Question 1

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are classified as white matter. Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  myelin sheath 
B)  descending tracts 
C)  corpus callosum 
D)  cerebral cortex 
E)  ascending tract 
A)  myelin sheath 
B)  descending tracts 
C)  corpus callosum 
D)  cerebral cortex 
E)  ascending tract

Question 2

The basic unit of the nervous system is

Accepted Answer

A)  the neuron. 
B)  neuroglia. 
C)  the brain. 
D)  a nerve. 
E)  a nerve impulse. 
A)  the neuron. 
B)  neuroglia. 
C)  the brain. 
D)  a nerve. 
E)  a nerve impulse.

Question 3

Information is processed and sensory input and motor responses are integrated in the

Accepted Answer

A)  medulla. 
B)  thalamus. 
C)  pons. 
D)  cerebellum. 
E)  cerebrum. 
A)  medulla. 
B)  thalamus. 
C)  pons. 
D)  cerebellum. 
E)  cerebrum.

Question 4

Interneurons are found in the

Accepted Answer

A)  dorsal root. 
B)  spinal cord. 
C)  sensory neurons. 
D)  motor neurons. 
E)  autonomic nervous system. 
A)  dorsal root. 
B)  spinal cord. 
C)  sensory neurons. 
D)  motor neurons. 
E)  autonomic nervous system.

Question 5

The mode of action of Ecstasy is to

Accepted Answer

A)  cause overstimulation of target cells in the brain. 
B)  interfere with release of neurotransmitters in the brain. 
C)  decreases the amount of serotonin in the brain. 
D)  speed up clearance of serotonin in the brain. 
E)  is used clinically to treat anxiety. 
A)  cause overstimulation of target cells in the brain. 
B)  interfere with release of neurotransmitters in the brain. 
C)  decreases the amount of serotonin in the brain. 
D)  speed up clearance of serotonin in the brain. 
E)  is used clinically to treat anxiety.

Question 6

By definition, a nerve is

Accepted Answer

A)  a bundle of axons. 
B)  a single extension of a neuron. 
C)  the same as a neuron within the central nervous system. 
D)  a dendrite. 
E)  a fiber more than 10 inches in length. 
A)  a bundle of axons. 
B)  a single extension of a neuron. 
C)  the same as a neuron within the central nervous system. 
D)  a dendrite. 
E)  a fiber more than 10 inches in length.

Question 7

The somatic subdivision of the vertebrate nervous system would innervate which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  intestinal muscles 
B)  liver 
C)  heart 
D)  pancreas 
E)  skeletal muscles 
A)  intestinal muscles 
B)  liver 
C)  heart 
D)  pancreas 
E)  skeletal muscles

Question 8

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are participants in a common function. Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory neuron 
B)  medulla 
C)  interneuron 
D)  effector 
E)  receptor 
A)  sensory neuron 
B)  medulla 
C)  interneuron 
D)  effector 
E)  receptor

Question 9

Neurons that synapse back on themselves create

Accepted Answer

A)  action potentials. 
B)  reverberating circuits. 
C)  repeat pathways. 
D)  blocked impulses. 
E)  weak action potentials. 
A)  action potentials. 
B)  reverberating circuits. 
C)  repeat pathways. 
D)  blocked impulses. 
E)  weak action potentials.

Question 10

An action potential is brought about by

Accepted Answer

A)  a sudden membrane impermeability. 
B)  the movement of negatively charged proteins through the neuronal membrane. 
C)  the movement of lipoproteins to the outer membrane. 
D)  a local change in membrane permeability caused by a greater-than-threshold stimulus. 
E)  the movement of negatively charged amino acids through the neuronal membrane. 
A)  a sudden membrane impermeability. 
B)  the movement of negatively charged proteins through the neuronal membrane. 
C)  the movement of lipoproteins to the outer membrane. 
D)  a local change in membrane permeability caused by a greater-than-threshold stimulus. 
E)  the movement of negatively charged amino acids through the neuronal membrane.

Question 11

At an inhibitory synapse,

Accepted Answer

A)  no transmitter substances are released by the sending cell. 
B)  a transmitter substance produces changes in the receiving cell that drive the membrane potential away from threshold. 
C)  no transmitter substance can bind to the receiving cell. 
D)  a transmitter substance produces changes in the receiving cell that drive the membrane potential closer to threshold. 
E)  a transmitter is degraded by an enzyme. 
A)  no transmitter substances are released by the sending cell. 
B)  a transmitter substance produces changes in the receiving cell that drive the membrane potential away from threshold. 
C)  no transmitter substance can bind to the receiving cell. 
D)  a transmitter substance produces changes in the receiving cell that drive the membrane potential closer to threshold. 
E)  a transmitter is degraded by an enzyme.

Question 12

The need for larger and more frequent doses of a drug is called

Accepted Answer

A)  addiction. 
B)  habituation. 
C)  psychological dependence. 
D)  synergism. 
E)  tolerance. 
A)  addiction. 
B)  habituation. 
C)  psychological dependence. 
D)  synergism. 
E)  tolerance.

Question 13

Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems send nerves to all organs. 
B)  The sympathetic nervous system that supplies an organ will also provide parasympathetic nerves to it. 
C)  The sympathetic branch can have either excitatory or inhibitory effects depending on effects from the environment. 
D)  The sympathetic branch of the autonomic system usually speeds up the activities of the body. 
E)  The parasympathetic system usually speeds up the activities of the body. 
A)  Both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems send nerves to all organs. 
B)  The sympathetic nervous system that supplies an organ will also provide parasympathetic nerves to it. 
C)  The sympathetic branch can have either excitatory or inhibitory effects depending on effects from the environment. 
D)  The sympathetic branch of the autonomic system usually speeds up the activities of the body. 
E)  The parasympathetic system usually speeds up the activities of the body.

Question 14

Which of the following may trigger a migraine headache?

Accepted Answer

A)  hormonal changes 
B)  fluorescent lights 
C)  certain foods 
D)  weather changes 
E)  all of these 
A)  hormonal changes 
B)  fluorescent lights 
C)  certain foods 
D)  weather changes 
E)  all of these

Question 15

States of consciousness are controlled by the

Accepted Answer

A)  reticular formation. 
B)  medulla. 
C)  cerebellum. 
D)  cerebral cortex. 
E)  hypothalamus. 
A)  reticular formation. 
B)  medulla. 
C)  cerebellum. 
D)  cerebral cortex. 
E)  hypothalamus.

Question 16

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are innervated by the autonomic nervous system. Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  skeletal muscles 
B)  smooth muscles 
C)  heart 
D)  endocrine glands 
E)  exocrine glands 
A)  skeletal muscles 
B)  smooth muscles 
C)  heart 
D)  endocrine glands 
E)  exocrine glands

Question 17

The central nervous system includes

Accepted Answer

A)  the brain. 
B)  the spinal cord 
C)  interneurons 
D)  all of these. 
E)  a and b only. 
A)  the brain. 
B)  the spinal cord 
C)  interneurons 
D)  all of these. 
E)  a and b only.

Question 18

Areas of the spinal cord appear glistening white because of

Accepted Answer

A)  naked dendrites. 
B)  cell bodies. 
C)  neuroglia cells. 
D)  lack of meninges. 
E)  myelin sheaths. 
A)  naked dendrites. 
B)  cell bodies. 
C)  neuroglia cells. 
D)  lack of meninges. 
E)  myelin sheaths.

Question 19

The autonomic subdivision of the vertebrate nervous system would innervate all but which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  intestinal muscles 
B)  skeletal muscles 
C)  heart 
D)  pancreas 
E)  liver 
A)  intestinal muscles 
B)  skeletal muscles 
C)  heart 
D)  pancreas 
E)  liver

Question 20

Which of the following neurotransmitters prepares the body to respond to stress or excitement?

Accepted Answer

A)  acetylcholine 
B)  dopamine 
C)  epinephrine 
D)  serotonin 
E)  endorphins 
A)  acetylcholine 
B)  dopamine 
C)  epinephrine 
D)  serotonin 
E)  endorphins

Exam 13: The Nervous System

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are classified as white matter. Select the exception.

The basic unit of the nervous system is

Information is processed and sensory input and motor responses are integrated in the

Interneurons are found in the

The mode of action of Ecstasy is to

By definition, a nerve is

The somatic subdivision of the vertebrate nervous system would innervate which of the following?

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are participants in a common function. Select the exception.

Neurons that synapse back on themselves create

An action potential is brought about by

At an inhibitory synapse,

The need for larger and more frequent doses of a drug is called

Which statement is true?

Which of the following may trigger a migraine headache?

States of consciousness are controlled by the

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are innervated by the autonomic nervous system. Select the exception.

The central nervous system includes

Areas of the spinal cord appear glistening white because of

The autonomic subdivision of the vertebrate nervous system would innervate all but which of the following?

Which of the following neurotransmitters prepares the body to respond to stress or excitement?

Learning About Human Biology

Chemistry of Life

Cells and How They Work

Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems

The Skeletal System

The Muscular System

Circulation: the Heart and Blood Vessels

Blood

Immunity and Disease

The Respiratory System

Digestion and Nutrition

The Urinary System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Reproductive Systems

Development and Aging

Cell Reproduction

Introduction to Genetics

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA, Genes, and Biotechnology

Genes and Disease: Cancer

Principles of Evolution

Principles of Ecology

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

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