Question 1

Which of the following is an advantage of observational learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anyone in a child's life can act as a role model. 
B)  It is most effective for teaching desirable rather than undesirable behaviors. 
C)  The learning occurs rapidly. 
D)  It expands learning capacity. 
A)  Anyone in a child's life can act as a role model. 
B)  It is most effective for teaching desirable rather than undesirable behaviors. 
C)  The learning occurs rapidly. 
D)  It expands learning capacity.

Question 2

Which of the following is true regarding latent inhibition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Learning associated with latent inhibition involves forgetting a response, resulting in relatively poor learning. 
B)  Learning associated with latent inhibition involves forgetting a response, resulting in very effective learning. 
C)  Learning associated with latent inhibition is slow, resulting in relatively poor learning. 
D)  Learning associated with latent inhibition is slow, resulting in very effective learning. 
A)  Learning associated with latent inhibition involves forgetting a response, resulting in relatively poor learning. 
B)  Learning associated with latent inhibition involves forgetting a response, resulting in very effective learning. 
C)  Learning associated with latent inhibition is slow, resulting in relatively poor learning. 
D)  Learning associated with latent inhibition is slow, resulting in very effective learning.

Question 3

Which of the following behavioral changes best illustrates the process of learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  Evan, age 2 months, just started to smile at his parents. 
B)  Daniel, age 36, sees an attractive woman, which causes his pupils to dilate. 
C)  Claire, age 8, practices treading water so that she will be allowed to swim in her grandmother's swimming pool. 
D)  Nathan, age 11, quickly withdrawals his hand from the hot oven as the heat begins to burn his skin. 
A)  Evan, age 2 months, just started to smile at his parents. 
B)  Daniel, age 36, sees an attractive woman, which causes his pupils to dilate. 
C)  Claire, age 8, practices treading water so that she will be allowed to swim in her grandmother's swimming pool. 
D)  Nathan, age 11, quickly withdrawals his hand from the hot oven as the heat begins to burn his skin.

Question 4

A father sings a catch phrase from a classic television commercial to his children as he pours milk over the cereal in their bowls. Now that his children are grown and started families, they sing the same catch phrase to his grandchildren when they pour milk over the cereal in the grandchildren's bowls. In this scenario, the catch phrase is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A)  secondary reinforce. 
B)  negatively reinforced behavior. 
C)  meme. 
D)  vicarious punishment. 
A)  secondary reinforce. 
B)  negatively reinforced behavior. 
C)  meme. 
D)  vicarious punishment.

Question 5

How does the presence of other people alter performance?

Accepted Answer

A)  It causes the extinction of the performance of a simple task and facilitates that of a complex task. 
B)  It causes the extinction of the performance of a complex task and facilitates that of a simple task. 
C)  It enhances the performance of a simple task but hinders that of a complex task. 
D)  It enhances the performance of a complex task but hinders that of a simple task. 
A)  It causes the extinction of the performance of a simple task and facilitates that of a complex task. 
B)  It causes the extinction of the performance of a complex task and facilitates that of a simple task. 
C)  It enhances the performance of a simple task but hinders that of a complex task. 
D)  It enhances the performance of a complex task but hinders that of a simple task.

Question 6

Aiden and Rey live next to a busy highway. When they first moved, it was difficult to sleep with the noise of the traffic, but now they don't seem to notice, which is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  observational learning. 
B)  sensitization. 
C)  habituation. 
D)  imprinting. 
A)  observational learning. 
B)  sensitization. 
C)  habituation. 
D)  imprinting.

Question 7

Tim, who suffers from alcoholism, is prescribed disulfiram by his doctor to help halt his alcohol consumption. Disulfiram works by causing unpleasant physiological effects when even small amounts of alcohol are consumed. This type of treatment is best described as

Accepted Answer

A)  counterconditioning. 
B)  flooding. 
C)  systematic desensitization. 
D)  inhibition. 
A)  counterconditioning. 
B)  flooding. 
C)  systematic desensitization. 
D)  inhibition.

Question 8

Learning is traditionally divided into three categories: associative, nonassociative, and

Accepted Answer

A)  classical. 
B)  operant. 
C)  conditioned. 
D)  observational. 
A)  classical. 
B)  operant. 
C)  conditioned. 
D)  observational.

Question 9

Which of the following is true regarding operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A)  It involves either voluntary or involuntary behaviors depending on the response state. 
B)  It involves either voluntary or involuntary behaviors depending on the stimulus. 
C)  It generally involves involuntary behaviors. 
D)  It generally involves voluntary behaviors. 
A)  It involves either voluntary or involuntary behaviors depending on the response state. 
B)  It involves either voluntary or involuntary behaviors depending on the stimulus. 
C)  It generally involves involuntary behaviors. 
D)  It generally involves voluntary behaviors.

Question 10

Jenna, who is recovering from drug addiction, attends counseling sessions so that she will no longer associate the sight of a needle and syringe with an expected drug effect. During the counseling sessions, Jenna handles a syringe without receiving any drugs as her counselor pairs a new signal with the sight of the syringe: a favorite song of Jenna's. The method used here illustrates the use of

Accepted Answer

A)  extinction. 
B)  an inhibitory conditioned stimulus. 
C)  an excitatory unconditioned stimulus. 
D)  cognitive mapping. 
A)  extinction. 
B)  an inhibitory conditioned stimulus. 
C)  an excitatory unconditioned stimulus. 
D)  cognitive mapping.

Question 11

Which process gives organisms the flexibility to survive in a changing world?

Accepted Answer

A)  Learning 
B)  Instincts 
C)  Reflexes 
D)  Variable action patterns 
A)  Learning 
B)  Instincts 
C)  Reflexes 
D)  Variable action patterns

Question 12

Which process best illustrates the effect of developmental stages on the interaction between instinct and learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  Imprinting 
B)  Facilitating 
C)  Conditioning 
D)  Engulfing 
A)  Imprinting 
B)  Facilitating 
C)  Conditioning 
D)  Engulfing

Question 13

The reappearance of conditioned responses after periods of rest between sessions of extinction training is called

Accepted Answer

A)  dominant presentation. 
B)  reacquisition. 
C)  spontaneous recovery. 
D)  higher order conditioning. 
A)  dominant presentation. 
B)  reacquisition. 
C)  spontaneous recovery. 
D)  higher order conditioning.

Question 14

Dr. Graham exposes rats to a vanilla scent prior to receiving a food pellet in the left corner of their cage, but provides no food after exposure to a lemon scent. After several trials, upon smelling a vanilla scent, the rats wait at the far-left corner of the cage regardless of whether a food pellet is present. However, they do not wait in the far-left corner when exposed to the lemon scent. What is the unconditioned stimulus in the experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vanilla scent 
B)  Food pellet 
C)  Left corner of cage 
D)  Lemon scent 
A)  Vanilla scent 
B)  Food pellet 
C)  Left corner of cage 
D)  Lemon scent

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a variable interval schedule of partial reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A)  In hopes of winning a big jackpot, Penny plays the slot machines at a nearby casino. 
B)  Sam earns extra money by shoveling his neighbor's driveways and sidewalks in the winter. He charges $20 per job but only shovels for snow falls of 1 inch or more. 
C)  Marcus takes his daughter Rebekah fishing, and explains that you never know how long you have to leave your line in the water before a fish will bite. 
D)  Jaime has a paper due once a month in his sociology course. His productivity is low at the beginning of the month and high as the deadline approaches. 
A)  In hopes of winning a big jackpot, Penny plays the slot machines at a nearby casino. 
B)  Sam earns extra money by shoveling his neighbor's driveways and sidewalks in the winter. He charges $20 per job but only shovels for snow falls of 1 inch or more. 
C)  Marcus takes his daughter Rebekah fishing, and explains that you never know how long you have to leave your line in the water before a fish will bite. 
D)  Jaime has a paper due once a month in his sociology course. His productivity is low at the beginning of the month and high as the deadline approaches.

Question 16

With which of the following behaviors would operant conditioning work best?

Accepted Answer

A)  Riding a bicycle 
B)  Fearing an approaching thunderstorm 
C)  Salivating at the smell of cookies baking 
D)  Feeling nervous before speaking in public 
A)  Riding a bicycle 
B)  Fearing an approaching thunderstorm 
C)  Salivating at the smell of cookies baking 
D)  Feeling nervous before speaking in public

Question 17

A consequence that eliminates or reduces the frequency of a behavior by applying an aversive stimulus is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  negative reinforcement. 
B)  positive punishment. 
C)  negative punishment. 
D)  positive reinforcement. 
A)  negative reinforcement. 
B)  positive punishment. 
C)  negative punishment. 
D)  positive reinforcement.

Question 18

A schedule of partial reinforcement in which the first response after a changing, or non-fixed, period of time is reinforced is called a(n) _____ schedule.

Accepted Answer

A)  variable ratio 
B)  variable interval 
C)  arbitrary interval 
D)  arbitrary ratio 
A)  variable ratio 
B)  variable interval 
C)  arbitrary interval 
D)  arbitrary ratio

Question 19

A reaction to a given stimulus that is learned or acquired over time is referred to as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  unconditioned response. 
B)  conditioned response. 
C)  characteristic response. 
D)  uncharacteristic response. 
A)  unconditioned response. 
B)  conditioned response. 
C)  characteristic response. 
D)  uncharacteristic response.

Question 20

Which of the following is likely to be the most effective form of punishment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Marjorie promptly takes away her son Ben's crayons each time he refuses to share with his younger brother, causing Ben to cry. 
B)  Alice catches her daughter Debby smoking in the attic and shouts: "Just wait until your father gets home this weekend!" 
C)  Ken sometimes yells at his son Artie for coming home later than his curfew. 
D)  Jane sends her son Josh to bed without supper when he uses swear words at the dinner table; although hungry, Josh uses this time to read in his room. 
A)  Marjorie promptly takes away her son Ben's crayons each time he refuses to share with his younger brother, causing Ben to cry. 
B)  Alice catches her daughter Debby smoking in the attic and shouts: "Just wait until your father gets home this weekend!" 
C)  Ken sometimes yells at his son Artie for coming home later than his curfew. 
D)  Jane sends her son Josh to bed without supper when he uses swear words at the dinner table; although hungry, Josh uses this time to read in his room.

Which of the following is an advantage of observational learning?

Which of the following is true regarding latent inhibition?

Which of the following behavioral changes best illustrates the process of learning?

How does the presence of other people alter performance?

Aiden and Rey live next to a busy highway. When they first moved, it was difficult to sleep with the noise of the traffic, but now they don't seem to notice, which is the result of

Tim, who suffers from alcoholism, is prescribed disulfiram by his doctor to help halt his alcohol consumption. Disulfiram works by causing unpleasant physiological effects when even small amounts of alcohol are consumed. This type of treatment is best described as

Learning is traditionally divided into three categories: associative, nonassociative, and

Which of the following is true regarding operant conditioning?

Which process gives organisms the flexibility to survive in a changing world?

Which process best illustrates the effect of developmental stages on the interaction between instinct and learning?

The reappearance of conditioned responses after periods of rest between sessions of extinction training is called

Which of the following is an example of a variable interval schedule of partial reinforcement?

With which of the following behaviors would operant conditioning work best?

A consequence that eliminates or reduces the frequency of a behavior by applying an aversive stimulus is referred to as

A schedule of partial reinforcement in which the first response after a changing, or non-fixed, period of time is reinforced is called a(n) _____ schedule.

A reaction to a given stimulus that is learned or acquired over time is referred to as a(n)

Which of the following is likely to be the most effective form of punishment?

The Science of Mind the Discipline of Psychology

The Measure of Mind Methods of Psychology

The Evolving Mind Nature and Nurture Intertwined

The Biological Mind the Physical Basis of Behavior

The Perceiving Mind Sensation and Perception

The Aware Mind Elements of Consciousness

The Feeling Mind Emotion and Motivation

The Knowing Mind Memory

The Thinking Mind Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

The Developing Mind Life Span Development

The Individual Mind Personality and the Self

The Connected Mind Social Psychology

The Troubled Mind Psychological Disorders

Healing the Troubled Mind Therapy

The Healthy Mind Stress and Coping, Health Psychology, and Positive Psychology

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Exam 8: The Adaptive Mind Learning

Which of the following is an advantage of observational learning?

Which of the following is true regarding latent inhibition?

Which of the following behavioral changes best illustrates the process of learning?

How does the presence of other people alter performance?

Aiden and Rey live next to a busy highway. When they first moved, it was difficult to sleep with the noise of the traffic, but now they don't seem to notice, which is the result of

Tim, who suffers from alcoholism, is prescribed disulfiram by his doctor to help halt his alcohol consumption. Disulfiram works by causing unpleasant physiological effects when even small amounts of alcohol are consumed. This type of treatment is best described as

Learning is traditionally divided into three categories: associative, nonassociative, and

Which of the following is true regarding operant conditioning?

Which process gives organisms the flexibility to survive in a changing world?

Which process best illustrates the effect of developmental stages on the interaction between instinct and learning?

The reappearance of conditioned responses after periods of rest between sessions of extinction training is called

Which of the following is an example of a variable interval schedule of partial reinforcement?

With which of the following behaviors would operant conditioning work best?

A consequence that eliminates or reduces the frequency of a behavior by applying an aversive stimulus is referred to as

A schedule of partial reinforcement in which the first response after a changing, or non-fixed, period of time is reinforced is called a(n) _____ schedule.

A reaction to a given stimulus that is learned or acquired over time is referred to as a(n)

Which of the following is likely to be the most effective form of punishment?

The Science of Mind the Discipline of Psychology

The Measure of Mind Methods of Psychology

The Evolving Mind Nature and Nurture Intertwined

The Biological Mind the Physical Basis of Behavior

The Perceiving Mind Sensation and Perception

The Aware Mind Elements of Consciousness

The Feeling Mind Emotion and Motivation

The Knowing Mind Memory

The Thinking Mind Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

The Developing Mind Life Span Development

The Individual Mind Personality and the Self

The Connected Mind Social Psychology

The Troubled Mind Psychological Disorders

Healing the Troubled Mind Therapy

The Healthy Mind Stress and Coping, Health Psychology, and Positive Psychology

Filters