Exam 14: Pretrial Visual Identification Procedures

The American Bar Association recommends that lineups and photo arrays should be double-blind.This means that the suspect and the foils should not be able to see the identity of the witness.

?If an accused requests assistance of their own counsel at a confrontation

The Wade-Gilbert cases held that a post-indictment pre-trial lineup is a "critical stage" of a criminal prosecution that triggers the right to counsel.The logic of the Court in reaching this conclusion was that the presence of the defense attorney:

The next day after a robbery,the police bring the victim to the station to view a group of a half-dozen people in hopes the victim can identify the perpetrator.The most specific term for this procedure is a

If police require a person in custody to appear in a lineup over his objection,there is

Within an hour after a robbery the police bring to the victim a single photograph of a perpetrator whose modus operandi and description match that described by the victim.The most specific term for this procedure is

Perception and memory optimally functions when there is only a moderate amount of stress.This principle is referred to as the ____________.

Which of the following is a true statement about the proper procedures for conducting a lineup?

Given the causes of misidentification,the United States Supreme Court has held that identifications that occur under questionable circumstances should

An officer conducting a lineup should allow the defense attorney at the lineup to do all but which of the following?

In a criminal prosecution the accused has a Sixth Amendment right to

The difference between a lineup and a showup is that a lineup includes a group of persons,whereas the showup involves a presentation of only one criminal suspect to the witness making the identification.

When a person has witnessed a violent crime that involves a weapon,he pays very close attention to his surroundings and his level of accuracy in recalling these events is much higher than in normal circumstances.

Briefly explain what is meant by cross-racial identification bias.

Describe the differences between a lineup and a showup.

Describe the first stage of the memory acquisition,or encoding,process.

The generic term which means any type of presentation of a suspect in person to a victim to identify the perpetrator is _______________.

Give two examples that the courts have stated that may be prejudicial when presenting a photo array to a victim of a crime.

Retrieval of memories can be affected by ________________.In this phenomenon,different memory images may become combined or confused with one another.

In which of the following circumstances would it be appropriate to use a showup identification?