Question 1

When information in long-term memory (LTM) is organised according to a clustering principle, it means that

Accepted Answer

A)  items that occurred close together in time are grouped together in LTM. 
B)  related items tend to be remembered in groups or categories. 
C)  words that look alike are grouped together in LTM. 
D)  people create a network of nodes in LTM, with links to related concepts. 
A)  items that occurred close together in time are grouped together in LTM. 
B)  related items tend to be remembered in groups or categories. 
C)  words that look alike are grouped together in LTM. 
D)  people create a network of nodes in LTM, with links to related concepts.

Question 2

The fact that your memory for a specific event may be influenced by the amount of attention you pay to the event, the level at which you process information about the event, how you organise the information, and the amount of interference you experience reflects which of the following unifying themes of your textbook?

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychology is empirical. 
B)  Behaviour is determined by multiple causes. 
C)  Our behaviour is shaped by our cultural heritage. 
D)  Our experience of the world is highly subjective. 
A)  Psychology is empirical. 
B)  Behaviour is determined by multiple causes. 
C)  Our behaviour is shaped by our cultural heritage. 
D)  Our experience of the world is highly subjective.

Question 3

A relearning measure requires subjects to

Accepted Answer

A)  memorise information a second time to determine how much time or effort is saved. 
B)  select previously learned information from an array of options. 
C)  reproduce information on their own without any cues. 
D)  indicate whether a given piece of information is familiar. 
A)  memorise information a second time to determine how much time or effort is saved. 
B)  select previously learned information from an array of options. 
C)  reproduce information on their own without any cues. 
D)  indicate whether a given piece of information is familiar.

Question 4

As Arnold was walking out the door of his apartment, he was quickly running through a mental list of all the things he was supposed to take with him.He went through the complete list of items four or five times, just to make sure he hadn't forgotten anything.Based on Baddeley's model of working memory, Arnold was utilising

Accepted Answer

A)  the visuospatial sketchpad to arrange all the information he needed. 
B)  the phonological loop to temporarily hold his list of essential items. 
C)  the central executive system to juggle all the information he needed to consider. 
D)  his prospective memory to remember the actions he still needed to perform. 
A)  the visuospatial sketchpad to arrange all the information he needed. 
B)  the phonological loop to temporarily hold his list of essential items. 
C)  the central executive system to juggle all the information he needed to consider. 
D)  his prospective memory to remember the actions he still needed to perform.

Question 5

If you were attempting to recall a memory, the memory process you would be using is

Accepted Answer

A)  encoding. 
B)  storage. 
C)  retrieval. 
D)  acquisition. 
A)  encoding. 
B)  storage. 
C)  retrieval. 
D)  acquisition.

Question 6

Short-term memory appears to be limited in the number of items it can hold and when it is full the insertion of new information will force out some of the old information in STM.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

When you tell a joke to a friend only to be reminded that you've told that joke to the same friend before, you have experienced a failure of

Accepted Answer

A)  episodic memory. 
B)  procedural memory. 
C)  prospective memory. 
D)  destination memory. 
A)  episodic memory. 
B)  procedural memory. 
C)  prospective memory. 
D)  destination memory.

Question 8

Declarative memory appears to be handled by the

Accepted Answer

A)  medial temporal lobe. 
B)  medulla and the structures within the midbrain. 
C)  limbic system and the connections it makes with the prefrontal cortex. 
D)  hippocampal complex and the areas of the cortex with which it communicates. 
A)  medial temporal lobe. 
B)  medulla and the structures within the midbrain. 
C)  limbic system and the connections it makes with the prefrontal cortex. 
D)  hippocampal complex and the areas of the cortex with which it communicates.

Question 9

Knowing that a particular person has been arrested and accused of the crime in question can influence the recollections of eyewitnesses.This finding can best be explained by

Accepted Answer

A)  hindsight bias. 
B)  the overconfidence effect. 
C)  the misinformation effect. 
D)  the serial-position effect. 
A)  hindsight bias. 
B)  the overconfidence effect. 
C)  the misinformation effect. 
D)  the serial-position effect.

Question 10

In order for a memory to be stored, it must first be

Accepted Answer

A)  ablated. 
B)  modelled. 
C)  retrieved. 
D)  encoded. 
A)  ablated. 
B)  modelled. 
C)  retrieved. 
D)  encoded.

Question 11

Kelly is taking antibiotics for an ear infection, but she finds she often forgets to take the medication when she is supposed to.She has tried leaving the container for the medication in plain view, but she still forgets on occasion.Kelly's difficulty in remembering to take her medication illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  proactive interference. 
B)  pseudo-forgetting. 
C)  anterograde amnesia. 
D)  a failure in prospective memory. 
A)  proactive interference. 
B)  pseudo-forgetting. 
C)  anterograde amnesia. 
D)  a failure in prospective memory.

Question 12

The tendency to mould our interpretation of the past to fit how events actually turned out is called

Accepted Answer

A)  the misinformation effect. 
B)  the serial-position effect. 
C)  hindsight bias. 
D)  the overconfidence effect. 
A)  the misinformation effect. 
B)  the serial-position effect. 
C)  hindsight bias. 
D)  the overconfidence effect.

Question 13

Which memory system is characterised by both requiring little effort or attention to recall a memory and not declining much over long retention intervals?

Accepted Answer

A)  declarative memory 
B)  episodic memory 
C)  non-declarative memory 
D)  semantic memory 
A)  declarative memory 
B)  episodic memory 
C)  non-declarative memory 
D)  semantic memory

Question 14

Which memory system is referred to in your text as "working memory"?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory memory 
B)  short-term memory 
C)  long-term memory 
D)  all of these collectively 
A)  sensory memory 
B)  short-term memory 
C)  long-term memory 
D)  all of these collectively

Question 15

Which of the following statements concerning short-term memory is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  short-term memory is also referred to as working memory 
B)  the storage capacity of short-term memory is approximately seven items 
C)  unrehearsed information is usually maintained in short-term memory for approximately five minutes 
D)  information in short-term memory is usually stored according to sounds 
A)  short-term memory is also referred to as working memory 
B)  the storage capacity of short-term memory is approximately seven items 
C)  unrehearsed information is usually maintained in short-term memory for approximately five minutes 
D)  information in short-term memory is usually stored according to sounds

Question 16

You are absorbed in reading your psychology text when the phone rings.After talking on the phone, you can't remember the last thing you read.This information was lost from ____ memory, because the phone conversation distracted you from ____ the information.

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory; perceiving 
B)  short-term; rehearsing 
C)  long-term; rehearsing 
D)  long-term; retrieving 
A)  sensory; perceiving 
B)  short-term; rehearsing 
C)  long-term; rehearsing 
D)  long-term; retrieving

Question 17

Faith had brain surgery to remove a small tumour from her temporal lobe.While recovering from the surgery Faith appeared to be fine, and she was able to talk about events from both her childhood and just before the surgery.However, she really cannot remember anything that has happened since the surgery.Faith's memory difficulties are consistent with those seen in

Accepted Answer

A)  retrograde amnesia. 
B)  cryptomnesia. 
C)  anterograde amnesia. 
D)  pseudo-forgetting. 
A)  retrograde amnesia. 
B)  cryptomnesia. 
C)  anterograde amnesia. 
D)  pseudo-forgetting.

Question 18

When an individual's memory for an event is altered by the later introduction of inaccurate or misleading information, it is referred to as the

Accepted Answer

A)  reconstruction effect. 
B)  post-context effect. 
C)  source-monitoring effect. 
D)  misinformation effect. 
A)  reconstruction effect. 
B)  post-context effect. 
C)  source-monitoring effect. 
D)  misinformation effect.

Question 19

Sensory memory

Accepted Answer

A)  is the same as the working memory. 
B)  is a limited-capacity store that can maintain unrehearsed information for up to about 20 seconds. 
C)  preserves information in its original sensory form for a brief time, usually only a fraction of a second. 
D)  is an unlimited capacity store that can hold information over lengthy periods of time. 
A)  is the same as the working memory. 
B)  is a limited-capacity store that can maintain unrehearsed information for up to about 20 seconds. 
C)  preserves information in its original sensory form for a brief time, usually only a fraction of a second. 
D)  is an unlimited capacity store that can hold information over lengthy periods of time.

Question 20

A retrieval cue is

Accepted Answer

A)  a brain structure stimulus used to locate a particular memory. 
B)  the same thing as an elaboration encoding variable. 
C)  a stimulus associated with a memory that is used to locate that memory. 
D)  always based on the mood you were in when a memory was first encoded. 
A)  a brain structure stimulus used to locate a particular memory. 
B)  the same thing as an elaboration encoding variable. 
C)  a stimulus associated with a memory that is used to locate that memory. 
D)  always based on the mood you were in when a memory was first encoded.

When information in long-term memory (LTM) is organised according to a clustering principle, it means that

A relearning measure requires subjects to

If you were attempting to recall a memory, the memory process you would be using is

Short-term memory appears to be limited in the number of items it can hold and when it is full the insertion of new information will force out some of the old information in STM.

When you tell a joke to a friend only to be reminded that you've told that joke to the same friend before, you have experienced a failure of

Declarative memory appears to be handled by the

Knowing that a particular person has been arrested and accused of the crime in question can influence the recollections of eyewitnesses.This finding can best be explained by

In order for a memory to be stored, it must first be

The tendency to mould our interpretation of the past to fit how events actually turned out is called

Which memory system is characterised by both requiring little effort or attention to recall a memory and not declining much over long retention intervals?

Which memory system is referred to in your text as "working memory"?

Which of the following statements concerning short-term memory is false?

You are absorbed in reading your psychology text when the phone rings.After talking on the phone, you can't remember the last thing you read.This information was lost from memory, because the phone conversation distracted you from the information.

When an individual's memory for an event is altered by the later introduction of inaccurate or misleading information, it is referred to as the

Sensory memory

A retrieval cue is

The Evolution of Psychology

Research Methods in Psychology

Biology of Behaviour

Sensory Systems and Perception

States of Consciousness

Conditioning and Learning

Cognition and Language

Human Intelligence

Theories of Motives and Emotions

Human Development

Personality Theories

Social Psychology

Health Psychology

Abnormal Behaviour

Treatment of Abnormal Behaviour

Culture and Mental Health

Complementary Alternative Treatment of Mental Illnesses

Treatment of Mental Illnesses in South Africa: Culture-Related

Applied Psychology in South Africa

Filters

Exam 7: Key Processes in Memory

When information in long-term memory (LTM) is organised according to a clustering principle, it means that

A relearning measure requires subjects to

If you were attempting to recall a memory, the memory process you would be using is

Short-term memory appears to be limited in the number of items it can hold and when it is full the insertion of new information will force out some of the old information in STM.

When you tell a joke to a friend only to be reminded that you've told that joke to the same friend before, you have experienced a failure of

Declarative memory appears to be handled by the

Knowing that a particular person has been arrested and accused of the crime in question can influence the recollections of eyewitnesses.This finding can best be explained by

In order for a memory to be stored, it must first be

The tendency to mould our interpretation of the past to fit how events actually turned out is called

Which memory system is characterised by both requiring little effort or attention to recall a memory and not declining much over long retention intervals?

Which memory system is referred to in your text as "working memory"?

Which of the following statements concerning short-term memory is false?

You are absorbed in reading your psychology text when the phone rings.After talking on the phone, you can't remember the last thing you read.This information was lost from ____ memory, because the phone conversation distracted you from ____ the information.

When an individual's memory for an event is altered by the later introduction of inaccurate or misleading information, it is referred to as the

Sensory memory

A retrieval cue is

The Evolution of Psychology

Research Methods in Psychology

Biology of Behaviour

Sensory Systems and Perception

States of Consciousness

Conditioning and Learning

Cognition and Language

Human Intelligence

Theories of Motives and Emotions

Human Development

Personality Theories

Social Psychology

Health Psychology

Abnormal Behaviour

Treatment of Abnormal Behaviour

Culture and Mental Health

Complementary Alternative Treatment of Mental Illnesses

Treatment of Mental Illnesses in South Africa: Culture-Related

Applied Psychology in South Africa

Filters

You are absorbed in reading your psychology text when the phone rings.After talking on the phone, you can't remember the last thing you read.This information was lost from memory, because the phone conversation distracted you from the information.