Question 1

Which of the following best defines applied research?

Accepted Answer

A) Research that investigates issues that have implications for everyday life 
B) Research that is not as empirical as basic research 
C) Research that is not based on prior theory 
D) Research that answers fundamental questions about behavior 
A) Research that investigates issues that have implications for everyday life 
B) Research that is not as empirical as basic research 
C) Research that is not based on prior theory 
D) Research that answers fundamental questions about behavior

Question 2

Among a sample of middle-school students, Dr. Dyer finds a correlation of -.60 between the time children spend outside each week and their scores on an index of depression. Each of the following interpretations is consistent with this data EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) Depression prevents children from spending time outside. 
B) Spending time outside prevents children from becoming depressed. 
C) A personality trait, such as openness to experience, is related both to spending time outside and to susceptibility to depression. 
D) There is a perfect relationship between spending time outside and depression. 
A) Depression prevents children from spending time outside. 
B) Spending time outside prevents children from becoming depressed. 
C) A personality trait, such as openness to experience, is related both to spending time outside and to susceptibility to depression. 
D) There is a perfect relationship between spending time outside and depression.

Question 3

Dr. DeJong randomly selects 100 individuals to participate in an experiment. She then randomly assigns the participants to several different conditions. With reference to the potential threats to validity described in your text, what are the goals of random selection and random assignment, respectively

Accepted Answer

A) Both random selection and random assignment protect the external validity of the research. 
B) Random selection protects the external validity of the research.Random assignment protects its internal validity. 
C) Random selection protects the external validity of the research.Random assignment protects its construct validity. 
D) Random selection protects the construct validity of the research.Random assignment protects its internal validity. 
A) Both random selection and random assignment protect the external validity of the research. 
B) Random selection protects the external validity of the research.Random assignment protects its internal validity. 
C) Random selection protects the external validity of the research.Random assignment protects its construct validity. 
D) Random selection protects the construct validity of the research.Random assignment protects its internal validity.

Question 4

Dr. O'Connor is telling his participants before he begins the experiment that their participation is completely voluntary and that they can stop taking part at any time. Dr. O'Connor is:

Accepted Answer

A) debriefing his participants 
B) obtaining informed consent 
C) explaining the research hypothesis 
D) deceiving his participants 
A) debriefing his participants 
B) obtaining informed consent 
C) explaining the research hypothesis 
D) deceiving his participants

Question 5

Consider the following data set: 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8, 10. The _________ is 7.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the following data set: 3, 5,...

Question 6

Which of the following alternatives best expresses the relationship between theory and data

Accepted Answer

A) Theory and data are unrelated 
B) Theory and data are the same 
C) Theory and data inform each other 
D) Data cannot explain theory 
A) Theory and data are unrelated 
B) Theory and data are the same 
C) Theory and data inform each other 
D) Data cannot explain theory

Question 7

Heather selects a sample of introductory psychology students to participate in her survey research. Most of the students in the sample are 18 to 20 years of age; however, there are a few older students in their 50s among her participants. To capture the central tendency of her participants' ages, Heather might consider reporting the ______ rather than the ______.

Accepted Answer

A) mean; median 
B) median; mean 
C) median; mode 
D) mode; median 
A) mean; median 
B) median; mean 
C) median; mode 
D) mode; median

Question 8

The height and weight of people are positively correlated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following researchers is conducting a case study

Accepted Answer

A) Dr.Henriette, who is measuring how fast a group of students can respond to a stimulus. 
B) Dr.Innis, who is examining the tactile perception of a blind woman 
C) Dr.Jenner, who is observing children on a playground 
D) Dr.Kulik, who is combing through newspaper stories on serial killers 
A) Dr.Henriette, who is measuring how fast a group of students can respond to a stimulus. 
B) Dr.Innis, who is examining the tactile perception of a blind woman 
C) Dr.Jenner, who is observing children on a playground 
D) Dr.Kulik, who is combing through newspaper stories on serial killers

Question 10

Which of the following describes internal validity

Accepted Answer

A) The measured variables relate to the conceptual variables 
B) The results generalize to other conditions or participant groups 
C) The independent variable causes the dependent variable 
D) The measured variables cause the conceptual variables 
A) The measured variables relate to the conceptual variables 
B) The results generalize to other conditions or participant groups 
C) The independent variable causes the dependent variable 
D) The measured variables cause the conceptual variables

Question 11

Irving has noticed a pattern: The more alcohol people drink, the more aggressive they seem to be. Which research method is aimed at verifying a relationship between two variables

Accepted Answer

A) Naturalistic observation 
B) Case study 
C) correlational research 
D) descriptive research 
A) Naturalistic observation 
B) Case study 
C) correlational research 
D) descriptive research

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a requirement of ethical research on human participants

Accepted Answer

A) Participants must be protected from physical and mental harm. 
B) Participants must be assured that their participation is voluntary. 
C) Participants must be aware of the general procedures involved before the study begins. 
D) Participants must be fully informed of the purpose of the research before it begins. 
A) Participants must be protected from physical and mental harm. 
B) Participants must be assured that their participation is voluntary. 
C) Participants must be aware of the general procedures involved before the study begins. 
D) Participants must be fully informed of the purpose of the research before it begins.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of deception in psychological research

Accepted Answer

A) It is used in all scientifically valid research. 
B) It may be permissible, as long as alternatives are considered. 
C) It is only used in research on biological explanations of behavior 
D) It is no longer permissible in psychological research. 
A) It is used in all scientifically valid research. 
B) It may be permissible, as long as alternatives are considered. 
C) It is only used in research on biological explanations of behavior 
D) It is no longer permissible in psychological research.

Question 14

A professor admonishes his graduate student on the basis that her research may have failed to control her own expectations regarding the outcome of the study. The professor is suggesting that the student's research may not be  ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) empirical 
B) objective 
C) scientific 
D) rational 
A) empirical 
B) objective 
C) scientific 
D) rational

Question 15

A pharmaceutical company wishes to test the efficacy of a new drug using a double-blind procedure. Which alternative correctly describes the procedure the company would use

Accepted Answer

A) The research assistants would know which participants were receiving the new drug and which were receiving an inert pill.Each patient would also know which type of pill he or she was taking. 
B) All participants would actually receive an inert pill.Neither the research assistants nor the patients would know this. 
C) The research assistants would know which participants were receiving the new drug and which were receiving an inert pill.Each patient, though, would not know which type of pill he or she was taking. 
D) The research assistants would not know which participants were receiving the new drug and which were receiving an inert pill.Also, each patient would not know which type of pill he or she was taking. 
A) The research assistants would know which participants were receiving the new drug and which were receiving an inert pill.Each patient would also know which type of pill he or she was taking. 
B) All participants would actually receive an inert pill.Neither the research assistants nor the patients would know this. 
C) The research assistants would know which participants were receiving the new drug and which were receiving an inert pill.Each patient, though, would not know which type of pill he or she was taking. 
D) The research assistants would not know which participants were receiving the new drug and which were receiving an inert pill.Also, each patient would not know which type of pill he or she was taking.

Question 16

Ethical codes regulating the conduct of research have been developed by:

Accepted Answer

A) the federal government 
B) scientific organizations 
C) individual colleges and universities 
D) both A and B 
A) the federal government 
B) scientific organizations 
C) individual colleges and universities 
D) both A and B

Question 17

The aim of descriptive research is to discover relationships among variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The direction of the relationship between two variables is given by a correlation coefficient's _________; the strength of the relationship is given by the coefficient's _________.

Accepted Answer

A) absolute value; size 
B) sign; absolute value 
C) sign; size 
D) absolute value; sign 
A) absolute value; size 
B) sign; absolute value 
C) sign; size 
D) absolute value; sign

Question 19

Verna found a positive correlation between self-reported alcohol and drug use and sick days taken in a study of white-collar workers. A graph of her results would show a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) negatively-sloped line 
B) positively-sloped line 
C) horizontal line 
D) U-shaped curve 
A) negatively-sloped line 
B) positively-sloped line 
C) horizontal line 
D) U-shaped curve

Question 20

The range is sensitive to extreme scores. In this way, it is similar to the ________, a measure of central tendency.

Accepted Answer

A) mean 
B) standard deviation 
C) median 
D) mode 
A) mean 
B) standard deviation 
C) median 
D) mode

Which of the following best defines applied research?

Among a sample of middle-school students, Dr. Dyer finds a correlation of -.60 between the time children spend outside each week and their scores on an index of depression. Each of the following interpretations is consistent with this data EXCEPT:

Dr. O'Connor is telling his participants before he begins the experiment that their participation is completely voluntary and that they can stop taking part at any time. Dr. O'Connor is:

Consider the following data set: 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8, 10. The _________ is 7.

Which of the following alternatives best expresses the relationship between theory and data

The height and weight of people are positively correlated.

Which of the following researchers is conducting a case study

Which of the following describes internal validity

Irving has noticed a pattern: The more alcohol people drink, the more aggressive they seem to be. Which research method is aimed at verifying a relationship between two variables

Which of the following is NOT a requirement of ethical research on human participants

Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of deception in psychological research

A professor admonishes his graduate student on the basis that her research may have failed to control her own expectations regarding the outcome of the study. The professor is suggesting that the student's research may not be ____________.

A pharmaceutical company wishes to test the efficacy of a new drug using a double-blind procedure. Which alternative correctly describes the procedure the company would use

Ethical codes regulating the conduct of research have been developed by:

The aim of descriptive research is to discover relationships among variables.

The direction of the relationship between two variables is given by a correlation coefficient's _; the strength of the relationship is given by the coefficient's _.

Verna found a positive correlation between self-reported alcohol and drug use and sick days taken in a study of white-collar workers. A graph of her results would show a(n):

The range is sensitive to extreme scores. In this way, it is similar to the ________, a measure of central tendency.

Introducing Psychology

Brains, Bodies, and Behavior

Sensing and Perceiving

States of Consciousness

Growing and Developing

Learning

Remembering and Judging

Intelligence and Language

Emotions and Motivations

Psychology in Our Social Lives

Personality

Defining Psychological Disorders

Treating Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 2: Psychological Science

Which of the following best defines applied research?

Among a sample of middle-school students, Dr. Dyer finds a correlation of -.60 between the time children spend outside each week and their scores on an index of depression. Each of the following interpretations is consistent with this data EXCEPT:

Dr. O'Connor is telling his participants before he begins the experiment that their participation is completely voluntary and that they can stop taking part at any time. Dr. O'Connor is:

Consider the following data set: 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8, 10. The _________ is 7.

Which of the following alternatives best expresses the relationship between theory and data

The height and weight of people are positively correlated.

Which of the following researchers is conducting a case study

Which of the following describes internal validity

Irving has noticed a pattern: The more alcohol people drink, the more aggressive they seem to be. Which research method is aimed at verifying a relationship between two variables

Which of the following is NOT a requirement of ethical research on human participants

Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of deception in psychological research

A professor admonishes his graduate student on the basis that her research may have failed to control her own expectations regarding the outcome of the study. The professor is suggesting that the student's research may not be ____________.

A pharmaceutical company wishes to test the efficacy of a new drug using a double-blind procedure. Which alternative correctly describes the procedure the company would use

Ethical codes regulating the conduct of research have been developed by:

The aim of descriptive research is to discover relationships among variables.

The direction of the relationship between two variables is given by a correlation coefficient's _________; the strength of the relationship is given by the coefficient's _________.

Verna found a positive correlation between self-reported alcohol and drug use and sick days taken in a study of white-collar workers. A graph of her results would show a(n):

The range is sensitive to extreme scores. In this way, it is similar to the ________, a measure of central tendency.

Introducing Psychology

Brains, Bodies, and Behavior

Sensing and Perceiving

States of Consciousness

Growing and Developing

Learning

Remembering and Judging

Intelligence and Language

Emotions and Motivations

Psychology in Our Social Lives

Personality

Defining Psychological Disorders

Treating Psychological Disorders

Filters

The direction of the relationship between two variables is given by a correlation coefficient's _; the strength of the relationship is given by the coefficient's _.