Question 1

Which of these lists the events of an action potential in the correct order?

Accepted Answer

A)  Na + gates open→inside of axon becomes positive→Na + gates close→K + gates open→inside of axon becomes negative 
B)  K + gates open→inside of axon becomes positive→K + gates close→Na + gates open→inside of axon becomes negative 
C)  K + gates open→inside of axon becomes negative→K + gates close→Na + gates open→inside of axon becomes positive 
D)  Na + gates open→inside of axon becomes negative→Na + gates close→K + gates open→inside of axon becomes positive 
E)  Na + gates open→inside of axon becomes positive→K + gates close→Na + gates open→inside of axon becomes negative 
A)  Na + gates open→inside of axon becomes positive→Na + gates close→K + gates open→inside of axon becomes negative 
B)  K + gates open→inside of axon becomes positive→K + gates close→Na + gates open→inside of axon becomes negative 
C)  K + gates open→inside of axon becomes negative→K + gates close→Na + gates open→inside of axon becomes positive 
D)  Na + gates open→inside of axon becomes negative→Na + gates close→K + gates open→inside of axon becomes positive 
E)  Na + gates open→inside of axon becomes positive→K + gates close→Na + gates open→inside of axon becomes negative

Question 2

Your teenage son comes home late on Friday night and is acting strange. His behavior includes the following characteristics: high agitation, violent behavior, and irritability. These traits are far different from his normal behavior. As a parent you suspect he may have taken a drug. Which drug did he most likely take?

Accepted Answer

A)  cocaine 
B)  methamphetamine 
C)  marijuana 
D)  alcohol 
E)  crack 
A)  cocaine 
B)  methamphetamine 
C)  marijuana 
D)  alcohol 
E)  crack

Question 3

Which of the following is part of both the nervous and endocrine systems, and is crucial to maintenance of homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

A)  adrenal medulla 
B)  thyroid gland 
C)  hypothalamus 
D)  thalamus 
E)  medulla oblongata 
A)  adrenal medulla 
B)  thyroid gland 
C)  hypothalamus 
D)  thalamus 
E)  medulla oblongata

Question 4

The arrow shows the direction of the nerve impulse in a neuron. Where is the neurotransmitter released from the neuron?

Accepted Answer

A)  axon 
B)  dendrite 
C)  cell body 
D)  myelin sheath 
E)  axon terminal 
A)  axon 
B)  dendrite 
C)  cell body 
D)  myelin sheath 
E)  axon terminal

Question 5

Which of these works by inhibiting dopamine reuptake into synapses?

Accepted Answer

A)  cocaine 
B)  THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) 
C)  heroin 
D)  marijuana 
E)  all drugs of abuse 
A)  cocaine 
B)  THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) 
C)  heroin 
D)  marijuana 
E)  all drugs of abuse

Question 6

Gaps in the myelin sheath are termed

Accepted Answer

A)  nodes of Ranvier. 
B)  interaxons. 
C)  ganglia. 
D)  clefts. 
E)  synapses. 
A)  nodes of Ranvier. 
B)  interaxons. 
C)  ganglia. 
D)  clefts. 
E)  synapses.

Question 7

A patient who has recently undergone surgery to remove tumors from his thyroid gland suddenly begins to tremble violently from head to toe because his nerves have become too excitable. Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  Too much thyroid tissue was removed, and without oxytocin, blood calcium levels fell too low. 
B)  The parathyroid glands were removed, and without parathyroid hormone (PTH), blood calcium levels rose too high. 
C)  The parathyroid glands were removed, and without parathyroid hormone (PTH), blood calcium levels fell too low. 
D)  Too much thyroid tissue was removed, and without calcitonin, blood calcium levels fell too low. 
E)  The hypothalamus was removed, and without it releasing hormones, blood calcium levels fell too low. 
A)  Too much thyroid tissue was removed, and without oxytocin, blood calcium levels fell too low. 
B)  The parathyroid glands were removed, and without parathyroid hormone (PTH), blood calcium levels rose too high. 
C)  The parathyroid glands were removed, and without parathyroid hormone (PTH), blood calcium levels fell too low. 
D)  Too much thyroid tissue was removed, and without calcitonin, blood calcium levels fell too low. 
E)  The hypothalamus was removed, and without it releasing hormones, blood calcium levels fell too low.

Question 8

Which of these is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  diencephalon - thalamus 
B)  brain stem - medulla oblongata 
C)  cerebral cortex - occipital lobe 
D)  cerebellum - midbrain 
E)  frontal lobe - prefrontal area 
A)  diencephalon - thalamus 
B)  brain stem - medulla oblongata 
C)  cerebral cortex - occipital lobe 
D)  cerebellum - midbrain 
E)  frontal lobe - prefrontal area

Question 9

Which ion needs to be pumped to the exterior of the axon in order to generate a nerve impulse?

Accepted Answer

A)  Na+ 
B)  K+ 
C)  Ca+ 
D)  H+ 
E)  Cl- 
A)  Na+ 
B)  K+ 
C)  Ca+ 
D)  H+ 
E)  Cl-

Question 10

Contraction of the uterus during childbirth is stimulated by

Accepted Answer

A)  prolactin. 
B)  luteinizing hormone (LH). 
C)  oxytocin. 
D)  glucagon. 
E)  parathyroid hormone (PTH). 
A)  prolactin. 
B)  luteinizing hormone (LH). 
C)  oxytocin. 
D)  glucagon. 
E)  parathyroid hormone (PTH).

Question 11

You aren't normally aware of ongoing sensory stimulation, such as the touch of clothing on your skin. What part of your brain is responsible for this "filtering" of sensory input?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus 
B)  medulla oblongata 
C)  cerebral cortex 
D)  cerebellum 
E)  thalamus 
A)  hypothalamus 
B)  medulla oblongata 
C)  cerebral cortex 
D)  cerebellum 
E)  thalamus

Question 12

Following a severe head injury, a patient has uncontrollable, unfocused feelings of rage. What has most likely been damaged?

Accepted Answer

A)  medulla oblongata 
B)  limbic system 
C)  pineal gland 
D)  primary motor area 
E)  cerebellum 
A)  medulla oblongata 
B)  limbic system 
C)  pineal gland 
D)  primary motor area 
E)  cerebellum

Question 13

Which of these represents the flow of information in a spinal reflex arc in the correct order?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory axon→sensory neuron→spinal cord→interneuron→effector→motor axon→motor neuron 
B)  motor neuron→motor axon→spinal cord→interneuron→sensory neuron→sensory axon→effector 
C)  sensory receptor→motor axon→interneuron→motor neuron→spinal cord→sensory axon→effector 
D)  sensory receptors→sensory axon→spinal cord→interneuron→motor neuron→motor axons→effector 
E)  sensory axon→motor neuron→spinal cord→interneuron→effector→sensory receptor→motor axon 
A)  sensory axon→sensory neuron→spinal cord→interneuron→effector→motor axon→motor neuron 
B)  motor neuron→motor axon→spinal cord→interneuron→sensory neuron→sensory axon→effector 
C)  sensory receptor→motor axon→interneuron→motor neuron→spinal cord→sensory axon→effector 
D)  sensory receptors→sensory axon→spinal cord→interneuron→motor neuron→motor axons→effector 
E)  sensory axon→motor neuron→spinal cord→interneuron→effector→sensory receptor→motor axon

Question 14

Which of these is a region of close proximity between an axon terminal and the next cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  dendrite 
B)  nucleus 
C)  cell body 
D)  axon 
E)  synapse 
A)  dendrite 
B)  nucleus 
C)  cell body 
D)  axon 
E)  synapse

Exam 27: The Control Systems

Which of these lists the events of an action potential in the correct order?

Which of the following is part of both the nervous and endocrine systems, and is crucial to maintenance of homeostasis?

The arrow shows the direction of the nerve impulse in a neuron. Where is the neurotransmitter released from the neuron?

Which of these works by inhibiting dopamine reuptake into synapses?

Gaps in the myelin sheath are termed

A patient who has recently undergone surgery to remove tumors from his thyroid gland suddenly begins to tremble violently from head to toe because his nerves have become too excitable. Why?

Which of these is mismatched?

Which ion needs to be pumped to the exterior of the axon in order to generate a nerve impulse?

Contraction of the uterus during childbirth is stimulated by

You aren't normally aware of ongoing sensory stimulation, such as the touch of clothing on your skin. What part of your brain is responsible for this "filtering" of sensory input?

Following a severe head injury, a patient has uncontrollable, unfocused feelings of rage. What has most likely been damaged?

Which of these represents the flow of information in a spinal reflex arc in the correct order?

Which of these is a region of close proximity between an axon terminal and the next cell?

Biology: the Science of Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Organic Molecules of Life

Inside the Cell

The Dynamic Cell

Energy for Life

Energy for Cells

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and the Genetic Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna Biology

Biotechnology and Genomics

Mutations and Genetic Testing

Darwin and Evolution

Evolution on a Small Scale

Evolution on a Large Scale

Viruses, Bacteria, and Protists

Plants and Fungi

Animals

Plant Anatomy and Growth

Plant Responses and Reproduction

Being Organized and Steady

The Transport Systems

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Digestion and Human Nutrition

Defenses Against Disease

Sensory Input and Motor Output

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Ecology and Populations

Communities and Ecosystems

Human Impact on the Biosphere

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