Question 1

Which statement does NOT provide an example of how children elicit reactions from other people?

Accepted Answer

A) Attractive babies are treated more affectionately than are unattractive babies. 
B) Children with difficult temperaments are treated less positively by their parents than are children with easy temperaments. 
C) Children who show an interest in learning are more likely to be given extra assignments from their teachers than are children who do not show an interest in learning. 
D) Children who have poor emotional regulation tend to have parents with poor emotional regulation. 
A) Attractive babies are treated more affectionately than are unattractive babies. 
B) Children with difficult temperaments are treated less positively by their parents than are children with easy temperaments. 
C) Children who show an interest in learning are more likely to be given extra assignments from their teachers than are children who do not show an interest in learning. 
D) Children who have poor emotional regulation tend to have parents with poor emotional regulation.

Question 2

Which statement BEST summarizes the relationship between nature and nurture and their effect on child development?

Accepted Answer

A) Nature creates nurture. 
B) Nature and nurture are in constant interaction. 
C) Sometimes nature; sometimes nurture. 
D) First nature, then nurture. 
A) Nature creates nurture. 
B) Nature and nurture are in constant interaction. 
C) Sometimes nature; sometimes nurture. 
D) First nature, then nurture.

Question 3

An example of children's active interpretation of their experiences is

Accepted Answer

A) their informal theories of living things. 
B) the loss of the stepping reflex. 
C) the elicitation of harsh discipline by difficult toddlers. 
D) attachment formation. 
A) their informal theories of living things. 
B) the loss of the stepping reflex. 
C) the elicitation of harsh discipline by difficult toddlers. 
D) attachment formation.

Question 4

Sensitive periods occur in which domains of development?

Accepted Answer

A) physical and cognitive 
B) physical, cognitive, and intellectual 
C) physical, cognitive, intellectual, and social 
D) physical, cognitive, intellectual, social, and emotional 
A) physical and cognitive 
B) physical, cognitive, and intellectual 
C) physical, cognitive, intellectual, and social 
D) physical, cognitive, intellectual, social, and emotional

Question 5

Knowledge of child-development research can inform social policy decisions of both citizens and politicians. Which social policy area is NOT impacted by research findings?

Accepted Answer

A) maternity leave 
B) childcare 
C) eyewitness testimony 
D) parenting 
A) maternity leave 
B) childcare 
C) eyewitness testimony 
D) parenting

Question 6

Mark was generally a shy toddler. Based on the continuity of personality characteristics, it can be expected that Mark will be _____ as an adult.

Accepted Answer

A) shy 
B) exuberant 
C) extraverted 
D) intelligent 
A) shy 
B) exuberant 
C) extraverted 
D) intelligent

Question 7

Which statement about the effect of timing on the relation between nature and nurture is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Nature only influences the nurture of human beings once they are born. 
B) Nurture only influences the nature of human beings once they are born. 
C) The effects of a particular kind of nurture depend on the nature of the child at the time of the experience. 
D) A particular kind of nurture will generally exert its effect regardless of the nature of the child at the time of the experience. 
A) Nature only influences the nurture of human beings once they are born. 
B) Nurture only influences the nature of human beings once they are born. 
C) The effects of a particular kind of nurture depend on the nature of the child at the time of the experience. 
D) A particular kind of nurture will generally exert its effect regardless of the nature of the child at the time of the experience.

Question 8

Which statement does NOT present an example of the importance of timing on the relation between nature and nurture?

Accepted Answer

A) Infants who are impulsive are more likely than other infants to exhibit antisocial behaviour in later childhood. 
B) If infants who are born with a defect that inhibits their ability to focus their eyes on the same point are not given restorative surgery by the age of 3, they will never have normal depth perception. 
C) Infants have the ability to hear differences in phonemes that are not important in their native language, but they lose this ability after 12 months of age. 
D) Maternal rubella causes visual and auditory damage to the fetus when the rubella occurs early in pregnancy, but not when it occurs late in pregnancy. 
A) Infants who are impulsive are more likely than other infants to exhibit antisocial behaviour in later childhood. 
B) If infants who are born with a defect that inhibits their ability to focus their eyes on the same point are not given restorative surgery by the age of 3, they will never have normal depth perception. 
C) Infants have the ability to hear differences in phonemes that are not important in their native language, but they lose this ability after 12 months of age. 
D) Maternal rubella causes visual and auditory damage to the fetus when the rubella occurs early in pregnancy, but not when it occurs late in pregnancy.

Question 9

Imagine two of your friends are arguing about whether nature or nurture is more important in human development. One friend argues that nature is more important and that nurture only influences children's development in minor ways. The other friend insists that nurture is more important and that any two children placed in the same environment will develop in nearly the same manner. Your friends then ask for your opinion. Are you able to answer the question of whether nature or nurture is more important? Why or why not? What have you learned in this course that can convince your friends of your position? Give at least three examples and be specific in your argument.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Imagine two of your friends are arguing...

Question 10

Whether one primarily sees continuities or discontinuities in development is, to a great deal, dependent on which factor?

Accepted Answer

A) domain of development 
B) whether one is looking at infants, young children, older children, or adolescents 
C) the breadth of one's focus 
D) whether one considers nature or nurture to be at the core of development 
A) domain of development 
B) whether one is looking at infants, young children, older children, or adolescents 
C) the breadth of one's focus 
D) whether one considers nature or nurture to be at the core of development

Question 11

Gender-segregated play is not generally imposed upon children by adults but rather initiated by the children themselves. This demonstrates that gender segregation is a

Accepted Answer

A) self-initiated activity. 
B) behavioural change mechanism. 
C) cognitive change mechanism. 
D) biological change mechanism. 
A) self-initiated activity. 
B) behavioural change mechanism. 
C) cognitive change mechanism. 
D) biological change mechanism.

Question 12

Which assertion is TRUE of prenatal development?

Accepted Answer

A) Prenatal development is essentially completely due to nature, except when teratogens are involved. 
B) Prenatal development is purely the unfolding of innate potential. 
C) There are innumerable interactions between nature and nurture in the womb. 
D) The interaction of nature and nurture is limited to the control of the effects of nurture by the nature of the mother. 
A) Prenatal development is essentially completely due to nature, except when teratogens are involved. 
B) Prenatal development is purely the unfolding of innate potential. 
C) There are innumerable interactions between nature and nurture in the womb. 
D) The interaction of nature and nurture is limited to the control of the effects of nurture by the nature of the mother.

Question 13

Which aspect of nature does not reveal itself completely at birth?

Accepted Answer

A) attractiveness 
B) nearsightedness 
C) brain damage 
D) intelligence 
A) attractiveness 
B) nearsightedness 
C) brain damage 
D) intelligence

Question 14

Which of these does NOT demonstrate that nature does not all reveal itself at birth?

Accepted Answer

A) pubertal development 
B) nearsightedness 
C) depression during adolescence 
D) the social smile 
A) pubertal development 
B) nearsightedness 
C) depression during adolescence 
D) the social smile

Question 15

When do nature and nurture begin interacting?

Accepted Answer

A) prenatally 
B) at birth 
C) in infancy 
D) after infancy 
A) prenatally 
B) at birth 
C) in infancy 
D) after infancy

Question 16

An example of a biological change mechanism is

Accepted Answer

A) conditioning. 
B) habituation. 
C) synaptic pruning. 
D) children's informal theories. 
A) conditioning. 
B) habituation. 
C) synaptic pruning. 
D) children's informal theories.

Question 17

Which variable is NOT an example of the sociocultural context of development?

Accepted Answer

A) economic circumstances in which children live 
B) country in which children live 
C) time period in which children live 
D) cognitive processes 
A) economic circumstances in which children live 
B) country in which children live 
C) time period in which children live 
D) cognitive processes

Question 18

Describe a specific aspect of development that interests you (e.g., development of speech, development of friendships, development of understanding of gravity) and describe three mechanisms of change that you believe may be involved.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe a specific aspect of development that...

Question 19

_____ is/are NOT an example(s) of a general cognitive process that contributes to development.

Accepted Answer

A) Content knowledge 
B) Metacognition 
C) Strategies 
D) Scaffolding 
A) Content knowledge 
B) Metacognition 
C) Strategies 
D) Scaffolding

Question 20

Which statement provides an example of a cognitive change mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A) Synapses that are not needed are reduced. 
B) Individuals generalize from one instance to another. 
C) Children who are athletic seek out athletic activities. 
D) Parents use social scaffolding to help children learn. 
A) Synapses that are not needed are reduced. 
B) Individuals generalize from one instance to another. 
C) Children who are athletic seek out athletic activities. 
D) Parents use social scaffolding to help children learn.

Which statement does NOT provide an example of how children elicit reactions from other people?

Which statement BEST summarizes the relationship between nature and nurture and their effect on child development?

An example of children's active interpretation of their experiences is

Sensitive periods occur in which domains of development?

Knowledge of child-development research can inform social policy decisions of both citizens and politicians. Which social policy area is NOT impacted by research findings?

Mark was generally a shy toddler. Based on the continuity of personality characteristics, it can be expected that Mark will be _____ as an adult.

Which statement about the effect of timing on the relation between nature and nurture is TRUE?

Which statement does NOT present an example of the importance of timing on the relation between nature and nurture?

Whether one primarily sees continuities or discontinuities in development is, to a great deal, dependent on which factor?

Gender-segregated play is not generally imposed upon children by adults but rather initiated by the children themselves. This demonstrates that gender segregation is a

Which assertion is TRUE of prenatal development?

Which aspect of nature does not reveal itself completely at birth?

Which of these does NOT demonstrate that nature does not all reveal itself at birth?

When do nature and nurture begin interacting?

An example of a biological change mechanism is

Which variable is NOT an example of the sociocultural context of development?

Describe a specific aspect of development that interests you (e.g., development of speech, development of friendships, development of understanding of gravity) and describe three mechanisms of change that you believe may be involved.

_____ is/are NOT an example(s) of a general cognitive process that contributes to development.

Which statement provides an example of a cognitive change mechanism?

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Filters

Exam 16: Conclusions

Which statement does NOT provide an example of how children elicit reactions from other people?

Which statement BEST summarizes the relationship between nature and nurture and their effect on child development?

An example of children's active interpretation of their experiences is

Sensitive periods occur in which domains of development?

Knowledge of child-development research can inform social policy decisions of both citizens and politicians. Which social policy area is NOT impacted by research findings?

Mark was generally a shy toddler. Based on the continuity of personality characteristics, it can be expected that Mark will be _____ as an adult.

Which statement about the effect of timing on the relation between nature and nurture is TRUE?

Which statement does NOT present an example of the importance of timing on the relation between nature and nurture?

Whether one primarily sees continuities or discontinuities in development is, to a great deal, dependent on which factor?

Gender-segregated play is not generally imposed upon children by adults but rather initiated by the children themselves. This demonstrates that gender segregation is a

Which assertion is TRUE of prenatal development?

Which aspect of nature does not reveal itself completely at birth?

Which of these does NOT demonstrate that nature does not all reveal itself at birth?

When do nature and nurture begin interacting?

An example of a biological change mechanism is

Which variable is NOT an example of the sociocultural context of development?

Describe a specific aspect of development that interests you (e.g., development of speech, development of friendships, development of understanding of gravity) and describe three mechanisms of change that you believe may be involved.

_____ is/are NOT an example(s) of a general cognitive process that contributes to development.

Which statement provides an example of a cognitive change mechanism?

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Filters