Question 1

There is a definition of personality that most theorists agree on.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Freud argued that by the age of five years,all the basic structures of personality were fully developed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Discuss the research evidence to support the notion that particular personality types have an influence on an individual's experience of health.

Accepted Answer

There is a growing body of research that suggests that particular personality types can have an influence on an individual's experience of health. One of the most well-known theories in this area is the Type A and Type B personality theory. Type A individuals are typically described as competitive, ambitious, and aggressive, while Type B individuals are more relaxed and laid-back.

Research has shown that Type A individuals may be more prone to stress-related health problems, such as heart disease and high blood pressure, due to their high levels of competitiveness and ambition. On the other hand, Type B individuals may experience better overall health and lower levels of stress due to their more relaxed nature.

Another personality trait that has been linked to health outcomes is neuroticism. Individuals high in neuroticism tend to experience higher levels of anxiety, depression, and stress, which can have a negative impact on their physical health. Conversely, individuals high in traits such as conscientiousness and optimism have been shown to have better overall health and a lower risk of developing chronic diseases.

It's important to note that while there is evidence to support the influence of personality on health outcomes, the relationship is complex and can be influenced by a variety of factors such as genetics, environment, and lifestyle choices. Additionally, individual differences within personality types can also play a role in how they impact health. Overall, the research suggests that personality does have an influence on an individual's experience of health, but more research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms behind this relationship.

Question 4

Freud's interpretation of an adult with an anal retentive character would most likely be that it was due to:

Accepted Answer

A)  poor maternal attachment 
B)  parent modelling and interaction 
C)  stress and trauma during the oral stage of development 
D)  fixation at the anal stage of development 
A)  poor maternal attachment 
B)  parent modelling and interaction 
C)  stress and trauma during the oral stage of development 
D)  fixation at the anal stage of development

Question 5

Which of the following theorists is not associated with the psychoanalytic approach to personality?

Accepted Answer

A)  Watson 
B)  Erikson 
C)  Freud 
D)  Marcia 
A)  Watson 
B)  Erikson 
C)  Freud 
D)  Marcia

Question 6

Freud tested his theory of psychosexual stages of personality development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

According to Erikson,an ideal final stage of personality development is what?

Accepted Answer

A)  acceptance 
B)  integrity 
C)  care 
D)  wisdom 
A)  acceptance 
B)  integrity 
C)  care 
D)  wisdom

Question 8

McCrae asserts that the Five Factor Model (FFM)varies across cultures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which model/theory integrates social cognitive and trait approaches to personality development?

Accepted Answer

A)  social investment theory 
B)  sociogenomic model 
C)  sociobiological model 
D)  social cognitive theory 
A)  social investment theory 
B)  sociogenomic model 
C)  sociobiological model 
D)  social cognitive theory

Question 10

Research fails to support Bandura's notion that personality development must be included in the social context.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which research design/method would be the best way to test Freud's theory of psychosexual development?

Accepted Answer

A)  cross-sectional design 
B)  interview methods 
C)  cross-sequential design 
D)  longitudinal design 
A)  cross-sectional design 
B)  interview methods 
C)  cross-sequential design 
D)  longitudinal design

Question 12

Which approach is generally associated with Eysenck (1994),and McCrae & Costa (2003)?

Accepted Answer

A)  biological trait approach 
B)  psychoanalytic approach 
C)  humanist approach 
D)  behaviourist approach 
A)  biological trait approach 
B)  psychoanalytic approach 
C)  humanist approach 
D)  behaviourist approach

Question 13

A distinction between Erikson's and Freud's theories of personality development is that Erikson's is psychosocial in nature and Freud's is a psychosexual theory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

According to Erikson,identity is:

Accepted Answer

A)  an individually constructed sense of who one is 
B)  an individually constructed sense of who one has been and who one can realistically be in the future 
C)  a socially constructed sense of who one is in relation to others 
D)  both A and B are correct 
A)  an individually constructed sense of who one is 
B)  an individually constructed sense of who one has been and who one can realistically be in the future 
C)  a socially constructed sense of who one is in relation to others 
D)  both A and B are correct

Question 15

Eysenck would describe an individual who presents as aggressive,cold and impulsive as being:

Accepted Answer

A)  neurotic 
B)  psychotic 
C)  narcissistic 
D)  extroverted 
A)  neurotic 
B)  psychotic 
C)  narcissistic 
D)  extroverted

Question 16

With the appropriate reinforcement contingencies,behaviourists propose that humans are trainable and therefore any behaviour can be changed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The sociogenomic model highlights how traits cause changes in states.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

There is a bi-directional relationship between an infant and mother on personality influence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

To what extent can personality change across the lifespan? Use evidence from empirical studies and theoretical approaches to substantiate your response.

Accepted Answer

Personality can change across the lifesp

Question 20

Research shows that men high on neuroticism have a high mortality risk.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

There is a definition of personality that most theorists agree on.

Freud argued that by the age of five years,all the basic structures of personality were fully developed.

Discuss the research evidence to support the notion that particular personality types have an influence on an individual's experience of health.

Freud's interpretation of an adult with an anal retentive character would most likely be that it was due to:

Which of the following theorists is not associated with the psychoanalytic approach to personality?

Freud tested his theory of psychosexual stages of personality development.

According to Erikson,an ideal final stage of personality development is what?

McCrae asserts that the Five Factor Model (FFM)varies across cultures.

Which model/theory integrates social cognitive and trait approaches to personality development?

Research fails to support Bandura's notion that personality development must be included in the social context.

Which research design/method would be the best way to test Freud's theory of psychosexual development?

Which approach is generally associated with Eysenck (1994),and McCrae & Costa (2003)?

A distinction between Erikson's and Freud's theories of personality development is that Erikson's is psychosocial in nature and Freud's is a psychosexual theory.

According to Erikson,identity is:

Eysenck would describe an individual who presents as aggressive,cold and impulsive as being:

With the appropriate reinforcement contingencies,behaviourists propose that humans are trainable and therefore any behaviour can be changed.

The sociogenomic model highlights how traits cause changes in states.

There is a bi-directional relationship between an infant and mother on personality influence.

To what extent can personality change across the lifespan? Use evidence from empirical studies and theoretical approaches to substantiate your response.

Research shows that men high on neuroticism have a high mortality risk.

Introduction to developmental psychology

Foundations of development: Genetics and prenatal development

Physical and motor development

Perceptual development

Stages of cognitive development

Cognitive development II

Language development

Social development

Emotional development

Model development

Psychological problems and development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 8: Personality development

There is a definition of personality that most theorists agree on.

Freud argued that by the age of five years,all the basic structures of personality were fully developed.

Discuss the research evidence to support the notion that particular personality types have an influence on an individual's experience of health.

Freud's interpretation of an adult with an anal retentive character would most likely be that it was due to:

Which of the following theorists is not associated with the psychoanalytic approach to personality?

Freud tested his theory of psychosexual stages of personality development.

According to Erikson,an ideal final stage of personality development is what?

McCrae asserts that the Five Factor Model (FFM)varies across cultures.

Which model/theory integrates social cognitive and trait approaches to personality development?

Research fails to support Bandura's notion that personality development must be included in the social context.

Which research design/method would be the best way to test Freud's theory of psychosexual development?

Which approach is generally associated with Eysenck (1994),and McCrae & Costa (2003)?

A distinction between Erikson's and Freud's theories of personality development is that Erikson's is psychosocial in nature and Freud's is a psychosexual theory.

According to Erikson,identity is:

Eysenck would describe an individual who presents as aggressive,cold and impulsive as being:

With the appropriate reinforcement contingencies,behaviourists propose that humans are trainable and therefore any behaviour can be changed.

The sociogenomic model highlights how traits cause changes in states.

There is a bi-directional relationship between an infant and mother on personality influence.

To what extent can personality change across the lifespan? Use evidence from empirical studies and theoretical approaches to substantiate your response.

Research shows that men high on neuroticism have a high mortality risk.

Introduction to developmental psychology

Foundations of development: Genetics and prenatal development

Physical and motor development

Perceptual development

Stages of cognitive development

Cognitive development II

Language development

Social development

Emotional development

Model development

Psychological problems and development

Conclusions

Filters