Question 1

The cortical reaction of sea urchin eggs functions directly in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the formation of a fertilization envelope 
B)  the production of a fast block to polyspermy 
C)  the generation of an electrical impulse by the egg 
D)  the fusion of egg and sperm nuclei 
A)  the formation of a fertilization envelope 
B)  the production of a fast block to polyspermy 
C)  the generation of an electrical impulse by the egg 
D)  the fusion of egg and sperm nuclei

Question 2

Cell migration occurs extensively as part of which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  organogenesis, but not gastrulation or cleavage 
B)  cleavage, but not gastrulation or organogenesis 
C)  gastrulation and cleavage 
D)  gastrulation and organogenesis 
A)  organogenesis, but not gastrulation or cleavage 
B)  cleavage, but not gastrulation or organogenesis 
C)  gastrulation and cleavage 
D)  gastrulation and organogenesis

Question 3

In mammalian eggs, the receptors for sperm are found in which of the following locations?

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondrial membrane 
B)  plasma membrane 
C)  nuclear envelope 
D)  cell wall 
A)  mitochondrial membrane 
B)  plasma membrane 
C)  nuclear envelope 
D)  cell wall

Question 4

Which of the following is common to the development of both birds and mammals?

Accepted Answer

A)  holoblastic cleavage 
B)  epiblast and hypoblast 
C)  trophoblast 
D)  gray crescent 
A)  holoblastic cleavage 
B)  epiblast and hypoblast 
C)  trophoblast 
D)  gray crescent

Question 5

Which of the following is an adult organism that has fewer than 1,000 cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  chickens, Gallus domesticus 
B)  African clawed frogs, Xenopus laevis 
C)  fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster 
D)  nematodes, Caenorhabditis elegans 
A)  chickens, Gallus domesticus 
B)  African clawed frogs, Xenopus laevis 
C)  fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster 
D)  nematodes, Caenorhabditis elegans

Question 6

Use the following information to answer the question.
In an investigation into sperm-oocyte binding, researchers isolated the egg receptor protein, ERB1, from the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. ERB1 binds to the sperm acrosomal protein, bindin, during fertilization. The researchers coupled the ERB1 receptor from S. purpuratus to plastic microbeads and then mixed the ERB1-coupled beads with sperm from S. purpuratus or from the related species, S. franciscanus. A summary of the treatment mixtures and a graph of the results are shown.
Treatments:
A: S. purpuratus sperm mixed with S. purpuratus ERB1-coupled beads
B: S. purpuratus sperm mixed with beads with no coupled ERB1 protein
C: S. franciscanus sperm mixed with S. purpuratus ERB1 beads
D: S. franciscanus sperm mixed with beads with no coupled ERB1 protein  
Which of the following is a broader implication from the observations of the experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  In sea urchins, fertilization of eggs by sperm is dependent upon species-specific protein interactions. 
B)  Only some species of sea urchins use receptor proteins on their eggs to bind sperm. 
C)  Protein-coated plastic beads should not be used to test sperm binding to eggs. 
D)  S. franciscanus is probably not a sea urchin, but must be some other type of organism. 
A)  In sea urchins, fertilization of eggs by sperm is dependent upon species-specific protein interactions. 
B)  Only some species of sea urchins use receptor proteins on their eggs to bind sperm. 
C)  Protein-coated plastic beads should not be used to test sperm binding to eggs. 
D)  S. franciscanus is probably not a sea urchin, but must be some other type of organism.

Question 7

Which of the following is common to the development of birds and mammals?

Accepted Answer

A)  the formation of an embryonic epiblast and hypoblast 
B)  the formation of an embryonic trophoblast 
C)  the formation of an embryonic yolk plug 
D)  the formation of an embryonic gray crescent 
A)  the formation of an embryonic epiblast and hypoblast 
B)  the formation of an embryonic trophoblast 
C)  the formation of an embryonic yolk plug 
D)  the formation of an embryonic gray crescent

Question 8

Identical twins are possible in humans because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cytoplasmic determinants are distributed unevenly in unfertilized eggs 
B)  extraembryonic cells interact with the zygote nucleus 
C)  early blastomeres can form a complete embryo if isolated 
D)  the gray crescent divides the dorsal-ventral axis into new cells 
A)  cytoplasmic determinants are distributed unevenly in unfertilized eggs 
B)  extraembryonic cells interact with the zygote nucleus 
C)  early blastomeres can form a complete embryo if isolated 
D)  the gray crescent divides the dorsal-ventral axis into new cells

Exam 46: Development in Animals

The cortical reaction of sea urchin eggs functions directly in ________.

Cell migration occurs extensively as part of which of the following processes?

In mammalian eggs, the receptors for sperm are found in which of the following locations?

Which of the following is common to the development of both birds and mammals?

Which of the following is an adult organism that has fewer than 1,000 cells?

Which of the following is common to the development of birds and mammals?

Identical twins are possible in humans because ________.

Biology and Its Themes

Atoms and Molecules

The Chemistry of Water

Carbon: the Basis of Molecular Diversity

Biological Macromolecules and Lipids

Energy and Life

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membranes

Cellular Signaling

Cell Respiration

Photosynthetic Processes

Mitosis

Sexual Life Cycles and Meiosis

Mendelian Genetics

Linkage and Chromosomes

Nucleic Acids and Inheritance

Expression of Genes

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technology

The Evolution of Genomes

How Evolution Works

Phylogenetic Reconstruction

Microevolution

Species and Speciation

Macroevolution

Introduction to Viruses

Prokaryotes

The Origin and Evolution of Eukaryotes

Nonvascular and Seedless Vascular Plants

Seed Plants

Introduction to Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Structure and Growth

Transport in Vascular Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Behavior

The Animal Body

Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Digestive Systems

Animal Transport Systems

Animal Excretory Systems

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Defenses Against Infection

Electrical Signals in Animals

Neural Regulation in Animals

Sensation and Movement in Animals

An Overview of Ecology

Behavioral Ecology

Populations and Life History Traits

Biodiversity and Communities

Energy Flow and Chemical Cycling in Ecosystems

Conservation and Global Ecology

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