Question 1

All of the following statements are true EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  humans are the only species whose eyes have dark pupils and irises against a bright white background 
B)  there may be some evolutionary cost if the whites of human eyes are more visible to predators 
C)  adults show the same types of brain responses to gazes toward objects and gazes toward people 
D)  adults show different neural responses to a person who looks directly at them than a person who averts his gaze 
A)  humans are the only species whose eyes have dark pupils and irises against a bright white background 
B)  there may be some evolutionary cost if the whites of human eyes are more visible to predators 
C)  adults show the same types of brain responses to gazes toward objects and gazes toward people 
D)  adults show different neural responses to a person who looks directly at them than a person who averts his gaze C

Question 2

Rachel has noticed that she is a much better swimmer than her peers.She recognizes that she can swim laps faster and that the instructor is always praising her form while correcting her classmates' form.This illustrates:

Accepted Answer

A)  kinesthetic self-concept 
B)  overjustification effect 
C)  self-efficacy 
D)  social comparison 
A)  kinesthetic self-concept 
B)  overjustification effect 
C)  self-efficacy 
D)  social comparison D

Question 3

Jamal is a 3-year-old who participates in the false photograph task with his cousin Daniel, who is 5 years old.Each child is shown a camera on a tripod with a stuffed bear in front of it.The experimenter takes a picture with the camera.After doing this, she replaces the stuffed bear with a stuffed dog.She then asks each child to note what animal was in the photograph.What is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both boys will say the stuffed bear. 
B)  Only Jamal will say the stuffed bear. 
C)  Only Daniel will say the stuffed dog. 
D)  Both boys will say the stuffed dog. 
A)  Both boys will say the stuffed bear. 
B)  Only Jamal will say the stuffed bear. 
C)  Only Daniel will say the stuffed dog. 
D)  Both boys will say the stuffed dog. B

Question 4

Sung grew up in Korea and Jason grew up in the United States.Which of the following statements is correct about the types of attributions both men would make for negative behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both men are most likely to make situational attributions. 
B)  Sung is more likely to make situational attributions than is Jason. 
C)  Jason is more likely to make situational attributions than is Sung. 
D)  Both men are most likely to make dispositional attributions. 
A)  Both men are most likely to make situational attributions. 
B)  Sung is more likely to make situational attributions than is Jason. 
C)  Jason is more likely to make situational attributions than is Sung. 
D)  Both men are most likely to make dispositional attributions.

Question 5

All of the following statements are true EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  several primate species maintain elaborate dominance hierarchies, or networks of relations based on the ranking of group members 
B)  the structure of hierarchies often involves a single powerful individual at the top and increasingly large groups of subordinates as status decreases 
C)  when new members join a primate group, they are often unable to infer the hierarchy of relationships from observing interactions 
D)  primates can be sensitively tuned to the social dominance relations in their group, but also show major deficiencies in other theory of mind tasks 
A)  several primate species maintain elaborate dominance hierarchies, or networks of relations based on the ranking of group members 
B)  the structure of hierarchies often involves a single powerful individual at the top and increasingly large groups of subordinates as status decreases 
C)  when new members join a primate group, they are often unable to infer the hierarchy of relationships from observing interactions 
D)  primates can be sensitively tuned to the social dominance relations in their group, but also show major deficiencies in other theory of mind tasks

Question 6

Describe the interpersonal self, noting when this is evident in development.

Accepted Answer

The interpersonal self is the sense of i

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-efficacy and self-esteem both have a moment-to-moment quality. 
B)  Self-efficacy has more of a moment-to-moment quality than self-esteem. 
C)  Self-esteem has more of a moment-to-moment quality than self-efficacy. 
D)  Self-efficacy and self-esteem are both extremely stable. 
A)  Self-efficacy and self-esteem both have a moment-to-moment quality. 
B)  Self-efficacy has more of a moment-to-moment quality than self-esteem. 
C)  Self-esteem has more of a moment-to-moment quality than self-efficacy. 
D)  Self-efficacy and self-esteem are both extremely stable.

Question 8

Mitch thinks of his past accomplishments and what he believes he can attain in the future.This illustrates his ________ self.

Accepted Answer

A)  conceptual 
B)  extended 
C)  ideal 
D)  temporal 
A)  conceptual 
B)  extended 
C)  ideal 
D)  temporal

Question 9

Differentiate between gender identity, gender roles, and gender object choice.

Accepted Answer

Gender identity is not the same as gende

Question 10

Gracie is a 9-month-old in a high chair at the table.She sees her mother look at one of two books on the table.What is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gracie will not notice where her mother is looking. 
B)  Gracie will look longer at the book that is in the direction of her mother's eye gaze. 
C)  Gracie will look longer at the book that is in the opposite direction from her mother's eye gaze. 
D)  Gracie will split her attention between both books on the table. 
A)  Gracie will not notice where her mother is looking. 
B)  Gracie will look longer at the book that is in the direction of her mother's eye gaze. 
C)  Gracie will look longer at the book that is in the opposite direction from her mother's eye gaze. 
D)  Gracie will split her attention between both books on the table.

Question 11

Describe how self-esteem changes with development.

Accepted Answer

Young children are likely to have high l

Question 12

Michelle falls asleep in her psychology class during a guest lecture.Her classmate assumes this was a result of the guest lecturer being boring.This is an example of what psychologists refer to as a(n) ________ attribution.

Accepted Answer

A)  dispositional 
B)  intrinsic 
C)  extrinsic 
D)  situational 
A)  dispositional 
B)  intrinsic 
C)  extrinsic 
D)  situational

Question 13

Yuko is a 5-year-old growing up in Japan and Ursula is a 5-year-old growing up in the United States.What is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yuko and Ursula will not differ in self-regulatory abilities. 
B)  Yuko will show higher levels of self-regulation early on. 
C)  Ursula will show higher levels of self-regulation early on. 
D)  Yuko will show higher levels of self-regulation but this difference will not be evident until adolescence. 
A)  Yuko and Ursula will not differ in self-regulatory abilities. 
B)  Yuko will show higher levels of self-regulation early on. 
C)  Ursula will show higher levels of self-regulation early on. 
D)  Yuko will show higher levels of self-regulation but this difference will not be evident until adolescence.

Question 14

Joe participates in a study.He is presented with a box of bandages.When he opens the box, he sees an eraser.The researcher asks him what another child seeing the box for the first time would think was inside it.This is an example of a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  false-belief task 
B)  Sally-Anne task 
C)  social cognition task 
D)  unexpected locations task 
A)  false-belief task 
B)  Sally-Anne task 
C)  social cognition task 
D)  unexpected locations task

Question 15

________ refers to a conscious sense of self as an independent agent in the world.

Accepted Answer

A)  Conceptual self 
B)  Sense of self-determination 
C)  Self-concept 
D)  Reflective self 
A)  Conceptual self 
B)  Sense of self-determination 
C)  Self-concept 
D)  Reflective self

Question 16

Some researchers believe that theory of mind develops as a(n) ________, or a relatively autonomous, specialized cognitive system.

Accepted Answer

A)  attribution 
B)  component 
C)  faculty 
D)  module 
A)  attribution 
B)  component 
C)  faculty 
D)  module

Question 17

Describe how research with children with autism may suggest that there is a theory of mind module.

Accepted Answer

Children with autism may show meticulous

Question 18

Jayden is 5 years old, and his brother, Zach, is 10 years old.Both boys are told a story about a child who was very fearful.When asked what the protagonist of the story would be like as an adult:

Accepted Answer

A)  both boys will believe the protagonist of the story will become even more fearful 
B)  Jayden will expect more positive change for the protagonist than would Zach 
C)  Zach will expect more positive change for the protagonist than would Jayden 
D)  both boys will believe the protagonist of the story will become extremely brave 
A)  both boys will believe the protagonist of the story will become even more fearful 
B)  Jayden will expect more positive change for the protagonist than would Zach 
C)  Zach will expect more positive change for the protagonist than would Jayden 
D)  both boys will believe the protagonist of the story will become extremely brave

Question 19

Susie is in preschool and her sister, Stacy, is in fourth grade.Which outcome is most likely?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both Susie and Stacy have extremely positive views of self-esteem on all dimensions. 
B)  Susie will have extremely positive views of self-esteem and Stacy will see clear negative attributes in the self. 
C)  Stacy will have extremely positive views of self-esteem and Susie will see clear negative attributes in the self. 
D)  Both Susie and Stacy see positive and also negative attributes in the self. 
A)  Both Susie and Stacy have extremely positive views of self-esteem on all dimensions. 
B)  Susie will have extremely positive views of self-esteem and Stacy will see clear negative attributes in the self. 
C)  Stacy will have extremely positive views of self-esteem and Susie will see clear negative attributes in the self. 
D)  Both Susie and Stacy see positive and also negative attributes in the self.

Question 20

Maysa did poorly on her term paper.She believes she is a horrible writer.The professor suggested that Maysa visit the Writing Center, but she does not see a point to putting in more effort for her next assignment because it probably would not improve her grade.Maysa would be a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed-trait theorist 
B)  fundamental theorist 
C)  incremental theorist 
D)  situational theorist 
A)  fixed-trait theorist 
B)  fundamental theorist 
C)  incremental theorist 
D)  situational theorist

All of the following statements are true EXCEPT:

Rachel has noticed that she is a much better swimmer than her peers.She recognizes that she can swim laps faster and that the instructor is always praising her form while correcting her classmates' form.This illustrates:

Sung grew up in Korea and Jason grew up in the United States.Which of the following statements is correct about the types of attributions both men would make for negative behavior?

All of the following statements are true EXCEPT:

Describe the interpersonal self, noting when this is evident in development.

Which of the following statements is true?

Mitch thinks of his past accomplishments and what he believes he can attain in the future.This illustrates his ________ self.

Differentiate between gender identity, gender roles, and gender object choice.

Gracie is a 9-month-old in a high chair at the table.She sees her mother look at one of two books on the table.What is the most likely outcome?

Describe how self-esteem changes with development.

Michelle falls asleep in her psychology class during a guest lecture.Her classmate assumes this was a result of the guest lecturer being boring.This is an example of what psychologists refer to as a(n) ________ attribution.

Yuko is a 5-year-old growing up in Japan and Ursula is a 5-year-old growing up in the United States.What is the most likely outcome?

Joe participates in a study.He is presented with a box of bandages.When he opens the box, he sees an eraser.The researcher asks him what another child seeing the box for the first time would think was inside it.This is an example of a(n):

________ refers to a conscious sense of self as an independent agent in the world.

Some researchers believe that theory of mind develops as a(n) ________, or a relatively autonomous, specialized cognitive system.

Describe how research with children with autism may suggest that there is a theory of mind module.

Jayden is 5 years old, and his brother, Zach, is 10 years old.Both boys are told a story about a child who was very fearful.When asked what the protagonist of the story would be like as an adult:

Susie is in preschool and her sister, Stacy, is in fourth grade.Which outcome is most likely?

Maysa did poorly on her term paper.She believes she is a horrible writer.The professor suggested that Maysa visit the Writing Center, but she does not see a point to putting in more effort for her next assignment because it probably would not improve her grade.Maysa would be a(n):

Approaching Psychological Development

The Biology of Development

Coming to Perceive the World

The Emergence of Action

Coming to Understand the Physical World

Connecting with the Social World

The Origins of Emotion, Temperament, and Personality

Language Development

The Growth of Knowledge

The Growth of Cognitive Skills

Intelligence and Schooling

Morality in Thought and Action

Becoming Part of the Family

Becoming Part of the Community

Psychopathology in Childhood

Development after Childhood and Adolescence

Filters

Exam 13: Knowing Ourselves, Knowing Others

All of the following statements are true EXCEPT:

Rachel has noticed that she is a much better swimmer than her peers.She recognizes that she can swim laps faster and that the instructor is always praising her form while correcting her classmates' form.This illustrates:

Sung grew up in Korea and Jason grew up in the United States.Which of the following statements is correct about the types of attributions both men would make for negative behavior?

All of the following statements are true EXCEPT:

Describe the interpersonal self, noting when this is evident in development.

Which of the following statements is true?

Mitch thinks of his past accomplishments and what he believes he can attain in the future.This illustrates his ________ self.

Differentiate between gender identity, gender roles, and gender object choice.

Gracie is a 9-month-old in a high chair at the table.She sees her mother look at one of two books on the table.What is the most likely outcome?

Describe how self-esteem changes with development.

Michelle falls asleep in her psychology class during a guest lecture.Her classmate assumes this was a result of the guest lecturer being boring.This is an example of what psychologists refer to as a(n) ________ attribution.

Yuko is a 5-year-old growing up in Japan and Ursula is a 5-year-old growing up in the United States.What is the most likely outcome?

Joe participates in a study.He is presented with a box of bandages.When he opens the box, he sees an eraser.The researcher asks him what another child seeing the box for the first time would think was inside it.This is an example of a(n):

________ refers to a conscious sense of self as an independent agent in the world.

Some researchers believe that theory of mind develops as a(n) ________, or a relatively autonomous, specialized cognitive system.

Describe how research with children with autism may suggest that there is a theory of mind module.

Jayden is 5 years old, and his brother, Zach, is 10 years old.Both boys are told a story about a child who was very fearful.When asked what the protagonist of the story would be like as an adult:

Susie is in preschool and her sister, Stacy, is in fourth grade.Which outcome is most likely?

Maysa did poorly on her term paper.She believes she is a horrible writer.The professor suggested that Maysa visit the Writing Center, but she does not see a point to putting in more effort for her next assignment because it probably would not improve her grade.Maysa would be a(n):

Approaching Psychological Development

The Biology of Development

Coming to Perceive the World

The Emergence of Action

Coming to Understand the Physical World

Connecting with the Social World

The Origins of Emotion, Temperament, and Personality

Language Development

The Growth of Knowledge

The Growth of Cognitive Skills

Intelligence and Schooling

Morality in Thought and Action

Becoming Part of the Family

Becoming Part of the Community

Psychopathology in Childhood

Development after Childhood and Adolescence

Filters