Question 1

Factors that may affect the passage of materials across cell membranes include

Accepted Answer

A)  concentration. 
B)  size. 
C)  time. 
D)  charge. 
E)  all of the above answers. 
A)  concentration. 
B)  size. 
C)  time. 
D)  charge. 
E)  all of the above answers.

Question 2

The second law of thermodynamics states that all energytransformations resultin an increase in entropy (disorder). If so, how does photosynthesis, which is an energy transformation, create order rather than disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plants do not obey the second law of thermodynamics. 
B)  Plants take highly ordered molecules like glucose and break them into smaller disordered molecules like carbon dioxide and water. 
C)  Plants do not have mitochondria like animals and therefore cannot create disorder. 
D)  The tree takes in small disordered molecules like carbon dioxide from the air and water from the earth and using solar energy produce highly ordered sugar molecules likeglucose. 
E)  Photosynthesis does not actually create order. 
A)  Plants do not obey the second law of thermodynamics. 
B)  Plants take highly ordered molecules like glucose and break them into smaller disordered molecules like carbon dioxide and water. 
C)  Plants do not have mitochondria like animals and therefore cannot create disorder. 
D)  The tree takes in small disordered molecules like carbon dioxide from the air and water from the earth and using solar energy produce highly ordered sugar molecules likeglucose. 
E)  Photosynthesis does not actually create order.

Question 3

Which energy association is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Kinetic energy is energy of motion. 
B)  Water stored behind a dam is an example of kinetic energy. 
C)  Energy in the chemical bonds of a molecule is kinetic energy. 
D)  Potential energy must be used immediately or it is lost. 
E)  Light energy is a form of chemical energy. 
A)  Kinetic energy is energy of motion. 
B)  Water stored behind a dam is an example of kinetic energy. 
C)  Energy in the chemical bonds of a molecule is kinetic energy. 
D)  Potential energy must be used immediately or it is lost. 
E)  Light energy is a form of chemical energy.

Question 4

Which of the following correctly lists the order in which energy flows through an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

A)  solar energy - mitochondria - chloroplast 
B)  chloroplast - solar energy - mitochondria 
C)  solar energy - chloroplast - mitochondria 
D)  mitochondria - solar energy - chloroplast 
E)  chloroplast - mitochondria - solar energy 
A)  solar energy - mitochondria - chloroplast 
B)  chloroplast - solar energy - mitochondria 
C)  solar energy - chloroplast - mitochondria 
D)  mitochondria - solar energy - chloroplast 
E)  chloroplast - mitochondria - solar energy

Question 5

Simple diffusion across a plasma membrane is called passive transport because it

Accepted Answer

A)  does not require the presence of an enzyme. 
B)  requires energy from the cell. 
C)  does not require energy from the cell. 
D)  does not require control by the nucleus. 
E)  moves molecules from low to high concentration. 
A)  does not require the presence of an enzyme. 
B)  requires energy from the cell. 
C)  does not require energy from the cell. 
D)  does not require control by the nucleus. 
E)  moves molecules from low to high concentration.

Question 6

ATP is a good source of energy for a cell because

Accepted Answer

A)  it is able to be used in only one type of reaction. 
B)  its breakdown is coupled with energy-requiring reactions. 
C)  it provides excess energy for cellular reactions. 
D)  it is not reusable. 
E)  it takes no energy to make it. 
A)  it is able to be used in only one type of reaction. 
B)  its breakdown is coupled with energy-requiring reactions. 
C)  it provides excess energy for cellular reactions. 
D)  it is not reusable. 
E)  it takes no energy to make it.

Question 7

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the first law of thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but it can be changed from one form to another. 
B)  One usable form of energy cannot be completely converted into another usable form. 
C)  One usable form of energy can be completely converted into another usable form. 
D)  Energy cannot be created or destroyed. 
E)  Energy cannot be transformed. 
A)  Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but it can be changed from one form to another. 
B)  One usable form of energy cannot be completely converted into another usable form. 
C)  One usable form of energy can be completely converted into another usable form. 
D)  Energy cannot be created or destroyed. 
E)  Energy cannot be transformed.

Question 8

When a potted houseplant is wilting, the addition of water quickly changes the look of the plant. This can be accounted for by which of the following statements?

Accepted Answer

A)  The water creates a hypertonic environment causing the cells to lose water. 
B)  The water creates a hypotonic environment causing cells to lose water. 
C)  The water creates a hypertonic environment causing the cells to gain water. 
D)  The water creates a hypotonic environment causing the cells to gain water. 
E)  The water creates an isotonic environment that allows for the cells to neither gain nor lose water. 
A)  The water creates a hypertonic environment causing the cells to lose water. 
B)  The water creates a hypotonic environment causing cells to lose water. 
C)  The water creates a hypertonic environment causing the cells to gain water. 
D)  The water creates a hypotonic environment causing the cells to gain water. 
E)  The water creates an isotonic environment that allows for the cells to neither gain nor lose water.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of osmosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose is transported from our blood stream across cell membranes and into the cytoplasm. 
B)  Sodium is pumped across a cell to increase its concentration on one side of the cell membrane. 
C)  The fragrance from a broken bottle of perfume travels throughout the department store. 
D)  A bacterium in the blood stream is engulfed by a white blood cell. 
E)  Cells in our kidneys reabsorb water to reduce the amount of water lost in our urine. 
A)  Glucose is transported from our blood stream across cell membranes and into the cytoplasm. 
B)  Sodium is pumped across a cell to increase its concentration on one side of the cell membrane. 
C)  The fragrance from a broken bottle of perfume travels throughout the department store. 
D)  A bacterium in the blood stream is engulfed by a white blood cell. 
E)  Cells in our kidneys reabsorb water to reduce the amount of water lost in our urine.

Question 10

Which of the following methods of transport uses a coated pit to take in a specific type of molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  passive transport 
B)  receptor-mediated endocytosis 
C)  osmosis 
D)  exocytosis 
E)  facilitated diffusion 
A)  passive transport 
B)  receptor-mediated endocytosis 
C)  osmosis 
D)  exocytosis 
E)  facilitated diffusion

Question 11

ATP breakdown provides the energy necessary for muscle contraction. This is an example of which concept?

Accepted Answer

A)  coupled reactions 
B)  the first law of thermodynamics 
C)  enzyme inhibition 
D)  receptor-mediated endocytosis 
E)  active transport 
A)  coupled reactions 
B)  the first law of thermodynamics 
C)  enzyme inhibition 
D)  receptor-mediated endocytosis 
E)  active transport

Question 12

What is the biological risk of using salt on icy roads in parts of the country that have a cold winter season?

Accepted Answer

A)  The salt has the risk of leeching into the ground and creating a hypertonic environment for plant cells. 
B)  Plant root cells will grow in excess to try to reach fresh water. 
C)  Plant cells will take on excess water from the melted ice and become turgid. 
D)  Salt is in limited supply in the ecosystem and this type of overuse will make it even more so. 
E)  The deer in these areas have the danger of consuming too much of it as they forage for food. 
A)  The salt has the risk of leeching into the ground and creating a hypertonic environment for plant cells. 
B)  Plant root cells will grow in excess to try to reach fresh water. 
C)  Plant cells will take on excess water from the melted ice and become turgid. 
D)  Salt is in limited supply in the ecosystem and this type of overuse will make it even more so. 
E)  The deer in these areas have the danger of consuming too much of it as they forage for food.

Question 13

If the concentration of the solute is the same in the cell as it is in the surrounding solution, the cell is in a(n) _________________environment.

Accepted Answer

A)  isotonic. 
B)  hypertonic. 
C)  hypotonic. 
D)  osmotonic. 
E)  saturated. 
A)  isotonic. 
B)  hypertonic. 
C)  hypotonic. 
D)  osmotonic. 
E)  saturated.

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of simple diffusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Salting meat serves as a preservative. 
B)  Vegetables placed in fresh water firm up. 
C)  A sugar cube dissolves in coffee. 
D)  Strawberries placed in sugar become syrupy. 
E)  Eating salty popcorn makes people's lips dry. 
A)  Salting meat serves as a preservative. 
B)  Vegetables placed in fresh water firm up. 
C)  A sugar cube dissolves in coffee. 
D)  Strawberries placed in sugar become syrupy. 
E)  Eating salty popcorn makes people's lips dry.

Question 15

When a car burns gasoline, much of the energy is released in the form of heat.Which of the following best describes this process in relation to the first law of thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

A)  energy is conserved 
B)  energy can be changed from one form to another 
C)  energy is often destroyed 
D)  all energy comes from the sun 
E)  energy is always used up in reactions 
A)  energy is conserved 
B)  energy can be changed from one form to another 
C)  energy is often destroyed 
D)  all energy comes from the sun 
E)  energy is always used up in reactions

Question 16

Which of the following is a byproduct of photosynthesis that is used during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen 
B)  NADH 
C)  carbon dioxide 
D)  ATP 
E)  FADH 2 
A)  oxygen 
B)  NADH 
C)  carbon dioxide 
D)  ATP 
E)  FADH 2

Question 17

Which of the following terms best describes entropy?

Accepted Answer

A)  order 
B)  disorder 
C)  potential energy 
D)  kinetic energy 
E)  energy conversions 
A)  order 
B)  disorder 
C)  potential energy 
D)  kinetic energy 
E)  energy conversions

Question 18

A tube with a membrane covering the bottom is placed in a beaker. The membrane allows water to flow through but not salt or glucose. If the tube contains an aqueous solution with4% salt and 20% glucose and the beaker contains an aqueous solution with 12% salt and 6% glucose, what would happen to the level of the water in the tube?

Accepted Answer

A)  The level of the solution in the tube would rise because there are more dissolved solutes present in the beaker than in the tube. 
B)  The level of the solution in the tube would lower because the glucose and salt would move into the tube. 
C)  The level of the solution in the tube would rise because there are more dissolved solutes in the tube than the beaker. 
D)  The level of the solution would not change as the membrane prohibits any exchange between the tube and the beaker. 
E)  The level of solution in the tube would not change because the solute levels are equal on both sides. 
A)  The level of the solution in the tube would rise because there are more dissolved solutes present in the beaker than in the tube. 
B)  The level of the solution in the tube would lower because the glucose and salt would move into the tube. 
C)  The level of the solution in the tube would rise because there are more dissolved solutes in the tube than the beaker. 
D)  The level of the solution would not change as the membrane prohibits any exchange between the tube and the beaker. 
E)  The level of solution in the tube would not change because the solute levels are equal on both sides.

Question 19

During an osmosis experiment in class, you look at some cells under the microscope. You notice the cells look shriveled. What type of solution were the cells immersed in?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypotonic 
B)  isotonic 
C)  hypertonic 
D)  diffuse 
E)  ionic 
A)  hypotonic 
B)  isotonic 
C)  hypertonic 
D)  diffuse 
E)  ionic

Question 20

Which of the areas shown in the figure below indicates the presence of an enzyme?

Accepted Answer

A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  d 
E)  Both a & d 
A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  d 
E)  Both a & d

Exam 5: The Dynamic Cell

Factors that may affect the passage of materials across cell membranes include

The second law of thermodynamics states that all energytransformations resultin an increase in entropy (disorder). If so, how does photosynthesis, which is an energy transformation, create order rather than disorder?

Which energy association is correct?

Which of the following correctly lists the order in which energy flows through an ecosystem?

Simple diffusion across a plasma membrane is called passive transport because it

ATP is a good source of energy for a cell because

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the first law of thermodynamics?

When a potted houseplant is wilting, the addition of water quickly changes the look of the plant. This can be accounted for by which of the following statements?

Which of the following is an example of osmosis?

Which of the following methods of transport uses a coated pit to take in a specific type of molecule?

ATP breakdown provides the energy necessary for muscle contraction. This is an example of which concept?

What is the biological risk of using salt on icy roads in parts of the country that have a cold winter season?

If the concentration of the solute is the same in the cell as it is in the surrounding solution, the cell is in a(n) _________________environment.

Which of the following is an example of simple diffusion?

When a car burns gasoline, much of the energy is released in the form of heat.Which of the following best describes this process in relation to the first law of thermodynamics?

Which of the following is a byproduct of photosynthesis that is used during cellular respiration?

Which of the following terms best describes entropy?

During an osmosis experiment in class, you look at some cells under the microscope. You notice the cells look shriveled. What type of solution were the cells immersed in?

Which of the areas shown in the figure below indicates the presence of an enzyme?

Biology: the Science of Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Organic Molecules of Life

Inside the Cell

Energy for Life

Energy for Cells

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and the Genetic Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna Biology

Biotechnology and Genomics

Mutations and Genetic Testing

Darwin and Evolution

Evolution on a Small Scale

Evolution on a Large Scale

Viruses, Bacteria, and Protists

Plants and Fungi

Animals

Plant Anatomy and Growth

Plant Responses and Reproduction

Being Organized and Steady

The Transport Systems

The Maintenance Systems

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Defenses Against Disease

The Control Systems

Sensory Input and Motor Output

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Ecology and Populations

Communities and Ecosystems

Human Impact on the Biosphere

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