Exam 4: Geologic Time Concepts and Principles

At times in Earth's history, volcanoes have been more active and large ice sheets have covered the continents. The fact that this is not observed today contradicts uniformitarianism.

Placing geologic events in a chronological order from their position in the rock record is called ____.

You are hiking in the mountains and come across a cliff in which a vein of igneous rock is cutting across the layers of sedimentary rock in the area. The igneous rock is ____ than the sedimentary rock.

A half-life is the amount of time required ____.

The half-life of carbon 14 is ____ years.

__________________, an isotope commonly used to date organic material, is formed from the conversion of nitrogen-14 by cosmic rays.

The principle of ____________________ states that, in a sequence of sedimentary rocks, those found at the bottom of the sequence are oldest.

James Hutton pioneered the principle that we know today as uniformitarianism.

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons in the nuclei are known as ____.

C arbon-14 dating technique is generally used to date living matter .