Exam 2: Explanations for Organized Crime

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Research has shown that serotonin levels have no value as a predictor of criminal behavior. ​

(True/False)
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During the era known as ________________ during the 1920s and 30s, the illegal sale and distribution of liquor in America acted as catalyst for the development of organized crime. ​

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Leaders of organized criminal enterprises maintain formal and informal political, economic, and religious ties that provide: ​

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According to Durkheim, retreatism refers to a state of normlessness which is the result of dramatic societal change . ​

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Describe the theory of ethnic succession as it is used in the context of organized crime. ​

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Psychopaths exhibit a strong conscience, which allows them to pacify their guilt in order to harm another. ​

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According to Fredric Thrasher, "Experience in a predatory gang develops in the boy _____________ law and order." ​

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What are Robert K. Merton's five modes of adaptation? Why is innovation most important when studying organized crime? ​

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Recent biological theories of crime identify which of the following as playing a part in criminal behavior? ​

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Which of the following modes of Merton's adaptation includes organized criminal activity for those who would play the game differently? ​

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According to ethnic succession, persons involved in organized crime are not committed to a deviant subculture but are merely using available, albeit illegal, opportunity to achieve economic success. ​

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_________________ refers to the study of society, social institutions, human interaction, collective behavior, and the behavior of organized groups. ​

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As the only theory developed to explain the continued existence of organized crime, _____________ posits that organized crime provides a "queer ladder of social mobility" for disadvantaged groups who eventually leave organized crime, making way for the next wave. ​

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How does the differential association theory explain why organized crime is more likely to occur in certain neighborhoods? ​

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According to learning theory, antisocial behavior is sometimes the result of learning-positive and negative reinforcement-directly from others. ​

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_____________ refers to a source of patterning in human conduct; it is the sum of patterns of social relationships and shared meanings by which people give order, expression, and value to common experiences. ​

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