Question 1

Which of the following statements concerning the peripheral nervous system is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spinal nerves lead to and from the spinal cord. 
B)  There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves. 
C)  Cranial nerves lead from the brain directly to the spinal cord. 
D)  Some nerves carry only sensory information. 
E)  Some nerves are both sensory and motor. 
A)  Spinal nerves lead to and from the spinal cord. 
B)  There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves. 
C)  Cranial nerves lead from the brain directly to the spinal cord. 
D)  Some nerves carry only sensory information. 
E)  Some nerves are both sensory and motor.

Question 2

Functionally speaking, a nerve impulse is

Accepted Answer

A)  a flow of electrons along the outside of the plasma membrane of a neuron. 
B)  the movement of cytoplasmic elements through the core of the neuron. 
C)  a series of changes in membrane potentials. 
D)  a lengthening and shortening of the membrane extensions of an individual neuron. 
E)  a change in the metabolic rate within a neuron. 
A)  a flow of electrons along the outside of the plasma membrane of a neuron. 
B)  the movement of cytoplasmic elements through the core of the neuron. 
C)  a series of changes in membrane potentials. 
D)  a lengthening and shortening of the membrane extensions of an individual neuron. 
E)  a change in the metabolic rate within a neuron.

Question 3

Once a threshold is reached,

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of sodium gates that open depends upon the strength of a stimulus. 
B)  a graded local potential will be unable to spread to a trigger zone of the nerve membrane. 
C)  the resting potential of a neuron is restored. 
D)  the potassium channels in the input zone open. 
E)  the opening of sodium gates and the accompanying flow of sodium ions is an example of positive feedback. 
A)  the number of sodium gates that open depends upon the strength of a stimulus. 
B)  a graded local potential will be unable to spread to a trigger zone of the nerve membrane. 
C)  the resting potential of a neuron is restored. 
D)  the potassium channels in the input zone open. 
E)  the opening of sodium gates and the accompanying flow of sodium ions is an example of positive feedback.

Question 4

The phrase "all or nothing," used in conjunction with discussion about an action potential, means that

Accepted Answer

A)  a resting membrane potential has been received by the cell. 
B)  nothing can stop the action potential once the threshold is reached. 
C)  the membrane either achieves total equilibrium or remains as far from equilibrium as possible. 
D)  propagation along the neuron is saltatory. 
E)  the action potential is strong. 
A)  a resting membrane potential has been received by the cell. 
B)  nothing can stop the action potential once the threshold is reached. 
C)  the membrane either achieves total equilibrium or remains as far from equilibrium as possible. 
D)  propagation along the neuron is saltatory. 
E)  the action potential is strong.

Question 5

Clusters of cell bodies of neurons outside the central nervous system are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  nerve cords. 
B)  ganglia. 
C)  a plexus. 
D)  notochords. 
E)  nerves. 
A)  nerve cords. 
B)  ganglia. 
C)  a plexus. 
D)  notochords. 
E)  nerves.

Question 6

Long term use of Ecstasy can lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  chronic fevers. 
B)  chronic rapid heart rate. 
C)  memory loss. 
D)  kidney failure. 
E)  liver failure. 
A)  chronic fevers. 
B)  chronic rapid heart rate. 
C)  memory loss. 
D)  kidney failure. 
E)  liver failure.

Question 7

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are parts of the same nerve grouping. Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  cranial nerve 
B)  thoracic nerve 
C)  lumbar nerve 
D)  cervical nerve 
E)  sacral nerve 
A)  cranial nerve 
B)  thoracic nerve 
C)  lumbar nerve 
D)  cervical nerve 
E)  sacral nerve

Question 8

Neuroglial cells do all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  metabolically support other neurons. 
B)  form sheaths around neurons and control the rate of impulse transmission. 
C)  form more than half of the volume of the brain. 
D)  provide physical support. 
E)  conduct action potentials. 
A)  metabolically support other neurons. 
B)  form sheaths around neurons and control the rate of impulse transmission. 
C)  form more than half of the volume of the brain. 
D)  provide physical support. 
E)  conduct action potentials.

Question 9

Which area of the cerebrum deals with learned patterns or motor skills?

Accepted Answer

A)  Broca's area 
B)  Wernicke's area 
C)  prefrontal cortex 
D)  premotor cortex 
E)  hippocampus 
A)  Broca's area 
B)  Wernicke's area 
C)  prefrontal cortex 
D)  premotor cortex 
E)  hippocampus

Question 10

Meningitis may be diagnosed by analyzing a sample of

Accepted Answer

A)  brain tissue. 
B)  CSF. 
C)  blood. 
D)  spinal cord. 
E)  meninges. 
A)  brain tissue. 
B)  CSF. 
C)  blood. 
D)  spinal cord. 
E)  meninges.

Question 11

The Schwann cell's counterpart in the central nervous system is the

Accepted Answer

A)  microglial cell. 
B)  astrocytes. 
C)  ependymal cells. 
D)  oligodendrocytes. 
E)  satellite cells. 
A)  microglial cell. 
B)  astrocytes. 
C)  ependymal cells. 
D)  oligodendrocytes. 
E)  satellite cells.

Question 12

The resting potential of a neuron is approximately

Accepted Answer

A)  - 70 microvolts. 
B)  - 70 millivolts. 
C)  - 70 volts. 
D)  - 70 electrovolts. 
E)  - 70 megavolts. 
A)  - 70 microvolts. 
B)  - 70 millivolts. 
C)  - 70 volts. 
D)  - 70 electrovolts. 
E)  - 70 megavolts.

Question 13

What happens immediately following the closing of the sodium gates during an action potential?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sodium ions enter the cell. 
B)  Sodium ions leave the cell. 
C)  Potassium ions enter the cell. 
D)  Potassium ions leave the cell. 
E)  Calcium ions leave the cell. 
A)  Sodium ions enter the cell. 
B)  Sodium ions leave the cell. 
C)  Potassium ions enter the cell. 
D)  Potassium ions leave the cell. 
E)  Calcium ions leave the cell.

Question 14

The occurrence of an action potential can best be compared to a

Accepted Answer

A)  switch to turn a lamp on and off. 
B)  volume control on a stereo. 
C)  door to a classroom. 
D)  room light dimmer switch. 
E)  gradually inclined ramp. 
A)  switch to turn a lamp on and off. 
B)  volume control on a stereo. 
C)  door to a classroom. 
D)  room light dimmer switch. 
E)  gradually inclined ramp.

Question 15

The gray matter of the brain is associated with the

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebral cortex. 
B)  pons. 
C)  optic chiasm. 
D)  corpus callosum. 
E)  thalamus. 
A)  cerebral cortex. 
B)  pons. 
C)  optic chiasm. 
D)  corpus callosum. 
E)  thalamus.

Question 16

Transmitter substances may be described as all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  include acetylcholine. 
B)  change the permeability of postsynaptic cells. 
C)  may be excitatory or inhibitory. 
D)  may participate in synaptic integration. 
E)  ions. 
A)  include acetylcholine. 
B)  change the permeability of postsynaptic cells. 
C)  may be excitatory or inhibitory. 
D)  may participate in synaptic integration. 
E)  ions.

Question 17

Resting membrane potential may be defined as

Accepted Answer

A)  the difference of charge between cytoplasmic side of cell's membrane and outer membrane side of cell. 
B)  a positive charge. 
C)  an action potential. 
D)  axon generated. 
E)  a nerve impulse. 
A)  the difference of charge between cytoplasmic side of cell's membrane and outer membrane side of cell. 
B)  a positive charge. 
C)  an action potential. 
D)  axon generated. 
E)  a nerve impulse.

Question 18

The active ingredient in the popular drug Ecstasy is related to

Accepted Answer

A)  heroin. 
B)  cocaine. 
C)  codeine. 
D)  amphetamine. 
E)  serotonin. 
A)  heroin. 
B)  cocaine. 
C)  codeine. 
D)  amphetamine. 
E)  serotonin.

Question 19

What percentage of the nervous system is made up of neuroglia?

Accepted Answer

A)  twenty 
B)  fifty 
C)  sixty 
D)  seventy five 
E)  ninety 
A)  twenty 
B)  fifty 
C)  sixty 
D)  seventy five 
E)  ninety

Question 20

When a neuron is at rest,

Accepted Answer

A)  there is a voltage difference across the membrane of about + 70 millivolts. 
B)  the interior is positively charged. 
C)  it is responding to a stimulus. 
D)  the fluid outside the membrane has more sodium and less potassium than the cytoplasm. 
E)  axons are firing at a faster rate. 
A)  there is a voltage difference across the membrane of about + 70 millivolts. 
B)  the interior is positively charged. 
C)  it is responding to a stimulus. 
D)  the fluid outside the membrane has more sodium and less potassium than the cytoplasm. 
E)  axons are firing at a faster rate.

Exam 13: The Nervous System

Which of the following statements concerning the peripheral nervous system is false?

Functionally speaking, a nerve impulse is

Once a threshold is reached,

The phrase "all or nothing," used in conjunction with discussion about an action potential, means that

Clusters of cell bodies of neurons outside the central nervous system are known as

Long term use of Ecstasy can lead to

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are parts of the same nerve grouping. Select the exception.

Neuroglial cells do all of the following EXCEPT

Which area of the cerebrum deals with learned patterns or motor skills?

Meningitis may be diagnosed by analyzing a sample of

The Schwann cell's counterpart in the central nervous system is the

The resting potential of a neuron is approximately

What happens immediately following the closing of the sodium gates during an action potential?

The occurrence of an action potential can best be compared to a

The gray matter of the brain is associated with the

Transmitter substances may be described as all of the following EXCEPT

Resting membrane potential may be defined as

The active ingredient in the popular drug Ecstasy is related to

What percentage of the nervous system is made up of neuroglia?

When a neuron is at rest,

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