Question 1

Darius is a toddler who knows 200 words.These words he knows are referred to as his:

Accepted Answer

A)  lexicon 
B)  morphemes 
C)  natural language 
D)  phonemes 
A)  lexicon 
B)  morphemes 
C)  natural language 
D)  phonemes A

Question 2

The ________ hypothesis holds that the language we speak actually controls the nature of our thoughts.

Accepted Answer

A)  linguistic constraints 
B)  linguistic determinism 
C)  linguistic generativity 
D)  linguistic relativity 
A)  linguistic constraints 
B)  linguistic determinism 
C)  linguistic generativity 
D)  linguistic relativity B

Question 3

Russian speakers use different words for dark blue and light blue, whereas English speakers simply use "blue" for both.Which of the following is true regarding how native English and native Russian speakers discriminate different hues of blue?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no difference in how native Russian and native English speakers discriminate blue. 
B)  Native Russian speakers have a subtle advantage over English speakers in the ability to discriminate between blues that take different labels in Russian. 
C)  Native Russian speakers have a subtle disadvantage compared to English speakers in the ability to discriminate between blues that take different labels in Russian. 
D)  Native Russian speakers need to constantly monitor different hues of blue to know which label to use and this weakens perceptual processes. 
A)  There is no difference in how native Russian and native English speakers discriminate blue. 
B)  Native Russian speakers have a subtle advantage over English speakers in the ability to discriminate between blues that take different labels in Russian. 
C)  Native Russian speakers have a subtle disadvantage compared to English speakers in the ability to discriminate between blues that take different labels in Russian. 
D)  Native Russian speakers need to constantly monitor different hues of blue to know which label to use and this weakens perceptual processes. B

Question 4

All of the following statements about Kanzi are true EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Kanzi was a bonobo, a rare species of primate that seems more capable of joint attention than other nonhuman primates 
B)  Kanzi learned language using American Sign Language 
C)  Kanzi's ability to understand syntax far surpassed primates in earlier studies 
D)  Kanzi appeared to be able to produce genuinely novel structures 
A)  Kanzi was a bonobo, a rare species of primate that seems more capable of joint attention than other nonhuman primates 
B)  Kanzi learned language using American Sign Language 
C)  Kanzi's ability to understand syntax far surpassed primates in earlier studies 
D)  Kanzi appeared to be able to produce genuinely novel structures

Question 5

Marsha is learning American Sign Language (ASL) as a second language in college.Jocelyn is learning ASL in her elementary school.Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Marsha and Joceyln will use different brain regions for learning ASL, and both will quickly master its structure. 
B)  Marsha and Joceyln will use different brain regions for learning ASL, and Jocelyn will be at an advantage at mastering some aspects of its structure. 
C)  Marsha and Joceyln will use the same brain regions for learning ASL, and Jocelyn will be at an advantage at mastering some aspects of its structure. 
D)  Marsha and Joceyln will use the same brain regions for learning ASL, and both will quickly master its structure. 
A)  Marsha and Joceyln will use different brain regions for learning ASL, and both will quickly master its structure. 
B)  Marsha and Joceyln will use different brain regions for learning ASL, and Jocelyn will be at an advantage at mastering some aspects of its structure. 
C)  Marsha and Joceyln will use the same brain regions for learning ASL, and Jocelyn will be at an advantage at mastering some aspects of its structure. 
D)  Marsha and Joceyln will use the same brain regions for learning ASL, and both will quickly master its structure.

Question 6

Differentiate between phonology and semantics.

Accepted Answer

Phonology is concerned with the sound pa

Question 7

List and briefly define three types of constraints on word meaning.

Accepted Answer

There can be perceptual constraints, con

Question 8

Dr.Sparks is interested in sound patterns of a language and the rules for combining sounds into words.Dr.Sparks is focused on:

Accepted Answer

A)  phonology 
B)  pragmatics 
C)  semantics 
D)  syntax 
A)  phonology 
B)  pragmatics 
C)  semantics 
D)  syntax

Question 9

April, a toddler, is talking to her mother on the phone and points to a picture in her storybook and says "look at this." This illustrates:

Accepted Answer

A)  egocentrism 
B)  overextension 
C)  telegraphic speech 
D)  underextension 
A)  egocentrism 
B)  overextension 
C)  telegraphic speech 
D)  underextension

Question 10

Gabriel is a 1-year-old who utters the word "milk" whenever he is hungry to indicate he would like to eat.He also says "up" whenever he wants his grandfather to pick him up.These are examples of:

Accepted Answer

A)  child-directed speech 
B)  holophrases 
C)  overregularizations 
D)  telegraphic speech 
A)  child-directed speech 
B)  holophrases 
C)  overregularizations 
D)  telegraphic speech

Question 11

Linda, a toddler, says "I don't like about broccoli." Her mother responds, "You don't like broccoli but you like carrots." This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  motherese 
B)  recasting 
C)  rephrasing 
D)  semantic rephrasing 
A)  motherese 
B)  recasting 
C)  rephrasing 
D)  semantic rephrasing

Question 12

Piaget studied young children's ability to retell a story.His findings included all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  young children did not always provide relevant background information 
B)  young children sometimes omitted key details from the retelling of the story 
C)  young children did not understand the original story and didn't know what had happened 
D)  young children thoroughly confused listeners who did not already know the story 
A)  young children did not always provide relevant background information 
B)  young children sometimes omitted key details from the retelling of the story 
C)  young children did not understand the original story and didn't know what had happened 
D)  young children thoroughly confused listeners who did not already know the story

Question 13

What are universal constraints? Provide an example.

Accepted Answer

All languages show some of the same univ

Question 14

All of the following are true of vocabulary growth for most children EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  the child's vocabulary initially grows at a slow rate 
B)  the actual vocabulary size can vary considerably across children 
C)  there are usually sharp spurts in vocabulary growth rather than gradual increases 
D)  by age 5, many children have vocabularies as large as 10,000 words 
A)  the child's vocabulary initially grows at a slow rate 
B)  the actual vocabulary size can vary considerably across children 
C)  there are usually sharp spurts in vocabulary growth rather than gradual increases 
D)  by age 5, many children have vocabularies as large as 10,000 words

Question 15

Mat and cat are words that differ in their initial sounds.The "m" and "c" represent different:

Accepted Answer

A)  holophrases 
B)  lexicons 
C)  phonemes 
D)  universal constraints 
A)  holophrases 
B)  lexicons 
C)  phonemes 
D)  universal constraints

Question 16

Dr.Ladd is a linguist.She tells her class that in all languages all sentences must have a verb.This supports which principle of language development?

Accepted Answer

A)  generativity 
B)  linguistic determinism 
C)  principles and parameters approach 
D)  universal stimulus argument 
A)  generativity 
B)  linguistic determinism 
C)  principles and parameters approach 
D)  universal stimulus argument

Question 17

What are the smallest units of sound that create differences in meaning?

Accepted Answer

A)  holophrases 
B)  morphemes 
C)  phonemes 
D)  prosodies 
A)  holophrases 
B)  morphemes 
C)  phonemes 
D)  prosodies

Question 18

Miles is on vacation in Iceland.He sees a native say "köttur" while pointing to a white, fluffy cat with a long tail.Miles will likely assume this novel word means:

Accepted Answer

A)  cat 
B)  fluffy 
C)  tail 
D)  white 
A)  cat 
B)  fluffy 
C)  tail 
D)  white

Question 19

Rachel, a preschooler, told her mother than she "runned" at school instead of saying that she "ran." This illustrates:

Accepted Answer

A)  overextension 
B)  overregularization 
C)  underextension 
D)  underregularization 
A)  overextension 
B)  overregularization 
C)  underextension 
D)  underregularization

Question 20

Researchers presented 8-month-olds with uninterrupted strings of phonemes in which particular sets of sound patterns were repeated.After listening, infants heard either familiar or unfamiliar sound sequences.The infants in this study:

Accepted Answer

A)  looked longer toward the speakers when the familiar sequences played 
B)  looked longer toward the speakers when the novel sequences played 
C)  looked toward the speakers for similar amounts of time when they heard familiar and novel sequences 
D)  did not look toward the speakers after they had habituated to hearing strings of phonemes 
A)  looked longer toward the speakers when the familiar sequences played 
B)  looked longer toward the speakers when the novel sequences played 
C)  looked toward the speakers for similar amounts of time when they heard familiar and novel sequences 
D)  did not look toward the speakers after they had habituated to hearing strings of phonemes

Darius is a toddler who knows 200 words.These words he knows are referred to as his:

The ________ hypothesis holds that the language we speak actually controls the nature of our thoughts.

Russian speakers use different words for dark blue and light blue, whereas English speakers simply use "blue" for both.Which of the following is true regarding how native English and native Russian speakers discriminate different hues of blue?

All of the following statements about Kanzi are true EXCEPT:

Marsha is learning American Sign Language (ASL) as a second language in college.Jocelyn is learning ASL in her elementary school.Which of the following statements is true?

Differentiate between phonology and semantics.

List and briefly define three types of constraints on word meaning.

Dr.Sparks is interested in sound patterns of a language and the rules for combining sounds into words.Dr.Sparks is focused on:

April, a toddler, is talking to her mother on the phone and points to a picture in her storybook and says "look at this." This illustrates:

Gabriel is a 1-year-old who utters the word "milk" whenever he is hungry to indicate he would like to eat.He also says "up" whenever he wants his grandfather to pick him up.These are examples of:

Linda, a toddler, says "I don't like about broccoli." Her mother responds, "You don't like broccoli but you like carrots." This is an example of:

Piaget studied young children's ability to retell a story.His findings included all of the following EXCEPT:

What are universal constraints? Provide an example.

All of the following are true of vocabulary growth for most children EXCEPT:

Mat and cat are words that differ in their initial sounds.The "m" and "c" represent different:

Dr.Ladd is a linguist.She tells her class that in all languages all sentences must have a verb.This supports which principle of language development?

What are the smallest units of sound that create differences in meaning?

Miles is on vacation in Iceland.He sees a native say "köttur" while pointing to a white, fluffy cat with a long tail.Miles will likely assume this novel word means:

Rachel, a preschooler, told her mother than she "runned" at school instead of saying that she "ran." This illustrates:

Researchers presented 8-month-olds with uninterrupted strings of phonemes in which particular sets of sound patterns were repeated.After listening, infants heard either familiar or unfamiliar sound sequences.The infants in this study:

Approaching Psychological Development

The Biology of Development

Coming to Perceive the World

The Emergence of Action

Coming to Understand the Physical World

Connecting with the Social World

The Origins of Emotion, Temperament, and Personality

The Growth of Knowledge

The Growth of Cognitive Skills

Intelligence and Schooling

Morality in Thought and Action

Knowing Ourselves, Knowing Others

Becoming Part of the Family

Becoming Part of the Community

Psychopathology in Childhood

Development after Childhood and Adolescence

Filters

Exam 8: Language Development

Darius is a toddler who knows 200 words.These words he knows are referred to as his:

The ________ hypothesis holds that the language we speak actually controls the nature of our thoughts.

Russian speakers use different words for dark blue and light blue, whereas English speakers simply use "blue" for both.Which of the following is true regarding how native English and native Russian speakers discriminate different hues of blue?

All of the following statements about Kanzi are true EXCEPT:

Marsha is learning American Sign Language (ASL) as a second language in college.Jocelyn is learning ASL in her elementary school.Which of the following statements is true?

Differentiate between phonology and semantics.

List and briefly define three types of constraints on word meaning.

Dr.Sparks is interested in sound patterns of a language and the rules for combining sounds into words.Dr.Sparks is focused on:

April, a toddler, is talking to her mother on the phone and points to a picture in her storybook and says "look at this." This illustrates:

Gabriel is a 1-year-old who utters the word "milk" whenever he is hungry to indicate he would like to eat.He also says "up" whenever he wants his grandfather to pick him up.These are examples of:

Linda, a toddler, says "I don't like about broccoli." Her mother responds, "You don't like broccoli but you like carrots." This is an example of:

Piaget studied young children's ability to retell a story.His findings included all of the following EXCEPT:

What are universal constraints? Provide an example.

All of the following are true of vocabulary growth for most children EXCEPT:

Mat and cat are words that differ in their initial sounds.The "m" and "c" represent different:

Dr.Ladd is a linguist.She tells her class that in all languages all sentences must have a verb.This supports which principle of language development?

What are the smallest units of sound that create differences in meaning?

Miles is on vacation in Iceland.He sees a native say "köttur" while pointing to a white, fluffy cat with a long tail.Miles will likely assume this novel word means:

Rachel, a preschooler, told her mother than she "runned" at school instead of saying that she "ran." This illustrates:

Researchers presented 8-month-olds with uninterrupted strings of phonemes in which particular sets of sound patterns were repeated.After listening, infants heard either familiar or unfamiliar sound sequences.The infants in this study:

Approaching Psychological Development

The Biology of Development

Coming to Perceive the World

The Emergence of Action

Coming to Understand the Physical World

Connecting with the Social World

The Origins of Emotion, Temperament, and Personality

The Growth of Knowledge

The Growth of Cognitive Skills

Intelligence and Schooling

Morality in Thought and Action

Knowing Ourselves, Knowing Others

Becoming Part of the Family

Becoming Part of the Community

Psychopathology in Childhood

Development after Childhood and Adolescence

Filters