
D) destruction by complement 
A) destruction by the liver 
B) destruction by monocytes in the blood 
C) hemolysis 
D) destruction by complement C

Question 2

What important function does 2,3-BPG perform?

Accepted Answer

A) maintains iron in the hemoglobin molecule in the ferrous state 
B) prevents oxidative injury to the red cell 
C) facilitates the delivery of oxygen to tissue 
D) aids in the exchange of membrane lipids with lipids in plasma 
A) maintains iron in the hemoglobin molecule in the ferrous state 
B) prevents oxidative injury to the red cell 
C) facilitates the delivery of oxygen to tissue 
D) aids in the exchange of membrane lipids with lipids in plasma C

Question 3

What is responsible for erythrocyte deformability and maintaining cell shape?

Accepted Answer

A) membrane proteins 
B) Na+ and K+ pump 
C) membrane lipids 
D) Ca2+ pump 
A) membrane proteins 
B) Na+ and K+ pump 
C) membrane lipids 
D) Ca2+ pump A

Question 4

What is the normal life span of a red cell in circulation?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 weeks 
B) 90 days 
C) 120 days 
D) 6 months 
A) 2 weeks 
B) 90 days 
C) 120 days 
D) 6 months

Question 5

Why is the mature erythrocyte unable to synthesize proteins or lipids?

Accepted Answer

A) It has no nucleus. 
B) It has no ribonucleic acid (RN
A) . 
C) It cannot generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP). 
D) Carrying oxygen interferes with synthesis. 
A) It has no nucleus. 
B) It has no ribonucleic acid (RN
A) . 
C) It cannot generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP). 
D) Carrying oxygen interferes with synthesis.

Question 6

The principle energy source for mature red blood cells (RBCs)is

Accepted Answer

A) the Krebs cycle. 
B) the hexose monophosphate pathway. 
C) ATP generated from anaerobic glycolysis. 
D) adenosine diphosphate (ADP) generated from aerobic glycolysis. 
A) the Krebs cycle. 
B) the hexose monophosphate pathway. 
C) ATP generated from anaerobic glycolysis. 
D) adenosine diphosphate (ADP) generated from aerobic glycolysis.

Question 7

Select the metabolic pathway that converts toxic hydrogen peroxide produced by oxidant drugs to water:

Accepted Answer

A) Embden-Meyerhof pathway (EMP) 
B) 2,3-biphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG) 
C) methemoglobin reductase reaction 
D) hexose monophosphate pathway 
A) Embden-Meyerhof pathway (EMP) 
B) 2,3-biphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG) 
C) methemoglobin reductase reaction 
D) hexose monophosphate pathway

Question 8

What components of the erythrocyte membrane are responsible for its negative charge and are also blood group antigens?

Accepted Answer

A) peripheral proteins 
B) cholesterol 
C) cation pumps 
D) transmembrane proteins 
A) peripheral proteins 
B) cholesterol 
C) cation pumps 
D) transmembrane proteins

Question 9

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)is

Accepted Answer

A) an extremely rare enzyme deficiency. 
B) necessary to maintain reduced glutathione in the mature red cell. 
C) important for the production of ATP in the mature red cell. 
D) important for the transport of carbon dioxide by the mature red cell. 
A) an extremely rare enzyme deficiency. 
B) necessary to maintain reduced glutathione in the mature red cell. 
C) important for the production of ATP in the mature red cell. 
D) important for the transport of carbon dioxide by the mature red cell.

Question 10

Which of the following is the metabolic pathway that regulates oxygen delivery to tissues?

Accepted Answer

A) EMP 
B) 2,3-BPG 
C) methemoglobin reductase reaction 
D) hexose monophosphate pathway 
A) EMP 
B) 2,3-BPG 
C) methemoglobin reductase reaction 
D) hexose monophosphate pathway

Question 11

Which of the following is most responsible for the strength and pliancy of the red cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) glycophorin A 
B) spectrin 
C) cholesterol 
D) ankyrin 
A) glycophorin A 
B) spectrin 
C) cholesterol 
D) ankyrin

Question 12

Which of the following is the metabolic pathway that generates a net gain of two molecules of ATP for erythrocyte energy needs?

Accepted Answer

A) EMP 
B) 2,3-BPG 
C) methemoglobin reductase reaction 
D) hexose monophosphate pathway 
A) EMP 
B) 2,3-BPG 
C) methemoglobin reductase reaction 
D) hexose monophosphate pathway

Question 13

Which of the following erythrocyte activities requires energy?

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen delivery 
B) carbon dioxide exchange 
C) glucose transport into the RBC 
D) protecting proteins from oxidative damage 
A) oxygen delivery 
B) carbon dioxide exchange 
C) glucose transport into the RBC 
D) protecting proteins from oxidative damage

Exam 9: Erythrocyte Metabolism and Membrane Structure and Function

What is the fate of erythrocytes when anaerobic metabolic enzymes are reduced in concentration or absent?

What important function does 2,3-BPG perform?

What is responsible for erythrocyte deformability and maintaining cell shape?

What is the normal life span of a red cell in circulation?

Why is the mature erythrocyte unable to synthesize proteins or lipids?

The principle energy source for mature red blood cells (RBCs)is

Select the metabolic pathway that converts toxic hydrogen peroxide produced by oxidant drugs to water:

What components of the erythrocyte membrane are responsible for its negative charge and are also blood group antigens?

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)is

Which of the following is the metabolic pathway that regulates oxygen delivery to tissues?

Which of the following is most responsible for the strength and pliancy of the red cell membrane?

Which of the following is the metabolic pathway that generates a net gain of two molecules of ATP for erythrocyte energy needs?

Which of the following erythrocyte activities requires energy?

An Overview of Clinical Laboratory Hematology

Safety in the Hematology Laboratory

Blood Specimen Collection

Care and Use of the Microscope

Quality Assurance in Hematology and Hemostasis Testing

Cellular Structure and Function

Hematopoiesis

Erythrocyte Production and Destruction

Hemoglobin Metabolism

Iron Kinetics and Laboratory Assessment

Leukocyte Development, Kinetics, and Functions

Platelet Production, Structure, and Function

Manual, Semiautomated and Point-of-Care Testing in Hematology

Automated Blood Cell Analysis

Examination of the Peripheral Blood Film and Correlation with the Complete Blood Count

Bone Marrow Examination

Body Fluid Analysis in the Hematology Laboratory

Anemias: Red Blood Cell Morphology and Approach to Diagnosis

Disorders of Iron Kinetics and Heme Metabolism

Anemias Caused by Defects of DNA Metabolism

Bone Marrow Failure

Introduction to Increased Destruction of Erythrocytes

Intrinsic Defects Leading to Increased Erythrocyte Destruction

Extrinsic Defects Leading to Increased Erythrocyte Destruction Nonimmune Causes

Extrinsic Defects Leading to Increased Erythrocyte Destruction Immune Causes

Hemoglobinopathies (Structural Defects in Hemoglobin)

Thalassemias

Nonmalignant Leukocyte Disorders

Cytogenetics

Molecular Diagnostics in Hematopathology

Flow Cytometric Analysis in Hematologic Disorders

Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Acute Leukemias

Mature Lymphoid Neoplasms

Normal Hemostasis and Coagulation

Hemorrhagic Disorders and Laboratory Assessment

Thrombotic Disorders and Laboratory Assessment

Thrombocytopenia and Thrombocytosis

Qualitative Disorders of Platelets and Vasculature

Laboratory Evaluation of Hemostasis

Antithrombotic Therapies and their Laboratory Assessment

Hemostasis and Coagulation Instrumentation

Pediatric and Geriatric Hematology and Hemostasis

Filters