Question 1

Which variable is NOT a strong predictor of poor-quality parenting?

Accepted Answer

A) marital conflict 
B) poverty 
C) homelessness 
D) adequate shelter 
A) marital conflict 
B) poverty 
C) homelessness 
D) adequate shelter

Question 2

Which statement about cultural differences in the effect of parenting style on child outcome is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Consistent effects of the four parenting styles have been found in all cultures that have been examined. 
B) The particular effects of permissive and uninvolved parents have been found to differ cross-culturally. 
C) The meaning of discipline and control can differ cross-culturally, and this difference in meaning can change the effects of the authoritarian style. 
D) Parenting styles have been examined only in the United States, and thus we have no information about cultural differences in the impact of parenting style. 
A) Consistent effects of the four parenting styles have been found in all cultures that have been examined. 
B) The particular effects of permissive and uninvolved parents have been found to differ cross-culturally. 
C) The meaning of discipline and control can differ cross-culturally, and this difference in meaning can change the effects of the authoritarian style. 
D) Parenting styles have been examined only in the United States, and thus we have no information about cultural differences in the impact of parenting style.

Question 3

The set of strategies and behaviours parents use to teach children how to behave appropriately is called

Accepted Answer

A) discipline. 
B) punishment. 
C) internalization. 
D) externalization. 
A) discipline. 
B) punishment. 
C) internalization. 
D) externalization.

Question 4

Describe the four parenting styles identified by Diana Baumrind. For each style, describe how it is defined, as well as its effects on children.

Accepted Answer

Parenting style is the constellation of

Question 5

Which statement about children's characteristics and behaviour and the parenting process is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Parenting behaviours are rarely influenced by children's characteristics or behaviour, as parents tend to have a core style that changes in only minor ways. 
B) Although children's early temperamental characteristics influence the parenting style that parents adopt, children have little influence on parenting behaviours after infancy. 
C) Parents may be influenced by children's extreme behaviours, but their parenting practices are rarely influenced by any other characteristics of their children. 
D) Children's characteristics and behaviour can have a substantial influence on the parenting process. 
A) Parenting behaviours are rarely influenced by children's characteristics or behaviour, as parents tend to have a core style that changes in only minor ways. 
B) Although children's early temperamental characteristics influence the parenting style that parents adopt, children have little influence on parenting behaviours after infancy. 
C) Parents may be influenced by children's extreme behaviours, but their parenting practices are rarely influenced by any other characteristics of their children. 
D) Children's characteristics and behaviour can have a substantial influence on the parenting process.

Question 6

Which form of punishment is NOT considered negative?

Accepted Answer

A) spanking 
B) love withdrawal 
C) yelling 
D) disapproving look 
A) spanking 
B) love withdrawal 
C) yelling 
D) disapproving look

Question 7

Authoritarian parents are those who:

Accepted Answer

A) are abusive. 
B) are highly demanding and unresponsive. 
C) have little interest in disciplining their children. 
D) are attentive and consistent in their discipline. 
A) are abusive. 
B) are highly demanding and unresponsive. 
C) have little interest in disciplining their children. 
D) are attentive and consistent in their discipline.

Question 8

The large-scale study of the effects of childcare that was funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Development (NICHD) in the United States demonstrated which finding about the effects of child care on children's cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

A) Regardless of the quality, childcare tended to have a negative effect on children's cognitive development. 
B) Regardless of the quality, childcare tended to have a positive effect on children's cognitive development. 
C) When it was of at least moderate quality, childcare tended to have a positive effect on children's cognitive development. 
D) When it was of high quality, childcare tended to have a positive effect on children's cognitive development. 
A) Regardless of the quality, childcare tended to have a negative effect on children's cognitive development. 
B) Regardless of the quality, childcare tended to have a positive effect on children's cognitive development. 
C) When it was of at least moderate quality, childcare tended to have a positive effect on children's cognitive development. 
D) When it was of high quality, childcare tended to have a positive effect on children's cognitive development.

Question 9

Which variable does NOT influence children's adjustment following divorce?

Accepted Answer

A) parental conflict 
B) stress of custodial mother 
C) frequency of contact with noncustodial father 
D) race or ethnicity 
A) parental conflict 
B) stress of custodial mother 
C) frequency of contact with noncustodial father 
D) race or ethnicity

Question 10

Which mother is MOST likely to show sensitive behaviour towards her new infant?

Accepted Answer

A) Eileen, who is 17 years old 
B) Ursula, who is 22 years old and has few financial resources 
C) Hailee, who is 34 years old and has no other children 
D) Andrea, who is 34 years old and has two older children 
A) Eileen, who is 17 years old 
B) Ursula, who is 22 years old and has few financial resources 
C) Hailee, who is 34 years old and has no other children 
D) Andrea, who is 34 years old and has two older children

Question 11

Which statement about sibling relationships is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Siblings with parents who get along well tend to get along better with each other than do siblings with parents who fight with one another. 
B) Siblings in divorced families tend to get along better than those in nondivorced families, as they tend to count on each other for support. 
C) Perceived differential treatment by parents is typically not problematic in sibling relationships when it is the younger child who receives the better treatment. 
D) Although children may be annoyed when parents favour their siblings, differential treatment is unlikely to affect sibling relationships. 
A) Siblings with parents who get along well tend to get along better with each other than do siblings with parents who fight with one another. 
B) Siblings in divorced families tend to get along better than those in nondivorced families, as they tend to count on each other for support. 
C) Perceived differential treatment by parents is typically not problematic in sibling relationships when it is the younger child who receives the better treatment. 
D) Although children may be annoyed when parents favour their siblings, differential treatment is unlikely to affect sibling relationships.

Question 12

The number of and relationships among the people living in a household is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) family structure. 
B) family dynamics. 
C) internalization. 
D) parenting style. 
A) family structure. 
B) family dynamics. 
C) internalization. 
D) parenting style.

Question 13

Which factor INCREASES the level of support between siblings?

Accepted Answer

A) marital conflict 
B) differential treatment by parents 
C) parental support 
D) birth order 
A) marital conflict 
B) differential treatment by parents 
C) parental support 
D) birth order

Question 14

Which of these contributes to the parenting children receive?

Accepted Answer

A) individual differences in children 
B) research involving the active child 
C) internalization 
D) the need for childhood socialization 
A) individual differences in children 
B) research involving the active child 
C) internalization 
D) the need for childhood socialization

Question 15

Which of these is NOT a type of child maltreatment?

Accepted Answer

A) neglect 
B) physical abuse 
C) socialization 
D) emotional abuse 
A) neglect 
B) physical abuse 
C) socialization 
D) emotional abuse

Question 16

Explain the bidirectionality of parent-child interactions and provide an example.

Accepted Answer

The phrase "bidirectionality of parent-c

Question 17

The large-scale study of the effects of childcare that was funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Development (NICHD) in the United States demonstrated that the

Accepted Answer

A) quality of childcare was a critical predictor of attachment security. 
B) amount of childcare was a critical predictor of attachment security. 
C) number of childcare arrangements was a critical predictor of attachment security. 
D) number of changes in caregivers in the first 2 years of life predicted lower social competence and more noncompliance with adults at age 2. 
A) quality of childcare was a critical predictor of attachment security. 
B) amount of childcare was a critical predictor of attachment security. 
C) number of childcare arrangements was a critical predictor of attachment security. 
D) number of changes in caregivers in the first 2 years of life predicted lower social competence and more noncompliance with adults at age 2.

Question 18

Rex and Paul are both young children who attend high-quality centre-based childcare. Rex is from a low-income family and Paul is from a working-class family. What are the likely effects on their behaviour if they are in childcare for extensive hours?

Accepted Answer

A) Rex and Paul are both at an increased risk of developing behaviour problems. 
B) Rex and Paul are both at a decreased risk of developing behaviour problems. 
C) Rex is at an increased risk of developing behaviour problems, and Paul is at a decreased risk. 
D) Rex is at a decreased risk of developing behaviour problems, and Paul is at an increased risk. 
A) Rex and Paul are both at an increased risk of developing behaviour problems. 
B) Rex and Paul are both at a decreased risk of developing behaviour problems. 
C) Rex is at an increased risk of developing behaviour problems, and Paul is at a decreased risk. 
D) Rex is at a decreased risk of developing behaviour problems, and Paul is at an increased risk.

Question 19

A trait that is NOT more common among families experiencing long-term economic stress than among other families is

Accepted Answer

A) social support. 
B) marital conflict. 
C) inconsistent parenting. 
D) hostile parenting. 
A) social support. 
B) marital conflict. 
C) inconsistent parenting. 
D) hostile parenting.

Question 20

Differential treatment of siblings by parents is less detrimental to children when all of these are true EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) children believe it is justified. 
B) the culture emphasizes interdependence among family members. 
C) the children are older. 
D) the children are younger. 
A) children believe it is justified. 
B) the culture emphasizes interdependence among family members. 
C) the children are older. 
D) the children are younger.

Which variable is NOT a strong predictor of poor-quality parenting?

Which statement about cultural differences in the effect of parenting style on child outcome is TRUE?

The set of strategies and behaviours parents use to teach children how to behave appropriately is called

Describe the four parenting styles identified by Diana Baumrind. For each style, describe how it is defined, as well as its effects on children.

Which statement about children's characteristics and behaviour and the parenting process is TRUE?

Which form of punishment is NOT considered negative?

Authoritarian parents are those who:

The large-scale study of the effects of childcare that was funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Development (NICHD) in the United States demonstrated which finding about the effects of child care on children's cognitive development?

Which variable does NOT influence children's adjustment following divorce?

Which mother is MOST likely to show sensitive behaviour towards her new infant?

Which statement about sibling relationships is TRUE?

The number of and relationships among the people living in a household is referred to as

Which factor INCREASES the level of support between siblings?

Which of these contributes to the parenting children receive?

Which of these is NOT a type of child maltreatment?

Explain the bidirectionality of parent-child interactions and provide an example.

The large-scale study of the effects of childcare that was funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Development (NICHD) in the United States demonstrated that the

Rex and Paul are both young children who attend high-quality centre-based childcare. Rex is from a low-income family and Paul is from a working-class family. What are the likely effects on their behaviour if they are in childcare for extensive hours?

A trait that is NOT more common among families experiencing long-term economic stress than among other families is

Differential treatment of siblings by parents is less detrimental to children when all of these are true EXCEPT

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 12: The Family

Which variable is NOT a strong predictor of poor-quality parenting?

Which statement about cultural differences in the effect of parenting style on child outcome is TRUE?

The set of strategies and behaviours parents use to teach children how to behave appropriately is called

Describe the four parenting styles identified by Diana Baumrind. For each style, describe how it is defined, as well as its effects on children.

Which statement about children's characteristics and behaviour and the parenting process is TRUE?

Which form of punishment is NOT considered negative?

Authoritarian parents are those who:

The large-scale study of the effects of childcare that was funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Development (NICHD) in the United States demonstrated which finding about the effects of child care on children's cognitive development?

Which variable does NOT influence children's adjustment following divorce?

Which mother is MOST likely to show sensitive behaviour towards her new infant?

Which statement about sibling relationships is TRUE?

The number of and relationships among the people living in a household is referred to as

Which factor INCREASES the level of support between siblings?

Which of these contributes to the parenting children receive?

Which of these is NOT a type of child maltreatment?

Explain the bidirectionality of parent-child interactions and provide an example.

The large-scale study of the effects of childcare that was funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Development (NICHD) in the United States demonstrated that the

Rex and Paul are both young children who attend high-quality centre-based childcare. Rex is from a low-income family and Paul is from a working-class family. What are the likely effects on their behaviour if they are in childcare for extensive hours?

A trait that is NOT more common among families experiencing long-term economic stress than among other families is

Differential treatment of siblings by parents is less detrimental to children when all of these are true EXCEPT

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters