Exam 40: Maintaining the Internal Environment

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four regions of a nephron listed below. a.Bowman's capsule b.proximal tubule c.descending portion of loop of Henle d.distal tubule -Filtration of the blood occurs in association with this structure.

-Urinalysis can be used to identify all of the following EXCEPT

Birds and reptiles save water by eliminating __________ rich wastes as uric acid crystals.

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four regions of a nephron listed below. a.Bowman's capsule b.proximal tubule c.descending portion of loop of Henle d.distal tubule -The glomerular capillaries are intimately associated with this structure.

MATCHING Matching.Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. a.do not maintain the same body temperature at all times; are capable of internal heat production b.heat energy is released to the air when liquid water converts to gaseous form c.bulk flow of protein-free plasma from capillaries into Bowman's capsule d.animals with more or less constant body temperature e.emission of heat from body surface when environmental temperature is lower than the body temperature f.movement of ions from peritubular capillaries into nephron tubules g.loss of too much body heat h.heat next to the body's surface undergoes mass transport by air or water currents i.active and passive transport of solutes from peritubular capillaries into the glomerular capillaries j. a long, slender, tubular unit in the vertebrate kidney that forms urine k.body temperatures rise and fall with environmental changes l. secreted by adrenal glands; influences sodium reabsorption m. passive transport of water; active and passive transport of solutes out of the nephron into peritubular capillaries n. heat energy is transferred from high to low temperature regions due to collisions between adjacent molecules o.released from the posterior lobe of the pituitary in response to hypothalamic signals p. toxic substances are extracted from blood circulating in cellophane tubes suspended in a warm-water bath q.erection of hairs and feathers by smooth muscles in the skin -tubular secretion

A rise in sodium levels and extracellular volume leads to a rise in blood pressure.As a result,

MATCHING Matching.Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. a.do not maintain the same body temperature at all times; are capable of internal heat production b.heat energy is released to the air when liquid water converts to gaseous form c.bulk flow of protein-free plasma from capillaries into Bowman's capsule d.animals with more or less constant body temperature e.emission of heat from body surface when environmental temperature is lower than the body temperature f.movement of ions from peritubular capillaries into nephron tubules g.loss of too much body heat h.heat next to the body's surface undergoes mass transport by air or water currents i.active and passive transport of solutes from peritubular capillaries into the glomerular capillaries j. a long, slender, tubular unit in the vertebrate kidney that forms urine k.body temperatures rise and fall with environmental changes l. secreted by adrenal glands; influences sodium reabsorption m. passive transport of water; active and passive transport of solutes out of the nephron into peritubular capillaries n. heat energy is transferred from high to low temperature regions due to collisions between adjacent molecules o.released from the posterior lobe of the pituitary in response to hypothalamic signals p. toxic substances are extracted from blood circulating in cellophane tubes suspended in a warm-water bath q.erection of hairs and feathers by smooth muscles in the skin -cold response

Filtrate that is removed from the blood is collected by the

Why is high blood pressure damaging to the kidneys?

MATCHING Matching.Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. a.do not maintain the same body temperature at all times; are capable of internal heat production b.heat energy is released to the air when liquid water converts to gaseous form c.bulk flow of protein-free plasma from capillaries into Bowman's capsule d.animals with more or less constant body temperature e.emission of heat from body surface when environmental temperature is lower than the body temperature f.movement of ions from peritubular capillaries into nephron tubules g.loss of too much body heat h.heat next to the body's surface undergoes mass transport by air or water currents i.active and passive transport of solutes from peritubular capillaries into the glomerular capillaries j. a long, slender, tubular unit in the vertebrate kidney that forms urine k.body temperatures rise and fall with environmental changes l. secreted by adrenal glands; influences sodium reabsorption m. passive transport of water; active and passive transport of solutes out of the nephron into peritubular capillaries n. heat energy is transferred from high to low temperature regions due to collisions between adjacent molecules o.released from the posterior lobe of the pituitary in response to hypothalamic signals p. toxic substances are extracted from blood circulating in cellophane tubes suspended in a warm-water bath q.erection of hairs and feathers by smooth muscles in the skin -glomerular filtration

-The kidneys function to rid the body of

Use the figure above to answer the following questions. -The region(s) where hormonal adjustment to solute and volume levels occur(s) is(are) indicated by

MATCHING Matching.Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. a.do not maintain the same body temperature at all times; are capable of internal heat production b.heat energy is released to the air when liquid water converts to gaseous form c.bulk flow of protein-free plasma from capillaries into Bowman's capsule d.animals with more or less constant body temperature e.emission of heat from body surface when environmental temperature is lower than the body temperature f.movement of ions from peritubular capillaries into nephron tubules g.loss of too much body heat h.heat next to the body's surface undergoes mass transport by air or water currents i.active and passive transport of solutes from peritubular capillaries into the glomerular capillaries j. a long, slender, tubular unit in the vertebrate kidney that forms urine k.body temperatures rise and fall with environmental changes l. secreted by adrenal glands; influences sodium reabsorption m. passive transport of water; active and passive transport of solutes out of the nephron into peritubular capillaries n. heat energy is transferred from high to low temperature regions due to collisions between adjacent molecules o.released from the posterior lobe of the pituitary in response to hypothalamic signals p. toxic substances are extracted from blood circulating in cellophane tubes suspended in a warm-water bath q.erection of hairs and feathers by smooth muscles in the skin -ectothermic

Heat loss resulting from conversion of a liquid to a gas is called

Most kidney problems in the United States result from

Which of the following is NOT part of the initial response to cold temperature?

MATCHING Matching.Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. a.do not maintain the same body temperature at all times; are capable of internal heat production b.heat energy is released to the air when liquid water converts to gaseous form c.bulk flow of protein-free plasma from capillaries into Bowman's capsule d.animals with more or less constant body temperature e.emission of heat from body surface when environmental temperature is lower than the body temperature f.movement of ions from peritubular capillaries into nephron tubules g.loss of too much body heat h.heat next to the body's surface undergoes mass transport by air or water currents i.active and passive transport of solutes from peritubular capillaries into the glomerular capillaries j. a long, slender, tubular unit in the vertebrate kidney that forms urine k.body temperatures rise and fall with environmental changes l. secreted by adrenal glands; influences sodium reabsorption m. passive transport of water; active and passive transport of solutes out of the nephron into peritubular capillaries n. heat energy is transferred from high to low temperature regions due to collisions between adjacent molecules o.released from the posterior lobe of the pituitary in response to hypothalamic signals p. toxic substances are extracted from blood circulating in cellophane tubes suspended in a warm-water bath q.erection of hairs and feathers by smooth muscles in the skin -aldosterone

Use the figure above showing a marine bony fish to answer the following questions. -The subunit of a kidney that purifies blood and restores solute and water balance is the

Provide some of the adaptations that allowed animals to adapt to life on dry land?

Which of the following are most permeable to water and small molecules?