Question 1

Anaerobic respiration differs from aerobic respiration in that anaerobic respiration:

Accepted Answer

A)  can utilize NO3 - as the terminal electron acceptor. 
B)  can utilize O2 as the terminal electron acceptor. 
C)  produces CO2. 
D)  produces ATP. 
E)  involves an electron transport chain. 
A)  can utilize NO3 - as the terminal electron acceptor. 
B)  can utilize O2 as the terminal electron acceptor. 
C)  produces CO2. 
D)  produces ATP. 
E)  involves an electron transport chain.

Question 2

MATCHING
Match the stage of cellular respiration with the correct process.
a.citric acid cycle
c.electron transport and chemiosmosis
b.glycolysis
d.formation of acetyl CoA
-Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is split into two sugars.

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the stage of cellular respiration with...

Question 3

If yeasts are grown under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted first to __________ and then to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  citrate; oxaloacetate 
B)  acetyl coenzyme A; citrate 
C)  lactate; carbon dioxide 
D)  acetaldehyde; ethyl alcohol 
E)  acetaldehyde; lactate 
A)  citrate; oxaloacetate 
B)  acetyl coenzyme A; citrate 
C)  lactate; carbon dioxide 
D)  acetaldehyde; ethyl alcohol 
E)  acetaldehyde; lactate

Question 4

If conditions are aerobic, pyruvate flows directly into the __________ where some of its atoms are converted next to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cytosol; oxaloacetate 
B)  cytosol; ATP 
C)  mitochondria; glucose-6-phosphate 
D)  mitochondia; acetyl coenzyme A 
E)  mitochondria; citrate 
A)  cytosol; oxaloacetate 
B)  cytosol; ATP 
C)  mitochondria; glucose-6-phosphate 
D)  mitochondia; acetyl coenzyme A 
E)  mitochondria; citrate

Question 5

Peter Mitchell demonstrated ATP production by aerobic bacteria by placing the bacteria in:

Accepted Answer

A)  an acidic environment. 
B)  a basic environment. 
C)  an aqueous environment. 
D)  a buffered environment. 
E)  a nonpolar environment. 
A)  an acidic environment. 
B)  a basic environment. 
C)  an aqueous environment. 
D)  a buffered environment. 
E)  a nonpolar environment.

Question 6

Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic pathways used by cells to extract energy from organic molecules.Include the mechanism of ATP formation, the final electron acceptor, and the end products in your comparison.

Accepted Answer

In both aerobic and anaerobic pathways,

Question 7

Substrate level phosphorylation reactions occur in the process of chemiosmosis.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

MATCHING
Match the stage of cellular respiration with the correct process.
a.citric acid cycle
c.electron transport and chemiosmosis
b.glycolysis
d.formation of acetyl CoA
-FAD is converted to FADH2 .

Accepted Answer

Question 9

Which of the following is not one of the starting materials of the citric acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  FAD 
B)  NAD+ 
C)  acetyl CoA 
D)  ATP 
E)  H2O 
A)  FAD 
B)  NAD+ 
C)  acetyl CoA 
D)  ATP 
E)  H2O

Question 10

Which of the following statements concerning anabolic reactions is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are generally endergonic. 
B)  They usually require ATP. 
C)  They are part of metabolism. 
D)  They may produce polysaccharides from monosaccharides. 
E)  They may split complex molecules into their components. 
A)  They are generally endergonic. 
B)  They usually require ATP. 
C)  They are part of metabolism. 
D)  They may produce polysaccharides from monosaccharides. 
E)  They may split complex molecules into their components.

Question 11

The splitting of molecules into smaller components is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  anabolism. 
B)  metabolism. 
C)  catabolism. 
D)  redox. 
E)  photosynthesis. 
A)  anabolism. 
B)  metabolism. 
C)  catabolism. 
D)  redox. 
E)  photosynthesis.

Question 12

The production of alcohol or lactate from pyruvate during __________ occurs as a means of regenerating __________ from __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  aerobic respiration; NAD+; NADH 
B)  fermentation; NAD+; NADH 
C)  fermentation; NADH; NAD+ 
D)  fermentation; ADP; ATP 
E)  aerobic respiration; ATP; ADP 
A)  aerobic respiration; NAD+; NADH 
B)  fermentation; NAD+; NADH 
C)  fermentation; NADH; NAD+ 
D)  fermentation; ADP; ATP 
E)  aerobic respiration; ATP; ADP

Question 13

Select the anaerobic pathway.

Accepted Answer

A)  aerobic respiration 
B)  citric acid cycle 
C)  electron transport chain 
D)  fermentation 
E)  chemiosmosis 
A)  aerobic respiration 
B)  citric acid cycle 
C)  electron transport chain 
D)  fermentation 
E)  chemiosmosis

Question 14

The downhill flow of protons through the ATP synthase complex powers the production of ATP.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The stage of cellular respiration in which most of the ATP is produced is the citric acid cycle.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Coenzyme Q:

Accepted Answer

A)  transfers electrons. 
B)  oxidizes glucose. 
C)  is the ultimate source of energy in the citric acid cycle. 
D)  transfers phosphate to ATP. 
E)  reduces glucose. 
A)  transfers electrons. 
B)  oxidizes glucose. 
C)  is the ultimate source of energy in the citric acid cycle. 
D)  transfers phosphate to ATP. 
E)  reduces glucose.

Question 17

In the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxaloacetate reacts with acetyl CoA forming citrate.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Identify and briefly describe the process(es) of cellular respiration that occur in the mitochondria.Indicate the amount of ATP, NADH, and FADH2 produced in each process.

Accepted Answer

The processes that occur in the mitochon

Question 19

The transfer of electrons from glucose to oxygen during aerobic respiration takes place in a stepwise fashion through a number of intermediates rather than by direct transfer.This is because:

Accepted Answer

A)  it is chemically impossible to transfer electrons directly from glucose to oxygen. 
B)  the chemical intermediates donate some of their electrons in order to increase the electron pool. 
C)  the energy of the electrons can be used to make ADP. 
D)  the energy of the electrons can be used to make ATP. 
E)  the energy of the protons can be used to make ATP. 
A)  it is chemically impossible to transfer electrons directly from glucose to oxygen. 
B)  the chemical intermediates donate some of their electrons in order to increase the electron pool. 
C)  the energy of the electrons can be used to make ADP. 
D)  the energy of the electrons can be used to make ATP. 
E)  the energy of the protons can be used to make ATP.

Question 20

In glycolysis, glucose receives two phosphate groups from __________, thus forming fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate.

Accepted Answer

A)  ADP 
B)  ATP 
C)  a bisphosphate group 
D)  fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate 
E)  G3P 
A)  ADP 
B)  ATP 
C)  a bisphosphate group 
D)  fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate 
E)  G3P

Exam 8: How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Anaerobic respiration differs from aerobic respiration in that anaerobic respiration:

MATCHING Match the stage of cellular respiration with the correct process. a.citric acid cycle c.electron transport and chemiosmosis b.glycolysis d.formation of acetyl CoA -Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is split into two sugars.

If yeasts are grown under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted first to __________ and then to __________.

If conditions are aerobic, pyruvate flows directly into the __________ where some of its atoms are converted next to __________.

Peter Mitchell demonstrated ATP production by aerobic bacteria by placing the bacteria in:

Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic pathways used by cells to extract energy from organic molecules.Include the mechanism of ATP formation, the final electron acceptor, and the end products in your comparison.

Substrate level phosphorylation reactions occur in the process of chemiosmosis. __________________

MATCHING Match the stage of cellular respiration with the correct process. a.citric acid cycle c.electron transport and chemiosmosis b.glycolysis d.formation of acetyl CoA -FAD is converted to FADH2 .

Which of the following is not one of the starting materials of the citric acid?

Which of the following statements concerning anabolic reactions is FALSE?

The splitting of molecules into smaller components is referred to as:

The production of alcohol or lactate from pyruvate during __________ occurs as a means of regenerating __________ from __________.

Select the anaerobic pathway.

The downhill flow of protons through the ATP synthase complex powers the production of ATP. __________________

The stage of cellular respiration in which most of the ATP is produced is the citric acid cycle. __________________

Coenzyme Q:

In the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxaloacetate reacts with acetyl CoA forming citrate. __________________

Identify and briefly describe the process(es) of cellular respiration that occur in the mitochondria.Indicate the amount of ATP, NADH, and FADH2 produced in each process.

The transfer of electrons from glucose to oxygen during aerobic respiration takes place in a stepwise fashion through a number of intermediates rather than by direct transfer.This is because:

In glycolysis, glucose receives two phosphate groups from __________, thus forming fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

If yeasts are grown under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted first to and then to .

If conditions are aerobic, pyruvate flows directly into the where some of its atoms are converted next to .

MATCHING Match the stage of cellular respiration with the correct process. a.citric acid cycle c.electron transport and chemiosmosis b.glycolysis d.formation of acetyl CoA -FAD is converted to FADH₂.

The production of alcohol or lactate from pyruvate during occurs as a means of regenerating from __.

Identify and briefly describe the process(es) of cellular respiration that occur in the mitochondria.Indicate the amount of ATP, NADH, and FADH₂ produced in each process.