Exam 1: The Study of Human Development

Even though Pretty was never reinforced directly for doing so, she increased the frequency of her studying after she saw her friend Bonolo get a lot of attention when she studied. This is most likely an example of

Who would have the least amount of interest in children's thinking?

The fact that Shamima likes to watch reality television and her grandfather prefers watching 1960s television westerns is probably best explained by

A researcher is going to do a longitudinal study of cognitive development in primary school children. What problems may this researcher have that could be avoided if she were to do a cross-sectional study instead?

Qualitative research differs from quantitative research because it

The advantage of the ____design is that it allows a researcher to synthesise data from numerous studies.

Two developmental psychologists are discussing the factors that are important in explaining one's behaviour. One is a proponent of operant conditioning and the other supports a social learning approach. Select a famous person and describe one way these two psychologists may agree and one way they may disagree in their explanation of the celebrity's behaviour.

You read a research article that concludes that the higher a student's self-esteem, the worse he performs in school. This sort of relationship would best be characterised as

Information-processing theory rejects the notion of conceptualising humans as having mental hardware and software.

Compared to punishment, reinforcement tends to result in quicker and longer-lasting learning.

Validity is to reliability as

Lesedi studies two different cohorts over a 50-year period, testing each subject every five years. Lesedi is using a ____design.

An effective punishment

Results from individual research participants should be

Keshia is doing research on the effect of birth order on personality. Rather than collecting data on a new set of subjects, she is analysing hundreds of studies that have already been done on this topic and is going to attempt to come up with an overall estimate of what all these other studies have found. What sort of study is Keshia doing?

Children's judgements of the emotions depicted in photographs may be less accurate than they would be in real life because the photographs are

The value of a(n) ____can range from -1.0 to 1.0.

Dr du Toit stages a fire drill at the primary school in order to study how children respond to potential emergency situations. Dr du Toit's method would best be described as a(n)

Dr Naidoo is interested in studying the way people spend their time when they are in their homes alone. Which method is Dr Naidoo most likely to use for this study?

Use the biopsychosocial framework to describe four factors that could be important in the development of parenting skills.