Question 1

Which of the following is a main disadvantage of the cross-sectional design?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individuals of different ages are being compared to one another. 
B)  It is relatively expensive. 
C)  It takes a longer amount of time than a longitudinal study. 
D)  Participants may drop out due to moving, loss of interest, or death. 
A)  Individuals of different ages are being compared to one another. 
B)  It is relatively expensive. 
C)  It takes a longer amount of time than a longitudinal study. 
D)  Participants may drop out due to moving, loss of interest, or death.

Question 2

Studies of the infant brain show signs of what scientists call synaptic pruning. What occurs during this process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Unused synaptic connections and nerve cells are cleared out to make way for new cells. 
B)  The brain creates additional neural connections by removing parts of the surrounding bone. 
C)  New cells work to "rewrite" old cells and ultimately change their functioning. 
D)  New cells will not develop until the body makes sufficient physical space within the brain. 
A)  Unused synaptic connections and nerve cells are cleared out to make way for new cells. 
B)  The brain creates additional neural connections by removing parts of the surrounding bone. 
C)  New cells work to "rewrite" old cells and ultimately change their functioning. 
D)  New cells will not develop until the body makes sufficient physical space within the brain.

Question 3

Liv has blond hair, even though her mother and father each have brown hair. What do we know about Liv's parents?

Accepted Answer

A)  At least one of her parents has a recessive gene for blond hair. 
B)  Each of her parents must have one recessive gene for blond hair color. 
C)  Each of her parents must have one dominant gene for blond hair. 
D)  Neither of her parents has a gene for blond hair. 
A)  At least one of her parents has a recessive gene for blond hair. 
B)  Each of her parents must have one recessive gene for blond hair color. 
C)  Each of her parents must have one dominant gene for blond hair. 
D)  Neither of her parents has a gene for blond hair.

Question 4

Whereas Piaget saw cognitive development as a result of individual discovery and a child's interaction with objects, Vygotsky attributed cognitive development to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  biological changes in the brain 
B)  unconscious factors 
C)  completing activities in isolation 
D)  interaction between a child and more highly skilled people 
A)  biological changes in the brain 
B)  unconscious factors 
C)  completing activities in isolation 
D)  interaction between a child and more highly skilled people

Question 5

Conflicts between adolescents and their parents tend to be over __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  trivial things 
B)  moral issues 
C)  political issues 
D)  major things 
A)  trivial things 
B)  moral issues 
C)  political issues 
D)  major things

Question 6

At what point do infants develop a preference for salty tastes?

Accepted Answer

A)  within a few days after birth 
B)  by 4 months of age 
C)  at birth 
D)  within a year after birth 
A)  within a few days after birth 
B)  by 4 months of age 
C)  at birth 
D)  within a year after birth

Question 7

A developmental psychologist believes that increased TV watching by young children is responsible for a decline in reading scores when these children enter school. To explore her hypothesis, she records the TV-watching habits of toddlers in a suburban community. She examines these habits again when the children enter kindergarten and once more when they complete first grade. Which research method is she using?

Accepted Answer

A)  longitudinal design 
B)  cross-sectional design 
C)  convergent design 
D)  experimental design 
A)  longitudinal design 
B)  cross-sectional design 
C)  convergent design 
D)  experimental design

Question 8

Which theory of aging suggests that oxygen molecules that have an unstable electron cause damage to the structure of cells, increasing with age?

Accepted Answer

A)  wear-and-tear theory 
B)  cellular-clock theory 
C)  disengagement theory 
D)  free-radical theory 
A)  wear-and-tear theory 
B)  cellular-clock theory 
C)  disengagement theory 
D)  free-radical theory

Question 9

In which of Piaget's stages would a child be who has just developed the ability to conserve?

Accepted Answer

A)  concrete operations 
B)  preoperational 
C)  sensorimotor 
D)  formal operations 
A)  concrete operations 
B)  preoperational 
C)  sensorimotor 
D)  formal operations

Question 10

Which of the following is a limitation on the cognitive life of children in Piaget's preoperational stage?

Accepted Answer

A)  abstract concepts 
B)  object permanence 
C)  hypothetical thinking 
D)  centration 
A)  abstract concepts 
B)  object permanence 
C)  hypothetical thinking 
D)  centration

Question 11

A schema is a mental concept formed through experiences with objects and events.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The correct sequence of the five stages of death and dying postulated by Kübler-Ross is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance 
B)  denial, anger, bargaining, acceptance, and depression 
C)  anger, denial, bargaining, acceptance, and depression 
D)  anger, denial, bargaining, depression, and acceptance 
A)  denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance 
B)  denial, anger, bargaining, acceptance, and depression 
C)  anger, denial, bargaining, acceptance, and depression 
D)  anger, denial, bargaining, depression, and acceptance

Question 13

After finally being able to raise the head and chest, the infant is likely to develop next the motor skill of sitting up without support, according to the six identified motor milestones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

An extra chromosome in the 20th pair results in Down syndrome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which kind of cells that form during the germinal period are being examined by researchers for their use in growing new organs and tissues for transplant or repairing neurological damage?

Accepted Answer

A)  amacrine cells 
B)  bipolar cells 
C)  oligodendrocytes 
D)  stem cells 
A)  amacrine cells 
B)  bipolar cells 
C)  oligodendrocytes 
D)  stem cells

Question 16

Wes is a Boy Scout. While on a camping trip, the scout leader tells the boys to stay away from the lake. Some of the scouts ignore the leader and go swimming in the lake anyway. Wes wants to do what the leader tells him and believes that good behaviors are rewarded while bad behaviors are punished. Which level of moral reasoning is he in?

Accepted Answer

A)  preconventional 
B)  conventional 
C)  postconventional 
D)  convenient 
A)  preconventional 
B)  conventional 
C)  postconventional 
D)  convenient

Question 17

In normal developmental cases, humans have a total of __________ chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

A)  46 
B)  23 
C)  22 
D)  21 
A)  46 
B)  23 
C)  22 
D)  21

Question 18

Unlike other types of research, a cross-sequential design allows researchers to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  combine longitudinal and cross-sectional research strategies 
B)  look for gender differences 
C)  reduce experimenter bias 
D)  only include cross-sectional strategies within the design 
A)  combine longitudinal and cross-sectional research strategies 
B)  look for gender differences 
C)  reduce experimenter bias 
D)  only include cross-sectional strategies within the design

Question 19

Noah is a 3-year-old boy who likes to spread his peas and carrots all over his plate. After spreading out his food, he asks for more. His mom pushes all the food together and Noah continues to eat. Which period of cognitive development is Noah in?

Accepted Answer

A)  egocentrism 
B)  sensorimotor 
C)  preoperational 
D)  accommodation 
A)  egocentrism 
B)  sensorimotor 
C)  preoperational 
D)  accommodation

Question 20

What is the sequence of stages of moral development as identified by Lawrence Kohlberg?

Accepted Answer

A)  preconventional, conventional, postconventional 
B)  preoperational, postoperational, worldview 
C)  preconventional, postconventional, conventional 
D)  concrete operations, formal operations, autonomous 
A)  preconventional, conventional, postconventional 
B)  preoperational, postoperational, worldview 
C)  preconventional, postconventional, conventional 
D)  concrete operations, formal operations, autonomous

Which of the following is a main disadvantage of the cross-sectional design?

Studies of the infant brain show signs of what scientists call synaptic pruning. What occurs during this process?

Liv has blond hair, even though her mother and father each have brown hair. What do we know about Liv's parents?

Whereas Piaget saw cognitive development as a result of individual discovery and a child's interaction with objects, Vygotsky attributed cognitive development to __________.

Conflicts between adolescents and their parents tend to be over __________.

At what point do infants develop a preference for salty tastes?

Which theory of aging suggests that oxygen molecules that have an unstable electron cause damage to the structure of cells, increasing with age?

In which of Piaget's stages would a child be who has just developed the ability to conserve?

Which of the following is a limitation on the cognitive life of children in Piaget's preoperational stage?

A schema is a mental concept formed through experiences with objects and events.

The correct sequence of the five stages of death and dying postulated by Kübler-Ross is __________.

After finally being able to raise the head and chest, the infant is likely to develop next the motor skill of sitting up without support, according to the six identified motor milestones.

An extra chromosome in the 20th pair results in Down syndrome.

Which kind of cells that form during the germinal period are being examined by researchers for their use in growing new organs and tissues for transplant or repairing neurological damage?

In normal developmental cases, humans have a total of __________ chromosomes.

Unlike other types of research, a cross-sequential design allows researchers to __________.

Noah is a 3-year-old boy who likes to spread his peas and carrots all over his plate. After spreading out his food, he asks for more. His mom pushes all the food together and Noah continues to eat. Which period of cognitive development is Noah in?

What is the sequence of stages of moral development as identified by Lawrence Kohlberg?

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Exam 8: Development Across the Life Span

Which of the following is a main disadvantage of the cross-sectional design?

Studies of the infant brain show signs of what scientists call synaptic pruning. What occurs during this process?

Liv has blond hair, even though her mother and father each have brown hair. What do we know about Liv's parents?

Whereas Piaget saw cognitive development as a result of individual discovery and a child's interaction with objects, Vygotsky attributed cognitive development to __________.

Conflicts between adolescents and their parents tend to be over __________.

At what point do infants develop a preference for salty tastes?

Which theory of aging suggests that oxygen molecules that have an unstable electron cause damage to the structure of cells, increasing with age?

In which of Piaget's stages would a child be who has just developed the ability to conserve?

Which of the following is a limitation on the cognitive life of children in Piaget's preoperational stage?

A schema is a mental concept formed through experiences with objects and events.

The correct sequence of the five stages of death and dying postulated by Kübler-Ross is __________.

After finally being able to raise the head and chest, the infant is likely to develop next the motor skill of sitting up without support, according to the six identified motor milestones.

An extra chromosome in the 20th pair results in Down syndrome.

Which kind of cells that form during the germinal period are being examined by researchers for their use in growing new organs and tissues for transplant or repairing neurological damage?

In normal developmental cases, humans have a total of __________ chromosomes.

Unlike other types of research, a cross-sequential design allows researchers to __________.

Noah is a 3-year-old boy who likes to spread his peas and carrots all over his plate. After spreading out his food, he asks for more. His mom pushes all the food together and Noah continues to eat. Which period of cognitive development is Noah in?

What is the sequence of stages of moral development as identified by Lawrence Kohlberg?

The Science of Psychology

The Biological Perspective

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Cognition: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

Motivation and Emotion

Sexuality and Gender

Stress and Health

Social Psychology

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Psychological Therapies

Filters