Exam 5: Learning

Egan is unable to swim, and the other kids in his camp troop regularly tease him for this deficit. He finds that when he tries to swim, the kids respect his courage and stop mocking him. In a short amount of time, he is swimming like a champ, and the teasing completely stops. In this case, the cessation of the teasing is an example of

Think back to one of the many episodes of your life where you have learned through classical conditioning. Recount the learning experience, being sure to point out the different stimulus ® response components. Did you experience stimulus generalization? Has extinction occurred?

While camping, Ben was trying to put up a new tent. He forgot to bring the instructions and was having some trouble. Twice he tried to put it together, but some pieces were left over and the tent quickly fell down. Confused, he stood staring at the tent stakes, poles, ropes, and tarps. Suddenly, through __________, he figured out the problem and set up the entire tent in five minutes.

Lavonne hates to listen to new age music. Whenever Lavonne refuses to clean her room, her mother makes her stay in her room and plays new age music through the intercom. Her mother tells Lavonne that as soon as she finishes cleaning her room, the music will be stopped. The removal of the unpleasant music is an example of

The police blocked off the road in Carole's neighborhood that she usually uses to get home from work, so Carole used the next quickest route. Carole easily used the different route because

One aspect common to Tolman's research on latent learning and Köhler's research on insight is

Alex has learned that if his mom is upset and he praises her, she will cook him a great meal. However, if he praises his mom when she is in a good mood, she responds by saying, "Are you trying to butter me up?" and doesn't cook at all. In this example, Alex's mom's mood is

Chris does not like it when his infant son, Jacob, cries. Chris finds that if he makes goofy faces while Jacob is crying, Jacob will stop. Which learning principle best explains why Chris is more likely to make goofy faces in the future to make Jacob stop crying?

Jerome tried to please his parents by always being good, but whenever Jerome's older brother, Tom, misbehaved, their parents would punish both Tom and Jerome. Jerome soon stopped trying to please his parents because he didn't think it would make any difference. This change in Jerome's behavior is an example of

Mike loves Q-Mart and shops there often. One day another customer asked Mike if he knew where turkey basters were in the store. Mike immediately gave directions to the exact aisle, even though he never looked for turkey basters himself. Mike has displayed

Just before being attacked by a mugger while jogging, David had been listening to a saxophone player, watching a mime artist, and smelling the newly mown grass. According to the textbook, which of these stimuli is most likely to become a conditioned stimulus for fear?

Penelope watches her mother shell a peanut before eating it. She then picks up a peanut and begins to peel away the shell, too. This is an example of

Camilla is an insomniac. She spends a lot of time in her bed watching television and doing homework, but she finds sleep elusive when she lies down there. Camilla would benefit from using her bed only for sleeping (or sex with her partner)because it has become a

Learned helplessness involves learning that

Jon ate a hamburger that was contaminated with nasty bacteria. While eating the burger, Jon was watching an episode of the television show Small Wonder . Jon soon developed an aversion to hamburgers, but not to the television program, because of

Herbert the rat is put in a cage that is chilly. He operates in the environment by moving around the cage and bar-pressing. He discovers that moving around and bar-pressing have no impact on the temperature of the cage or anything else. Soon, Herbert stops moving around the cage at all. Even after the experimenter changes the situation and allows the temperature to be controlled through bar-pressing, Herbert fails to learn that he now has this control. Herbert is experiencing

Rob watches his sister, Kathryn, being punished for "smarting off" to their mom. Rob learns that he should never "smart off" to his mom, due to

While she was growing up, Lindsay was repeatedly told by others that she can't understand math concepts and she will never be any good at math. By the time Lindsay reached high school math classes, she didn't put any effort into the classes because she didn't think any amount of effort would help her to do well at math. This is an example of

Pookie, the dog, quickly learns that when she scratches at the door, her owner will allow her to go outside to play. This is an example of __________ conditioning.

Keleka's parents often deal with her misbehavior by not allowing her to watch her favorite TV program, Speed Racer . Marnie's parents deal with Marnie's misbehavior by spanking her. Keleka's parents are using __________, and Marnie's parents are using __________.