Exam 7: Cognition: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

John takes a personality test titled "What Dog Breed Are You?" As he takes the test, he notices some items that he could answer honestly in different ways. So he takes the test numerous times, answering with different combinations of honest responses. Each time, the results reveal that he is a "Doberman Pinscher." He reads the description and finds it to be a surprisingly accurate portrayal of his personality. In this situation, the test appears to be:

"It's not what you say, it's how you say it." Discuss what is meant by this common saying as it relates to extralinguistic information. Also provide an example of a time you encountered a miscommunication due to misunderstanding of extralinguistic information.

Define grammar, and describe how its complexity progresses from phonemes, morphemes, syntax, and semantics; be sure to provide an example of each level.

The social-pragmatic theory of language development suggests that:

_____-based concepts are held together by the connection between people or things, whereas _____-based concepts are held together by the same purpose.

A school psychologist administers an intelligence test to fifth-graders at all elementary schools across the state. Statistically speaking, which would be the LEAST likely result?

Define mental set, framing, and confirmation bias, and provide examples of how they influence problem solving.

Which concept is LEAST related to the nativist theory of language development?

What are the three levels into which psychologists often organize concepts?

Which statement BEST exemplifies a feature-based concept?

Cognition is BEST defined as:

Which statement about concepts is FALSE? Concepts:

An algorithm is BEST exemplified by which action?

_____ theory of language development is to nature as _____ theories of language development are to nurture.

Which statement about problem solving and decision making is FALSE?

Juanita asks her classmate Tamara what she thinks about a student who's new to the program, Rebecca. Tamara responds, "Hmmm, I actually don't know Rebecca very well; but she seems . . . interesting," and then quickly walks away. Juanita is left unsure whether Tamara was describing Rebecca in a positive or negative way. Juanita's uncertainty of how Tamara actually feels about Rebecca is due to the _____ she provided.

Sounds that serve as the smallest distinct unit of speech are called:

A(n) _____ is an assessment technique used by psychologists to numerically measure intelligence.

A group's particular version of a language with its own unique characteristics such as the way sentences are structured, the expressions that are used, and word choice is called:

Compare the nativist theory of language development with the nonnativist theories. Considering the research findings related to each position, which side of the nature versus nurture debate do you fall on this topic, and why?