Question 1

The similarity between the bodies of sharks and dolphins is an example of convergent evolution.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Membership in a clade cannot be established by shared ancestral traits alone.
_____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

MATCHING
Choose the best match for the definiton.
a.arranging organisms into groups based on similarities that show evolutionary relationshops
d.evolutionary ancestor of a group of organisms from a common ancestor
b.the scientific study of the diversity of organisms and their evolutionary relationships
e.group of organisms with a common ancestor
c.the science of naming, describing and classifying organisms
-Describe the significance and relationship of the genus and species taxons.If there were not humans on earth to classify organisms, would species still exist?

Accepted Answer

Species are nested in the broader taxon

Question 4

The evolutionary history of a group of organisms from a common ancestor is termed:

Accepted Answer

A)  biohistory. 
B)  phylogeny. 
C)  phrenology. 
D)  phenetics. 
E)  species origenetics. 
A)  biohistory. 
B)  phylogeny. 
C)  phrenology. 
D)  phenetics. 
E)  species origenetics.

Question 5

Which classification level would be the most inclusive?

Accepted Answer

A)  genus 
B)  family 
C)  phylum 
D)  order 
E)  class 
A)  genus 
B)  family 
C)  phylum 
D)  order 
E)  class

Question 6

Which classification level would be the least inclusive?

Accepted Answer

A)  genus 
B)  family 
C)  phylum 
D)  order 
E)  class 
A)  genus 
B)  family 
C)  phylum 
D)  order 
E)  class

Question 7

Shared ancestral characters may also be called:

Accepted Answer

A)  heteroplastic characters. 
B)  synapomorphic characters. 
C)  plesiomorphic characters. 
D)  outgroups. 
E)  phenetic characters. 
A)  heteroplastic characters. 
B)  synapomorphic characters. 
C)  plesiomorphic characters. 
D)  outgroups. 
E)  phenetic characters.

Question 8

Humans depend on other organisms to provide all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  soil. 
B)  declining biodiversity. 
C)  pharmaceuticals. 
D)  a balance in atmospheric CO2 and O2. 
E)  recycling of nutrients. 
A)  soil. 
B)  declining biodiversity. 
C)  pharmaceuticals. 
D)  a balance in atmospheric CO2 and O2. 
E)  recycling of nutrients.

Question 9

Dolphins share synapomorphies with dolphins.
_____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The original two Kingdoms that were established to organize living organisms were:

Accepted Answer

A)  Protista and Animalia. 
B)  Eukaryotae and Prokaryotae. 
C)  Plantae and Animalia. 
D)  Plantae and Eukarya. 
E)  Eubacteria and Eukarya. 
A)  Protista and Animalia. 
B)  Eukaryotae and Prokaryotae. 
C)  Plantae and Animalia. 
D)  Plantae and Eukarya. 
E)  Eubacteria and Eukarya.

Question 11

Which taxon has been assigned to a number of "supergroups" ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Class Carnivora. 
B)  Order Carnivora. 
C)  Phylum Protists 
D)  Class Chordata. 
E)  Order Mammalia. 
A)  Class Carnivora. 
B)  Order Carnivora. 
C)  Phylum Protists 
D)  Class Chordata. 
E)  Order Mammalia.

Question 12

Figure 23-2
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-In Figure 23-2, the pair of organisms that have the most recent ancestor is:

Accepted Answer

A)  2 and 4. 
B)  6 and 4. 
C)  4 and 5. 
D)  2 and 3. 
E)  1 and 2. 
A)  2 and 4. 
B)  6 and 4. 
C)  4 and 5. 
D)  2 and 3. 
E)  1 and 2.

Question 13

The number of similarities in certain DNA or RNA nucleotide or amino acid sequences may be used as a molecular clock to indicate how much time has passed since the groups branched from a common ancestor.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Figure 23-2
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-In Figure 23-2, the taxon labeled II is:

Accepted Answer

A)  monophyletic. 
B)  paraphyletic. 
C)  polyphyletic. 
D)  a clade. 
E)  an outgroup. 
A)  monophyletic. 
B)  paraphyletic. 
C)  polyphyletic. 
D)  a clade. 
E)  an outgroup.

Question 15

When faced with multiple possible cladograms, the criteria of __________ is employed.

Accepted Answer

A)  biodiversity 
B)  subtraction 
C)  evolutionary deduction 
D)  parsimony 
E)  cladology 
A)  biodiversity 
B)  subtraction 
C)  evolutionary deduction 
D)  parsimony 
E)  cladology

Question 16

Contrast the following terms: monophyletic, paraphyletic, and polyphyletic.Provide one example for each.

Accepted Answer

A monophyletic group includes an ancestr

Question 17

A taxon that diverges earlier than the other taxa being considered in cladistic analysis is:

Accepted Answer

A)  a homologous taxon. 
B)  an outgroup. 
C)  a derived taxon. 
D)  an Amphioxus. 
E)  a clade. 
A)  a homologous taxon. 
B)  an outgroup. 
C)  a derived taxon. 
D)  an Amphioxus. 
E)  a clade.

Question 18

Some biologists are considering adopting a different classification scheme based on common ancestors called:

Accepted Answer

A)  BioDiversity. 
B)  the biological BarCode. 
C)  the phylogical guide. 
D)  the molecular blueprint. 
E)  PhyloCode. 
A)  BioDiversity. 
B)  the biological BarCode. 
C)  the phylogical guide. 
D)  the molecular blueprint. 
E)  PhyloCode.

Question 19

The scientific study of the diversity of organisms and the evolutionary relationships between them is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  taxonomy. 
B)  ecology. 
C)  biological classification. 
D)  evolutionary biology. 
E)  systematics. 
A)  taxonomy. 
B)  ecology. 
C)  biological classification. 
D)  evolutionary biology. 
E)  systematics.

Question 20

In 1969 RH Whittaker proposed a 5 kingdom classification based mainly on?

Accepted Answer

A)  Size and color of cells 
B)  Ability to reproduce and develop 
C)  Cell structure and how an organism derived nutrition 
D)  Electronic microscopy and biochemisrty 
E)  RNA sequence analysis 
A)  Size and color of cells 
B)  Ability to reproduce and develop 
C)  Cell structure and how an organism derived nutrition 
D)  Electronic microscopy and biochemisrty 
E)  RNA sequence analysis

Exam 23: Understanding Diversity: Systematics

The similarity between the bodies of sharks and dolphins is an example of convergent evolution.

Membership in a clade cannot be established by shared ancestral traits alone. _____________________

The evolutionary history of a group of organisms from a common ancestor is termed:

Which classification level would be the most inclusive?

Which classification level would be the least inclusive?

Shared ancestral characters may also be called:

Humans depend on other organisms to provide all of the following except:

Dolphins share synapomorphies with dolphins. _____________________

The original two Kingdoms that were established to organize living organisms were:

Which taxon has been assigned to a number of "supergroups" ?

Figure 23-2 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -In Figure 23-2, the pair of organisms that have the most recent ancestor is:

The number of similarities in certain DNA or RNA nucleotide or amino acid sequences may be used as a molecular clock to indicate how much time has passed since the groups branched from a common ancestor. __________________

Figure 23-2 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -In Figure 23-2, the taxon labeled II is:

When faced with multiple possible cladograms, the criteria of __________ is employed.

Contrast the following terms: monophyletic, paraphyletic, and polyphyletic.Provide one example for each.

A taxon that diverges earlier than the other taxa being considered in cladistic analysis is:

Some biologists are considering adopting a different classification scheme based on common ancestors called:

The scientific study of the diversity of organisms and the evolutionary relationships between them is referred to as:

In 1969 RH Whittaker proposed a 5 kingdom classification based mainly on?

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters