Exam 1: Introduction to the Book: an Overview of Issues in Criminological Theory

When a person perceives that an event occured more recently than it actually did, this is referred to as ______.

According to the author, the most important way to classify theories is in terms of their assumptions.

If the relationship between X and Y is causal, then X would be considered the ______ variable.

When researchers use aggregate statistics to study crime they are doing ______ analysis.

In the early 1600s, those who committed crime were typically ______.

______ is the oldest and most used measure of crime rates in the United States.

Criminology is the scientific study of crime.

Perhaps the most chronic reason for failure to report crimes can be traced to the U.S.school system.

Your classmate has asked you to explain what makes a good theory.What do you tell him/her? Be sure to include the characteristics of a good theory discussed in this chapter.

A theory is an educated guess.

According to the positive school, three factors that determine individual behavior include ______.

When an increase in employment (X) leads to a decrease in crime (Y), this is called a/an ______ association.

The ______ perspective is considered the 'nonconflict' model.

According to the author, the most important aspect of ______ is that it/they provide information about the social and psychological reasons people commit crime.

When a change in X causes a change in Y, this is referred to as spuriousness.

______ is perhaps one of the most important characteristics used in determining how good a theory is at explaining a given phenomenon.

The NCVS is criticized because it does not collect data on homicide.

Lombroso's initial claim that tattoos were one way to identify born criminals violates which criteria of causality?

______ is the extent to which a theoretical model is supported by scientific research.

A good theory should be able to translate into realistic and useful practices.