Question 1

Which question would be asked by children who have acquired a gender identity?

Accepted Answer

A) "Am I a boy or a girl?" 
B) "Will I always be a girl?" 
C) "Am I still a girl if I have short hair and like to play football?" 
D) All of these questions might be asked by such children. 
A) "Am I a boy or a girl?" 
B) "Will I always be a girl?" 
C) "Am I still a girl if I have short hair and like to play football?" 
D) All of these questions might be asked by such children.

Question 2

Describe the development of children's understanding of gender discrimination. What factors are involved in this understanding? Why might children's beliefs about gender discrimination not align with their behaviour?

Accepted Answer

An awareness of when gender discriminati

Question 3

Describe the process by which cognitive and motivational influences might influence gender differences in aggression. Provide at least two examples.

Accepted Answer

Average gender differences in empathy an

Question 4

Which difference is the BEST example of children's active role in the development of gender-typed behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A) preschoolers' typical choices of Halloween costumes 
B) parents' setting up of gender-typed environments 
C) boys' greater tendency to call out answers in class 
D) girls' greater linguistic ability 
A) preschoolers' typical choices of Halloween costumes 
B) parents' setting up of gender-typed environments 
C) boys' greater tendency to call out answers in class 
D) girls' greater linguistic ability

Question 5

Body image refers to an individual's thoughts and feelings about his or her

Accepted Answer

A) sexuality. 
B) athletic ability. 
C) physical appearance. 
D) intellect 
A) sexuality. 
B) athletic ability. 
C) physical appearance. 
D) intellect

Question 6

Kohlberg's concept of gender constancy involves the understanding that

Accepted Answer

A) one is a member of one gender category or another. 
B) gender is consistent even when superficial changes occur. 
C) gender is stable over time. 
D) gender is determined by sex chromosomes. 
A) one is a member of one gender category or another. 
B) gender is consistent even when superficial changes occur. 
C) gender is stable over time. 
D) gender is determined by sex chromosomes.

Question 7

According to the bioecological approach, child socialization practices serve to

Accepted Answer

A) reinforce genetically based gender differences. 
B) assist children to be successful in their field of interest. 
C) prepare children for adult roles. 
D) teach children a variety of behaviours and attitudes so that they can choose amongst them. 
A) reinforce genetically based gender differences. 
B) assist children to be successful in their field of interest. 
C) prepare children for adult roles. 
D) teach children a variety of behaviours and attitudes so that they can choose amongst them.

Question 8

Social identity theory would predict that the more time one spends with a group, the more one will

Accepted Answer

A) come to like each member of the group. 
B) be able to differentiate among members of the group. 
C) become similar to the members of the group. 
D) become more independent. 
A) come to like each member of the group. 
B) be able to differentiate among members of the group. 
C) become similar to the members of the group. 
D) become more independent.

Question 9

In comparison with the brains of males, the brains of females have

Accepted Answer

A) small differences in physical structure. 
B) less dense nerve connections in the area of the brain associated with linguistic processing. 
C) greater hemispheric specialization. 
D) a larger area of the brain associated with processing spatial information. 
A) small differences in physical structure. 
B) less dense nerve connections in the area of the brain associated with linguistic processing. 
C) greater hemispheric specialization. 
D) a larger area of the brain associated with processing spatial information.

Question 10

Research conducted by Hyde and colleagues has pointed out that there

Accepted Answer

A) is no binary difference between having a female brain or a male brain. 
B) is minimal effect size in brain differences between males and females. 
C) is a binary difference between the brains of males and females. 
D) is a clear brain difference between males and females. 
A) is no binary difference between having a female brain or a male brain. 
B) is minimal effect size in brain differences between males and females. 
C) is a binary difference between the brains of males and females. 
D) is a clear brain difference between males and females.

Question 11

A person who identifies with their biological gender is said to be

Accepted Answer

A) cisgender. 
B) transgender. 
C) genderqueer. 
D) gender-fluid. 
A) cisgender. 
B) transgender. 
C) genderqueer. 
D) gender-fluid.

Question 12

Affiliation refers to the tendency to

Accepted Answer

A) minimize one's own self-worth. 
B) take action on behalf of the self. 
C) establish connections with others. 
D) blend a variety of behaviours. 
A) minimize one's own self-worth. 
B) take action on behalf of the self. 
C) establish connections with others. 
D) blend a variety of behaviours.

Question 13

Which factor is LEAST likely to be related to differences between girls' and boys' intellectual capabilities?

Accepted Answer

A) different societal messages regarding the gender appropriateness of particular domains 
B) differences in brain size 
C) peer socialization 
D) parent socialization 
A) different societal messages regarding the gender appropriateness of particular domains 
B) differences in brain size 
C) peer socialization 
D) parent socialization

Question 14

According to Kohlberg's theory of gender-role development, children begin to imitate same-sex models when they

Accepted Answer

A) have established gender identity. 
B) are rewarded. 
C) have achieved gender constancy. 
D) have constructed gender schemas. 
A) have established gender identity. 
B) are rewarded. 
C) have achieved gender constancy. 
D) have constructed gender schemas.

Question 15

Learning via direct teaching is called

Accepted Answer

A) tuition. 
B) enactive experience. 
C) typicality. 
D) observation. 
A) tuition. 
B) enactive experience. 
C) typicality. 
D) observation.

Question 16

Individuals who do not identify with the gender assigned at birth are considered

Accepted Answer

A) gender dysphoria. 
B) transgender. 
C) cisgender. 
D) androgynous. 
A) gender dysphoria. 
B) transgender. 
C) cisgender. 
D) androgynous.

Question 17

Which child has established gender identity but has NOT developed gender stability?

Accepted Answer

A) Darrell asks his father, "Am I a girl?" 
B) Kimmy tells her grandfather, "Even though I like to wear pants and play with trucks, I am still a girl." 
C) Carolyn tells her new teacher, "Hi.My name is Carolyn.I'm a girl.When I grow up, I'd like to be a daddy." 
D) Sam, an infant, is more strongly attached to his father than to his mother. 
A) Darrell asks his father, "Am I a girl?" 
B) Kimmy tells her grandfather, "Even though I like to wear pants and play with trucks, I am still a girl." 
C) Carolyn tells her new teacher, "Hi.My name is Carolyn.I'm a girl.When I grow up, I'd like to be a daddy." 
D) Sam, an infant, is more strongly attached to his father than to his mother.

Question 18

In comparison with girls, there appears to be _____ variability among boys in the ways they experience closeness in friendships.

Accepted Answer

A) less 
B) more 
C) the same level of 
D) no 
A) less 
B) more 
C) the same level of 
D) no

Question 19

Research by Leaper and colleagues demonstrated that, among 5- to 7-year-olds, _____ statements were the most common for girls, and _____ statements were the most common for boys.

Accepted Answer

A) collaborative; collaborative 
B) obliging; controlling 
C) collaborative; controlling 
D) controlling; collaborative 
A) collaborative; collaborative 
B) obliging; controlling 
C) collaborative; controlling 
D) controlling; collaborative

Question 20

Leigh is considered a "tomboy" according to many of her peers. This indicates that she is

Accepted Answer

A) gender nonconforming. 
B) transgender. 
C) genderqueer. 
D) gender-fluid. 
A) gender nonconforming. 
B) transgender. 
C) genderqueer. 
D) gender-fluid.

Which question would be asked by children who have acquired a gender identity?

Describe the development of children's understanding of gender discrimination. What factors are involved in this understanding? Why might children's beliefs about gender discrimination not align with their behaviour?

Describe the process by which cognitive and motivational influences might influence gender differences in aggression. Provide at least two examples.

Which difference is the BEST example of children's active role in the development of gender-typed behaviour?

Body image refers to an individual's thoughts and feelings about his or her

Kohlberg's concept of gender constancy involves the understanding that

According to the bioecological approach, child socialization practices serve to

Social identity theory would predict that the more time one spends with a group, the more one will

In comparison with the brains of males, the brains of females have

Research conducted by Hyde and colleagues has pointed out that there

A person who identifies with their biological gender is said to be

Affiliation refers to the tendency to

Which factor is LEAST likely to be related to differences between girls' and boys' intellectual capabilities?

According to Kohlberg's theory of gender-role development, children begin to imitate same-sex models when they

Learning via direct teaching is called

Individuals who do not identify with the gender assigned at birth are considered

Which child has established gender identity but has NOT developed gender stability?

In comparison with girls, there appears to be _____ variability among boys in the ways they experience closeness in friendships.

Research by Leaper and colleagues demonstrated that, among 5- to 7-year-olds, _ statements were the most common for girls, and _ statements were the most common for boys.

Leigh is considered a "tomboy" according to many of her peers. This indicates that she is

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 15: Gender Development

Which question would be asked by children who have acquired a gender identity?

Describe the development of children's understanding of gender discrimination. What factors are involved in this understanding? Why might children's beliefs about gender discrimination not align with their behaviour?

Describe the process by which cognitive and motivational influences might influence gender differences in aggression. Provide at least two examples.

Which difference is the BEST example of children's active role in the development of gender-typed behaviour?

Body image refers to an individual's thoughts and feelings about his or her

Kohlberg's concept of gender constancy involves the understanding that

According to the bioecological approach, child socialization practices serve to

Social identity theory would predict that the more time one spends with a group, the more one will

In comparison with the brains of males, the brains of females have

Research conducted by Hyde and colleagues has pointed out that there

A person who identifies with their biological gender is said to be

Affiliation refers to the tendency to

Which factor is LEAST likely to be related to differences between girls' and boys' intellectual capabilities?

According to Kohlberg's theory of gender-role development, children begin to imitate same-sex models when they

Learning via direct teaching is called

Individuals who do not identify with the gender assigned at birth are considered

Which child has established gender identity but has NOT developed gender stability?

In comparison with girls, there appears to be _____ variability among boys in the ways they experience closeness in friendships.

Research by Leaper and colleagues demonstrated that, among 5- to 7-year-olds, _____ statements were the most common for girls, and _____ statements were the most common for boys.

Leigh is considered a "tomboy" according to many of her peers. This indicates that she is

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Conclusions

Filters

Research by Leaper and colleagues demonstrated that, among 5- to 7-year-olds, _ statements were the most common for girls, and _ statements were the most common for boys.