Exam 16: Nucleic Acids and Inheritance

Which of the following statements accurately describes the structure of a eukaryotic chromosome?

Rosalind Franklin's X-ray crystallography data suggested DNA is double stranded and has a uniform diameter. These observations can be used to rule out base pairing between two of the same nucleotide because ________.

Which of the following is most likely to result from reduced or very little active telomerase activity?

Which of the following investigators was (were) responsible for determining that DNA contains equal amounts of adenine and thymine, and equal amounts of guanine and cytosine?

Telomere shortening puts a limit on the number of times a cell can divide. Research has shown that telomerase can extend the life span of cultured human cells. Which of the following best explains the effect of telomerase on cellular aging?

After DNA replication, the resulting daughter DNA double helix contains one strand of the original parental DNA and one new strand. What is the explanation for this phenomenon?

The elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis ________.

Use the figure to answer the following question. A space probe returns with a culture of a microorganism found on a distant planet. Analysis shows that it is a carbon-based life-form that has DNA. You grow the cells in "heavy" (radioactive) nitrogen (15N) for several generations and then transfer them to 14N medium. Which pattern in the figure would you expect if the DNA was replicated in a conservative manner?

Who performed classic experiments that supported the semiconservative model of DNA replication?

Frederick Griffith heat-killed a culture of pathogenic bacteria. He split the sample and injected half of it into mice. The mice lived. He then mixed the other half of the sample with a living, nonpathogenic bacteria strain and injected the mixture into mice. The mice died. Which of the following describes a treatment that would help clarify interpretation of these data?

A student isolates, purifies, and combines in a test tube a variety of molecules needed for DNA replication. When she adds some DNA to the mixture, replication occurs, but each DNA molecule consists of a normal strand paired with numerous segments of DNA a few hundred nucleotides long. What has she probably left out of the mixture?

In bacteria, what is the function of DNA polymerase III?

Semiconservative replication involves a template. Which of the following best describes the template molecule?

Which of the following characteristics of DNA allows it to carry a vast amount of hereditary information?

Which list the provides the correct enzyme order required for nucleotide excision repair of a thymine dimer?

Which of the following statements accurately describes differences between DNA replication in prokaryotes and DNA replication in eukaryotes?

In his work with pneumonia-causing bacteria and mice, Griffith found that ________.

Exposure to the UV radiation in sunlight causes DNA changes in skin cells. Why are these changes more harmful when they occur in an individual with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) than in an individual who does not have this disorder?

Which of the following characteristics allowed Hershey and Chase to determine whether the genetic material was made of DNA or protein?

Which of the following types of cells are affected most by telomere shortening?