Question 1

Predictor variable is to outcome variable as _______ is to __________.

Accepted Answer

A) population; sample 
B) sample; population 
C) control group; experimental group 
D) independent variable; dependent variable 
A) population; sample 
B) sample; population 
C) control group; experimental group 
D) independent variable; dependent variable

Question 2

Dr. Leblanc is examining interactions among primates in the wild; he does not intervene. Dr. Leblanc is performing __________.

Accepted Answer

naturalist

Question 3

"Every time I take it, it tells me something different!" complains your friend, turning away from the online personality quiz she just completed. Your friend is complaining about the test's __________.

Accepted Answer

A) construct validity 
B) external validity 
C) reliability 
D) statistical significance 
A) construct validity 
B) external validity 
C) reliability 
D) statistical significance

Question 4

Which alternative correctly pairs a threat to the validity of research with an example

Accepted Answer

A) external validity -- Dr.daSilva fails to support his results with any statistical tests. 
B) internal validity -- Dr.Abdallah uses a survey to investigate the personality trait of optimism.However, the questionnaire she uses actually measures a different trait than optimism. 
C) statistical conclusion validity -- Dr.Carvalho's results do not extend to participants of different cultural backgrounds. 
D) construct validity -- Dr.Abdallah uses a survey to investigate the personality trait of optimism.However, the questionnaire she uses actually measures a different trait than optimism. 
A) external validity -- Dr.daSilva fails to support his results with any statistical tests. 
B) internal validity -- Dr.Abdallah uses a survey to investigate the personality trait of optimism.However, the questionnaire she uses actually measures a different trait than optimism. 
C) statistical conclusion validity -- Dr.Carvalho's results do not extend to participants of different cultural backgrounds. 
D) construct validity -- Dr.Abdallah uses a survey to investigate the personality trait of optimism.However, the questionnaire she uses actually measures a different trait than optimism.

Question 5

Variables other than the independent variable on which participants differ are termed __________ variables. They threaten __________ validity.

Accepted Answer

A) confounding; internal 
B) confounding; external 
C) confounding; construct 
D) spurious; external 
A) confounding; internal 
B) confounding; external 
C) confounding; construct 
D) spurious; external

Question 6

A measure is reliable if it adequately assesses the intended conceptual variable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following describes external validity

Accepted Answer

A) The measured variables relate to the conceptual variables 
B) The results generalize to other conditions or participant groups 
C) The independent variable causes the dependent variable 
D) The measured variables cause the conceptual variables 
A) The measured variables relate to the conceptual variables 
B) The results generalize to other conditions or participant groups 
C) The independent variable causes the dependent variable 
D) The measured variables cause the conceptual variables

Question 8

An integrated set of principles predicting many of the observations in a given domain is termed a(n) __________.

Accepted Answer

A) operational definition 
B) theory 
C) law 
D) hypothesis 
A) operational definition 
B) theory 
C) law 
D) hypothesis

Question 9

A _________ is a representative subset of a population.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A _________ is a representative subset of...

Question 10

The more complicated a theory, the better it is.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Professors Chase and Sanborn are conducting an experiment on the effects of caffeine on memory. Participants are randomly assigned to a caffeine or a no-caffeine group and their recall of items on a word list is later assessed. Which pair correctly identifies a variable in this experiment

Accepted Answer

A) caffeine-dependent variable 
B) caffeine-independent variable 
C) caffeine - predictor variable 
D) word recall-independent variable 
A) caffeine-dependent variable 
B) caffeine-independent variable 
C) caffeine - predictor variable 
D) word recall-independent variable

Question 12

Descriptive statistics:

Accepted Answer

A) allow predictions beyond a data set 
B) summarize a set of data 
C) indicate how dispersed a set of data is around the mean 
D) show how two or more variables are related 
A) allow predictions beyond a data set 
B) summarize a set of data 
C) indicate how dispersed a set of data is around the mean 
D) show how two or more variables are related

Question 13

Which of the following is true regarding the sensitivity of measures of central tendency to extreme scores

Accepted Answer

A) Neither the mean nor the median is sensitive to extreme scores. 
B) The mean and the median are both equally sensitive to extreme scores. 
C) The mean is more sensitive to extreme scores than is the median. 
D) The mean is less sensitive to extreme scores than is the median. 
A) Neither the mean nor the median is sensitive to extreme scores. 
B) The mean and the median are both equally sensitive to extreme scores. 
C) The mean is more sensitive to extreme scores than is the median. 
D) The mean is less sensitive to extreme scores than is the median.

Question 14

Measures of central tendency indicate:

Accepted Answer

A) how spread out the data is 
B) the "middle" of the data 
C) the relationships in the data 
D) the range of the data 
A) how spread out the data is 
B) the "middle" of the data 
C) the relationships in the data 
D) the range of the data

Question 15

When psychologists say that a result is significant, they mean that it is important.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The difference between the highest and the lowest score in a data set is termed the _________.

Accepted Answer

A) correlation coefficient 
B) mode 
C) range 
D) standard deviation 
A) correlation coefficient 
B) mode 
C) range 
D) standard deviation

Question 17

Between which pair of values is one most likely to find a positive correlation

Accepted Answer

A) alcohol consumption and GPA 
B) GPA and height 
C) GPA and amount of studying 
D) GPA and depression 
A) alcohol consumption and GPA 
B) GPA and height 
C) GPA and amount of studying 
D) GPA and depression

Question 18

Why do we more often hear references to the median family income in the U.S. than to the mean family income in the U.S

Accepted Answer

A) The median is the most common income. 
B) Family incomes are very similar across the U.S., making the mean 
C) Income data is highly influenced by a small number of families making extremely high incomes. 
D) There are too many families in the U.S.for the mean to be computed. 
A) The median is the most common income. 
B) Family incomes are very similar across the U.S., making the mean 
C) Income data is highly influenced by a small number of families making extremely high incomes. 
D) There are too many families in the U.S.for the mean to be computed.

Question 19

A researcher argues that the number of violent TV shows that a child watches is positively correlated with the aggressiveness of the child's play due to the fact that the discipline style of the parents causes both TV viewing and aggressive play. The researcher believes that parental discipline style is which of the following

Accepted Answer

A) A common-causal variable 
B) An independent variable. 
C) An outcome variable. 
D) An independent variable 
A) A common-causal variable 
B) An independent variable. 
C) An outcome variable. 
D) An independent variable

Question 20

A reviewer believes that a researcher's theory is unnecessarily complicated. She believes that the theory is not __________.

Accepted Answer

A) objective 
B) parsimonious 
C) empirical 
D) general 
A) objective 
B) parsimonious 
C) empirical 
D) general

Predictor variable is to outcome variable as _ is to ____.

Dr. Leblanc is examining interactions among primates in the wild; he does not intervene. Dr. Leblanc is performing __________.

"Every time I take it, it tells me something different!" complains your friend, turning away from the online personality quiz she just completed. Your friend is complaining about the test's __________.

Which alternative correctly pairs a threat to the validity of research with an example

Variables other than the independent variable on which participants differ are termed variables. They threaten validity.

A measure is reliable if it adequately assesses the intended conceptual variable.

Which of the following describes external validity

An integrated set of principles predicting many of the observations in a given domain is termed a(n) __________.

A _________ is a representative subset of a population.

The more complicated a theory, the better it is.

Professors Chase and Sanborn are conducting an experiment on the effects of caffeine on memory. Participants are randomly assigned to a caffeine or a no-caffeine group and their recall of items on a word list is later assessed. Which pair correctly identifies a variable in this experiment

Descriptive statistics:

Which of the following is true regarding the sensitivity of measures of central tendency to extreme scores

Measures of central tendency indicate:

When psychologists say that a result is significant, they mean that it is important.

The difference between the highest and the lowest score in a data set is termed the _________.

Between which pair of values is one most likely to find a positive correlation

Why do we more often hear references to the median family income in the U.S. than to the mean family income in the U.S

A reviewer believes that a researcher's theory is unnecessarily complicated. She believes that the theory is not __________.

Introducing Psychology

Brains, Bodies, and Behavior

Sensing and Perceiving

States of Consciousness

Growing and Developing

Learning

Remembering and Judging

Intelligence and Language

Emotions and Motivations

Psychology in Our Social Lives

Personality

Defining Psychological Disorders

Treating Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 2: Psychological Science

Predictor variable is to outcome variable as _______ is to __________.

Dr. Leblanc is examining interactions among primates in the wild; he does not intervene. Dr. Leblanc is performing __________.

"Every time I take it, it tells me something different!" complains your friend, turning away from the online personality quiz she just completed. Your friend is complaining about the test's __________.

Which alternative correctly pairs a threat to the validity of research with an example

Variables other than the independent variable on which participants differ are termed __________ variables. They threaten __________ validity.

A measure is reliable if it adequately assesses the intended conceptual variable.

Which of the following describes external validity

An integrated set of principles predicting many of the observations in a given domain is termed a(n) __________.

A _________ is a representative subset of a population.

The more complicated a theory, the better it is.

Professors Chase and Sanborn are conducting an experiment on the effects of caffeine on memory. Participants are randomly assigned to a caffeine or a no-caffeine group and their recall of items on a word list is later assessed. Which pair correctly identifies a variable in this experiment

Descriptive statistics:

Which of the following is true regarding the sensitivity of measures of central tendency to extreme scores

Measures of central tendency indicate:

When psychologists say that a result is significant, they mean that it is important.

The difference between the highest and the lowest score in a data set is termed the _________.

Between which pair of values is one most likely to find a positive correlation

Why do we more often hear references to the median family income in the U.S. than to the mean family income in the U.S

A reviewer believes that a researcher's theory is unnecessarily complicated. She believes that the theory is not __________.

Introducing Psychology

Brains, Bodies, and Behavior

Sensing and Perceiving

States of Consciousness

Growing and Developing

Learning

Remembering and Judging

Intelligence and Language

Emotions and Motivations

Psychology in Our Social Lives

Personality

Defining Psychological Disorders

Treating Psychological Disorders

Filters

Predictor variable is to outcome variable as _ is to ____.

Variables other than the independent variable on which participants differ are termed variables. They threaten validity.