Question 1

According to Erikson's theory,if children emerge without sufficient trust in adults,they are likely to have adjustment problems later in life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

According to McCrae and Costa,individuals who are high on agreeableness are trusting.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Why do some researchers believe that Marcia's paradigm is not an accurate conceptualisation of Erikson's epigenetic framework?

Accepted Answer

A)  because it does not describe the evolving nature of identity in childhood 
B)  because it does not describe the evolving nature of identity in adulthood 
C)  because the stages are not continuous and do not continue to build upon the previous stage 
D)  none of these answers is correct because Marcia's paradigm is an accurate conceptualisation of Erikson's epigenetic framework 
A)  because it does not describe the evolving nature of identity in childhood 
B)  because it does not describe the evolving nature of identity in adulthood 
C)  because the stages are not continuous and do not continue to build upon the previous stage 
D)  none of these answers is correct because Marcia's paradigm is an accurate conceptualisation of Erikson's epigenetic framework

Question 4

The most accurate definition of 'personality' is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the thought and behaviour of an individual that is most representative of the person 
B)  the essence of human condition 
C)  what is most typical and deeply characteristic of the person 
D)  there is no single agreed upon definition 
A)  the thought and behaviour of an individual that is most representative of the person 
B)  the essence of human condition 
C)  what is most typical and deeply characteristic of the person 
D)  there is no single agreed upon definition

Question 5

Observational learning and modelling are key to personal change according to Bandura.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Behaviourists tend to avoid hypothetical constructs and therefore did not utilise the term 'personality'.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Freud's psychosexual approach to personality development was centred on:

Accepted Answer

A)  an erotogenic zone 
B)  sexuality relating to genitals and intercourse 
C)  sexuality relating to affection and physical pleasure 
D)  both A and C are correct 
A)  an erotogenic zone 
B)  sexuality relating to genitals and intercourse 
C)  sexuality relating to affection and physical pleasure 
D)  both A and C are correct

Question 8

The triadic reciprocal determinism proposes:

Accepted Answer

A)  that the individual's behaviour, cognitions and affective systems interact to affect one another 
B)  that the environment, the individual's familial culture, and the affective systems that constitute the person interact to affect one another 
C)  that the physical and social environment, the individual's behaviour, and the affective and cognitive systems that constitute the person interact to affect one another 
D)  that the physical and social systems of the individual, the individual's behaviour, and the affective and cognitive systems that constitute the person interact to affect one another 
A)  that the individual's behaviour, cognitions and affective systems interact to affect one another 
B)  that the environment, the individual's familial culture, and the affective systems that constitute the person interact to affect one another 
C)  that the physical and social environment, the individual's behaviour, and the affective and cognitive systems that constitute the person interact to affect one another 
D)  that the physical and social systems of the individual, the individual's behaviour, and the affective and cognitive systems that constitute the person interact to affect one another

Question 9

Eysenck named three main personality types: extroversion,neuroticism and conscientious.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which theorist was the first to recognise that personality develops across the lifespan?

Accepted Answer

A)  Erikson 
B)  Freud 
C)  Marcia 
D)  Eysenck 
A)  Erikson 
B)  Freud 
C)  Marcia 
D)  Eysenck

Question 11

Identity formation is described by Erikson as the 'primary challenge of adolescence'.What are the key influences on adolescent identity formation? Identify another significant challenge that influences adolescent development today.

Accepted Answer

The key influences on adolescent identit

Question 12

According to Erikson,the key conflict in adolescent personality development is:

Accepted Answer

A)  independence vs confusion 
B)  intimacy vs isolation 
C)  industry vs inferiority 
D)  identity vs confusion 
A)  independence vs confusion 
B)  intimacy vs isolation 
C)  industry vs inferiority 
D)  identity vs confusion

Question 13

According to Erikson,the epigenetic principle is:

Accepted Answer

A)  a principle of personality development 
B)  based on the premise that one stage emerges and builds on another without replacing the previous one 
C)  based on the premise that one stage emerges and builds on another while replacing the previous one 
D)  both A and B are correct 
A)  a principle of personality development 
B)  based on the premise that one stage emerges and builds on another without replacing the previous one 
C)  based on the premise that one stage emerges and builds on another while replacing the previous one 
D)  both A and B are correct

Question 14

According to Bandura,what is the core of personality and development?

Accepted Answer

A)  self-efficacy 
B)  family-system 
C)  self-system 
D)  none of these answers is correct 
A)  self-efficacy 
B)  family-system 
C)  self-system 
D)  none of these answers is correct

Question 15

An individual who is high on neuroticism and low on agreeableness would be described by McCrae and Costa as being:

Accepted Answer

A)  temperamental and lazy 
B)  temperamental and conservative 
C)  worrying and suspicious 
D)  worrying and acquiescent 
A)  temperamental and lazy 
B)  temperamental and conservative 
C)  worrying and suspicious 
D)  worrying and acquiescent

Question 16

The extent to which a person's essence,character and behaviour change over the lifespan can be labelled:

Accepted Answer

A)  personality 
B)  personality development 
C)  personality theory 
D)  all of these answers are correct 
A)  personality 
B)  personality development 
C)  personality theory 
D)  all of these answers are correct

Question 17

Cross-sectional studies of personality development are an accurate way to identify differences between age groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

According to the behavioural parent training (BPT)program,which of the following would be used by parents to extinguish poor behaviours?

Accepted Answer

A)  ignoring the child 
B)  time-out 
C)  spanking the child 
D)  both A and B are correct 
A)  ignoring the child 
B)  time-out 
C)  spanking the child 
D)  both A and B are correct

Question 19

Compare and contrast the stage theories of personality development proposed by Erikson and Freud.Identify and explain at least three similarities and three differences.

Accepted Answer

Erik Erikson and Sigmund Freud were both

Question 20

According to Skinner:

Accepted Answer

A)  mental events are never causal in producing behaviour 
B)  all behaviour is caused by environmental stimuli 
C)  individuals differ in their consistent behaviour because they have been exposed to different learning histories 
D)  all of these answers are correct 
A)  mental events are never causal in producing behaviour 
B)  all behaviour is caused by environmental stimuli 
C)  individuals differ in their consistent behaviour because they have been exposed to different learning histories 
D)  all of these answers are correct

According to Erikson's theory,if children emerge without sufficient trust in adults,they are likely to have adjustment problems later in life.

According to McCrae and Costa,individuals who are high on agreeableness are trusting.

Why do some researchers believe that Marcia's paradigm is not an accurate conceptualisation of Erikson's epigenetic framework?

The most accurate definition of 'personality' is:

Observational learning and modelling are key to personal change according to Bandura.

Behaviourists tend to avoid hypothetical constructs and therefore did not utilise the term 'personality'.

Freud's psychosexual approach to personality development was centred on:

The triadic reciprocal determinism proposes:

Eysenck named three main personality types: extroversion,neuroticism and conscientious.

Which theorist was the first to recognise that personality develops across the lifespan?

Identity formation is described by Erikson as the 'primary challenge of adolescence'.What are the key influences on adolescent identity formation? Identify another significant challenge that influences adolescent development today.

According to Erikson,the key conflict in adolescent personality development is:

According to Erikson,the epigenetic principle is:

According to Bandura,what is the core of personality and development?

An individual who is high on neuroticism and low on agreeableness would be described by McCrae and Costa as being:

The extent to which a person's essence,character and behaviour change over the lifespan can be labelled:

Cross-sectional studies of personality development are an accurate way to identify differences between age groups.

According to the behavioural parent training (BPT)program,which of the following would be used by parents to extinguish poor behaviours?

Compare and contrast the stage theories of personality development proposed by Erikson and Freud.Identify and explain at least three similarities and three differences.

According to Skinner:

Introduction to developmental psychology

Foundations of development: Genetics and prenatal development

Physical and motor development

Perceptual development

Stages of cognitive development

Cognitive development II

Language development

Social development

Emotional development

Model development

Psychological problems and development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 8: Personality development

According to Erikson's theory,if children emerge without sufficient trust in adults,they are likely to have adjustment problems later in life.

According to McCrae and Costa,individuals who are high on agreeableness are trusting.

Why do some researchers believe that Marcia's paradigm is not an accurate conceptualisation of Erikson's epigenetic framework?

The most accurate definition of 'personality' is:

Observational learning and modelling are key to personal change according to Bandura.

Behaviourists tend to avoid hypothetical constructs and therefore did not utilise the term 'personality'.

Freud's psychosexual approach to personality development was centred on:

The triadic reciprocal determinism proposes:

Eysenck named three main personality types: extroversion,neuroticism and conscientious.

Which theorist was the first to recognise that personality develops across the lifespan?

Identity formation is described by Erikson as the 'primary challenge of adolescence'.What are the key influences on adolescent identity formation? Identify another significant challenge that influences adolescent development today.

According to Erikson,the key conflict in adolescent personality development is:

According to Erikson,the epigenetic principle is:

According to Bandura,what is the core of personality and development?

An individual who is high on neuroticism and low on agreeableness would be described by McCrae and Costa as being:

The extent to which a person's essence,character and behaviour change over the lifespan can be labelled:

Cross-sectional studies of personality development are an accurate way to identify differences between age groups.

According to the behavioural parent training (BPT)program,which of the following would be used by parents to extinguish poor behaviours?

Compare and contrast the stage theories of personality development proposed by Erikson and Freud.Identify and explain at least three similarities and three differences.

According to Skinner:

Introduction to developmental psychology

Foundations of development: Genetics and prenatal development

Physical and motor development

Perceptual development

Stages of cognitive development

Cognitive development II

Language development

Social development

Emotional development

Model development

Psychological problems and development

Conclusions

Filters