Exam 8: The Adaptive Mind Learning

What is a disadvantage of continuous reinforcement?

Which of the following is an example of a fixed ratio schedule of partial reinforcement?

Inevitable, involuntary responses to stimuli that are primarily controlled by circuits located in the spinal cord and brainstem are referred to as

A schedule of partial reinforcement in which reinforcement occurs after a fluctuating number of behaviors is called a(n) _____ schedule.

When is the matching law most applicable?

Learning in which stimuli associated with a conditioned stimulus also elicits conditioned responding is called

Which of the following methods of behavior modification adheres to the Premack Principle?

Jo is at the gym one afternoon, jogging on the treadmill at 3.0 miles per hour. A stranger gets on the treadmill next to her and begins running at 6.5 miles per hour. Jo notices this, and slowly increases her own running speed. This enhancement of Jo's performance on a simple task by the presence of others is called

What is an effective method for teaching a new behavior that involves balancing too much versus too little reinforcement?

An inborn pattern of behavior elicited by environmental stimuli is known as

The formation of associations between two stimuli, which occur sequentially in time, is referred to as

In which of the following scenarios is Roxie, the dog, most likely to rapidly learn to associate a conditioned stimulus with food?

Carlos has an intense fear of public speaking, which hinders his advancement in his job. He is an assistant professor of economics and must speak regularly to large classes of students. He must also present his research to his peers within the university and at large academic conferences. Using principles of classical conditioning, develop a plan to help Carlos reduce his fear of public speaking. Be specific as to which principle(s) you are applying and how they work.

What distinguishes a reflex from an instinct?

A schedule of reinforcement in which reinforcement occurs after a set number of behaviors is called a _____ schedule.

Eli is afraid of bees and has been ever since he was nearly stung by one a few months ago. Lately, his father has been very distressed to see that Eli is now afraid of any flying insect, even tiny ones like gnats. The fact that Eli gets terribly afraid and runs to another room whenever he sees a flying "bug" demonstrates

What is a token economy?

Based on the work of Richard Dawkins, the basic unit of cultural transmission is known as a(n)

What is a key distinction between classical conditioning and operant conditioning?

An environmental cue or event whose significance is learned is referred to as a(n)