Question 1

Gabriel is 17 years old. According to Erikson, Gabriel's chief task will be acquiring a sense of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  identity 
B)  intimacy 
C)  generativity 
D)  autonomy 
A)  identity 
B)  intimacy 
C)  generativity 
D)  autonomy

Question 2

In a __________ design, one group of people is followed and assessed at different times as the group ages.

Accepted Answer

A)  longitudinal 
B)  cross-sectional 
C)  cross-sequential 
D)  cross-longitudinal 
A)  longitudinal 
B)  cross-sectional 
C)  cross-sequential 
D)  cross-longitudinal

Question 3

Aaron has cystic fibrosis. This means that his mother is a carrier for the cystic fibrosis gene, while his father __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is also a carrier 
B)  is not a carrier 
C)  does not have a cystic fibrosis gene 
D)  has two cystic fibrosis genes 
A)  is also a carrier 
B)  is not a carrier 
C)  does not have a cystic fibrosis gene 
D)  has two cystic fibrosis genes

Question 4

Babies come into the world equipped with a number of built-in, involuntary behavior patterns called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  reflexes 
B)  tropisms 
C)  instincts 
D)  motor programs 
A)  reflexes 
B)  tropisms 
C)  instincts 
D)  motor programs

Question 5

__________ babies in Ainsworth's study were clinging and unwilling to explore, very upset by the stranger regardless of the mother's presence, protested mightily when the mother left, were hard to soothe, and had mixed reactions upon the mother's return.

Accepted Answer

A)  Secure 
B)  Avoidant 
C)  Ambivalent 
D)  Disorganized-disoriented 
A)  Secure 
B)  Avoidant 
C)  Ambivalent 
D)  Disorganized-disoriented

Question 6

Which of the following is an advantage of longitudinal research?

Accepted Answer

A)  It takes a relatively short period of time. 
B)  It is quite flexible. 
C)  It can measure stability of behavior. 
D)  It is extremely practical. 
A)  It takes a relatively short period of time. 
B)  It is quite flexible. 
C)  It can measure stability of behavior. 
D)  It is extremely practical.

Question 7

Brian, at age 42, lost his job, was divorced by his wife, and couldn't seem to keep friends for very long. Brian came more and more to feel that he was accomplishing nothing with his life. According to Erikson, Brian is probably __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  not going to undergo a midlife transition 
B)  about to undergo a nervous breakdown 
C)  experiencing feelings of stagnation 
D)  not responsible for his own life situation 
A)  not going to undergo a midlife transition 
B)  about to undergo a nervous breakdown 
C)  experiencing feelings of stagnation 
D)  not responsible for his own life situation

Question 8

Young infants cannot appreciate the carnival game in which a pea seems to disappear from under a walnut because they have not yet developed a sense of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  conservation 
B)  object permanence 
C)  centration 
D)  egocentrism 
A)  conservation 
B)  object permanence 
C)  centration 
D)  egocentrism

Question 9

The most common time for a spontaneous abortion, or miscarriage, is during the third trimester.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Professor Peña is interested in studying the development of a sense of humor. She collects data from groups of 6-year-olds, 16-year-olds, 26-year-olds, and 46-year-olds. What type of research design is Professor Peña using?

Accepted Answer

A)  cohort design 
B)  longitudinal design 
C)  behavior genetics design 
D)  cross-sectional design 
A)  cohort design 
B)  longitudinal design 
C)  behavior genetics design 
D)  cross-sectional design

Question 11

According to Piaget, children learn to retrace their thoughts, correct themselves, and see more than one dimension to a problem, but cannot yet handle abstract concepts, during the __________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)  preoperational 
B)  formal operations 
C)  concrete operations 
D)  sensorimotor 
A)  preoperational 
B)  formal operations 
C)  concrete operations 
D)  sensorimotor

Question 12

Piaget attributed cognitive development to the interaction of what two processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  assimilation and accommodation 
B)  assimilation and egocentric thinking 
C)  egocentric thinking and conservation 
D)  conservation and accommodation 
A)  assimilation and accommodation 
B)  assimilation and egocentric thinking 
C)  egocentric thinking and conservation 
D)  conservation and accommodation

Question 13

In Erikson's __________ stage of psychosocial development, preschoolers are challenged to control their own behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  trust versus mistrust 
B)  autonomy versus shame and doubt 
C)  initiative versus guilt 
D)  industry versus inferiority 
A)  trust versus mistrust 
B)  autonomy versus shame and doubt 
C)  initiative versus guilt 
D)  industry versus inferiority

Question 14

In the average person, approximately how long does puberty last from start to finish?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 years 
B)  4 years 
C)  6 years 
D)  8 years 
A)  2 years 
B)  4 years 
C)  6 years 
D)  8 years

Question 15

How one develops is determined by continuous interaction between __________ and __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  learning; environment 
B)  heredity; environment 
C)  nurture; environment 
D)  heredity; nature 
A)  learning; environment 
B)  heredity; environment 
C)  nurture; environment 
D)  heredity; nature

Question 16

Which of the following illustrates Vygotsky's concept of scaffolding?

Accepted Answer

A)  Several children work together to overcome an obstacle they could not conquer individually. 
B)  A teacher works one-on-one with a student and then begins to withdraw help as the student becomes more skilled. 
C)  Learning in one area, such as language, tends to reinforce learning that occurs in other areas, such as mathematics. 
D)  Physical interaction with the environment is a key to learning, so teachers require students to run and play a great deal. 
A)  Several children work together to overcome an obstacle they could not conquer individually. 
B)  A teacher works one-on-one with a student and then begins to withdraw help as the student becomes more skilled. 
C)  Learning in one area, such as language, tends to reinforce learning that occurs in other areas, such as mathematics. 
D)  Physical interaction with the environment is a key to learning, so teachers require students to run and play a great deal.

Question 17

Dr. Bashir believes that people who are very aggressive have become so because of their life experiences. Dr. Heller believes that people are more or less aggressive from birth because of genetic factors. Which of the following terms BEST describes an issue in human development that is highlighted by their disagreement?

Accepted Answer

A)  nature versus nurture 
B)  cognition versus emotion 
C)  classical versus operant conditioning 
D)  cross-sectional studies versus longitudinal studies 
A)  nature versus nurture 
B)  cognition versus emotion 
C)  classical versus operant conditioning 
D)  cross-sectional studies versus longitudinal studies

Question 18

List in order the five stages of dying as proposed by Kübler-Ross's model.

Accepted Answer

The five stages of dying, as proposed by

Question 19

At birth, newborns seem most responsive to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  high pitches and low pitches 
B)  hip-hop music 
C)  moderate voice pitches 
D)  rock and roll music 
A)  high pitches and low pitches 
B)  hip-hop music 
C)  moderate voice pitches 
D)  rock and roll music

Question 20

What are some of the common consequences to a child whose mother smoked cigarettes while pregnant?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased birth weight and lethargy 
B)  low birth weight and short stature 
C)  severe hearing loss and heart defects 
D)  severely deformed limbs and muscle spasms 
A)  increased birth weight and lethargy 
B)  low birth weight and short stature 
C)  severe hearing loss and heart defects 
D)  severely deformed limbs and muscle spasms

Gabriel is 17 years old. According to Erikson, Gabriel's chief task will be acquiring a sense of __________.

In a __________ design, one group of people is followed and assessed at different times as the group ages.

Aaron has cystic fibrosis. This means that his mother is a carrier for the cystic fibrosis gene, while his father __________.

Babies come into the world equipped with a number of built-in, involuntary behavior patterns called __________.

__________ babies in Ainsworth's study were clinging and unwilling to explore, very upset by the stranger regardless of the mother's presence, protested mightily when the mother left, were hard to soothe, and had mixed reactions upon the mother's return.

Which of the following is an advantage of longitudinal research?

Brian, at age 42, lost his job, was divorced by his wife, and couldn't seem to keep friends for very long. Brian came more and more to feel that he was accomplishing nothing with his life. According to Erikson, Brian is probably __________.

Young infants cannot appreciate the carnival game in which a pea seems to disappear from under a walnut because they have not yet developed a sense of __________.

The most common time for a spontaneous abortion, or miscarriage, is during the third trimester.

Professor Peña is interested in studying the development of a sense of humor. She collects data from groups of 6-year-olds, 16-year-olds, 26-year-olds, and 46-year-olds. What type of research design is Professor Peña using?

According to Piaget, children learn to retrace their thoughts, correct themselves, and see more than one dimension to a problem, but cannot yet handle abstract concepts, during the __________ stage.

Piaget attributed cognitive development to the interaction of what two processes?

In Erikson's __________ stage of psychosocial development, preschoolers are challenged to control their own behavior.

In the average person, approximately how long does puberty last from start to finish?

How one develops is determined by continuous interaction between and .

Which of the following illustrates Vygotsky's concept of scaffolding?

List in order the five stages of dying as proposed by Kübler-Ross's model.

At birth, newborns seem most responsive to __________.

What are some of the common consequences to a child whose mother smoked cigarettes while pregnant?

The Science of Psychology

The Biological Perspective

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Cognition: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

Motivation and Emotion

Sexuality and Gender

Stress and Health

Social Psychology

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Psychological Therapies

Filters

Exam 8: Development Across the Life Span

Gabriel is 17 years old. According to Erikson, Gabriel's chief task will be acquiring a sense of __________.

In a __________ design, one group of people is followed and assessed at different times as the group ages.

Aaron has cystic fibrosis. This means that his mother is a carrier for the cystic fibrosis gene, while his father __________.

Babies come into the world equipped with a number of built-in, involuntary behavior patterns called __________.

__________ babies in Ainsworth's study were clinging and unwilling to explore, very upset by the stranger regardless of the mother's presence, protested mightily when the mother left, were hard to soothe, and had mixed reactions upon the mother's return.

Which of the following is an advantage of longitudinal research?

Brian, at age 42, lost his job, was divorced by his wife, and couldn't seem to keep friends for very long. Brian came more and more to feel that he was accomplishing nothing with his life. According to Erikson, Brian is probably __________.

Young infants cannot appreciate the carnival game in which a pea seems to disappear from under a walnut because they have not yet developed a sense of __________.

The most common time for a spontaneous abortion, or miscarriage, is during the third trimester.

Professor Peña is interested in studying the development of a sense of humor. She collects data from groups of 6-year-olds, 16-year-olds, 26-year-olds, and 46-year-olds. What type of research design is Professor Peña using?

According to Piaget, children learn to retrace their thoughts, correct themselves, and see more than one dimension to a problem, but cannot yet handle abstract concepts, during the __________ stage.

Piaget attributed cognitive development to the interaction of what two processes?

In Erikson's __________ stage of psychosocial development, preschoolers are challenged to control their own behavior.

In the average person, approximately how long does puberty last from start to finish?

How one develops is determined by continuous interaction between __________ and __________.

Which of the following illustrates Vygotsky's concept of scaffolding?

List in order the five stages of dying as proposed by Kübler-Ross's model.

At birth, newborns seem most responsive to __________.

What are some of the common consequences to a child whose mother smoked cigarettes while pregnant?

The Science of Psychology

The Biological Perspective

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Cognition: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

Motivation and Emotion

Sexuality and Gender

Stress and Health

Social Psychology

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Psychological Therapies

Filters

How one develops is determined by continuous interaction between and .