Question 1

Finding information in a textbook is an example of using the rational method of inquiry.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

What kind of reasoning uses a general statement to make conclusions about specific examples?

Accepted Answer

A)  inductive 
B)  deductive 
C)  scientific 
D)  predictive 
A)  inductive 
B)  deductive 
C)  scientific 
D)  predictive

Question 3

Which potential problem can occur when the rational method is used?

Accepted Answer

A)  People are not necessarily very good at logical reasoning. 
B)  It requires hands-on experience, so it can be messy or even dangerous. 
C)  There is no mechanism for testing the accuracy of the claims. 
D)  This method requires lengthy and difficult testing. 
A)  People are not necessarily very good at logical reasoning. 
B)  It requires hands-on experience, so it can be messy or even dangerous. 
C)  There is no mechanism for testing the accuracy of the claims. 
D)  This method requires lengthy and difficult testing.

Question 4

How do quantitative and qualitative research differ?

Accepted Answer

The major difference between quantitativ

Question 5

You have dinner reservations at 7:30 at a restaurant that is 30 minutes away and it is already 7:20, leading you to conclude that you are going to be late. This is an example of using the empirical method.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Describe a problem that can arise when you are trying to obtain information using only the method of authority. How is this problem avoided in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Potential problems with the method of au

Question 7

Pseudoscience is based on ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  testable hypotheses 
B)  objective evidence 
C)  subjective evidence 
D)  refutable hypotheses 
A)  testable hypotheses 
B)  objective evidence 
C)  subjective evidence 
D)  refutable hypotheses

Question 8

If you are a psychologist embarking on a research study, what should you do first?

Accepted Answer

A)  identify an idea and search the literature to form the research question 
B)  form a testable, refutable hypothesis based on current theories 
C)  decide which individuals should participate and how they should be recruited 
D)  select a research and analytic strategy based on what is typically used 
A)  identify an idea and search the literature to form the research question 
B)  form a testable, refutable hypothesis based on current theories 
C)  decide which individuals should participate and how they should be recruited 
D)  select a research and analytic strategy based on what is typically used

Question 9

A football player who knows that his performance will be better if he wears his lucky shirt is using the method of faith.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Part of the scientific method involves using a hypothesis to make predictions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Using a hypothesis to predict how people will behave demonstrates the use of induction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The phrase "science is objective" means that scientific answers are ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  based on direct observation 
B)  based on logical reasoning 
C)  not influenced by researcher bias 
D)  made available for evaluation by others 
A)  based on direct observation 
B)  based on logical reasoning 
C)  not influenced by researcher bias 
D)  made available for evaluation by others

Question 13

What is a potential problem with the method of authority?

Accepted Answer

A)  A person may claim to be an expert when he or she really is not. 
B)  An "expert" answer may be only a personal, subjective opinion. 
C)  An expert may be giving answers outside his or her area of expertise. 
D)  The other three choices are all potential problems. 
A)  A person may claim to be an expert when he or she really is not. 
B)  An "expert" answer may be only a personal, subjective opinion. 
C)  An expert may be giving answers outside his or her area of expertise. 
D)  The other three choices are all potential problems.

Question 14

In the scientific method, the actual research study is not done until after the researcher has formed a hypothesis and made a specific prediction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Last year Tomas and his friend Jamie were both too short to ride the rollercoaster. Jamie went to the park this year and was tall enough to ride. Because Tomas is taller than Jamie, he thinks that he will be able to ride the rollercoaster as well. Tomas is using the ____ to answer his question.

Accepted Answer

A)  method of empiricism 
B)  rational method 
C)  method of authority 
D)  scientific method 
A)  method of empiricism 
B)  rational method 
C)  method of authority 
D)  scientific method

Question 16

Pseudoscience is based on objective, empirical evidence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

When your doctor uses a stethoscope to listen to your heart, the doctor is gathering information by using the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  method of authority 
B)  rational method 
C)  empirical method 
D)  method of intuition 
A)  method of authority 
B)  rational method 
C)  empirical method 
D)  method of intuition

Question 18

Based on observations of his own children, Jean Piaget formed a theory about the cognitive development of all children. This is an example of ____ reasoning.

Accepted Answer

A)  inductive 
B)  deductive 
C)  practical 
D)  predictive 
A)  inductive 
B)  deductive 
C)  practical 
D)  predictive

Question 19

An explanation is rational if it is based on ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  widely held beliefs 
B)  logical deductions 
C)  evidence of the senses 
D)  respect for the source of the explanation 
A)  widely held beliefs 
B)  logical deductions 
C)  evidence of the senses 
D)  respect for the source of the explanation

Question 20

A limitation of using the rational method is that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  there is no method for correcting erroneous ideas 
B)  there is no way to separate accurate from inaccurate knowledge 
C)  people often accept an expert's statement without question 
D)  people are generally not very good at reasoning 
A)  there is no method for correcting erroneous ideas 
B)  there is no way to separate accurate from inaccurate knowledge 
C)  people often accept an expert's statement without question 
D)  people are generally not very good at reasoning

Finding information in a textbook is an example of using the rational method of inquiry.

What kind of reasoning uses a general statement to make conclusions about specific examples?

Which potential problem can occur when the rational method is used?

How do quantitative and qualitative research differ?

You have dinner reservations at 7:30 at a restaurant that is 30 minutes away and it is already 7:20, leading you to conclude that you are going to be late. This is an example of using the empirical method.

Describe a problem that can arise when you are trying to obtain information using only the method of authority. How is this problem avoided in the scientific method?

Pseudoscience is based on ____.

If you are a psychologist embarking on a research study, what should you do first?

A football player who knows that his performance will be better if he wears his lucky shirt is using the method of faith.

Part of the scientific method involves using a hypothesis to make predictions.

Using a hypothesis to predict how people will behave demonstrates the use of induction.

The phrase "science is objective" means that scientific answers are ____.

What is a potential problem with the method of authority?

In the scientific method, the actual research study is not done until after the researcher has formed a hypothesis and made a specific prediction.

Last year Tomas and his friend Jamie were both too short to ride the rollercoaster. Jamie went to the park this year and was tall enough to ride. Because Tomas is taller than Jamie, he thinks that he will be able to ride the rollercoaster as well. Tomas is using the ____ to answer his question.

Pseudoscience is based on objective, empirical evidence.

When your doctor uses a stethoscope to listen to your heart, the doctor is gathering information by using the ____.

Based on observations of his own children, Jean Piaget formed a theory about the cognitive development of all children. This is an example of ____ reasoning.

An explanation is rational if it is based on ____.

A limitation of using the rational method is that ____.

Research Ideas and Hypotheses

Defining and Measuring Variables

Ethics in Research

Selecting Research Participants

Research Strategies and Validity

The Experimental Research Strategy

Experimental Designs: Between-Subjects Design

Experimental Designs: Within-Subjects Design

The Nonexperimental and Quasi-Experimental Strategies: Nonequivalent Group, Prepost, and Developmental Designs

Factorial Designs

The Correlational Research Strategy

The Descriptive Research Strategy

Single-Case Experimental Research Designs

Statistical Evaluation of Data

Writing an Apa-Style Research Report

Filters

Exam 1: Introduction, Acquiring Knowledge, and the Scientific Method

Finding information in a textbook is an example of using the rational method of inquiry.

What kind of reasoning uses a general statement to make conclusions about specific examples?

Which potential problem can occur when the rational method is used?

How do quantitative and qualitative research differ?

You have dinner reservations at 7:30 at a restaurant that is 30 minutes away and it is already 7:20, leading you to conclude that you are going to be late. This is an example of using the empirical method.

Describe a problem that can arise when you are trying to obtain information using only the method of authority. How is this problem avoided in the scientific method?

Pseudoscience is based on ____.

If you are a psychologist embarking on a research study, what should you do first?

A football player who knows that his performance will be better if he wears his lucky shirt is using the method of faith.

Part of the scientific method involves using a hypothesis to make predictions.

Using a hypothesis to predict how people will behave demonstrates the use of induction.

The phrase "science is objective" means that scientific answers are ____.

What is a potential problem with the method of authority?

In the scientific method, the actual research study is not done until after the researcher has formed a hypothesis and made a specific prediction.

Last year Tomas and his friend Jamie were both too short to ride the rollercoaster. Jamie went to the park this year and was tall enough to ride. Because Tomas is taller than Jamie, he thinks that he will be able to ride the rollercoaster as well. Tomas is using the ____ to answer his question.

Pseudoscience is based on objective, empirical evidence.

When your doctor uses a stethoscope to listen to your heart, the doctor is gathering information by using the ____.

Based on observations of his own children, Jean Piaget formed a theory about the cognitive development of all children. This is an example of ____ reasoning.

An explanation is rational if it is based on ____.

A limitation of using the rational method is that ____.

Research Ideas and Hypotheses

Defining and Measuring Variables

Ethics in Research

Selecting Research Participants

Research Strategies and Validity

The Experimental Research Strategy

Experimental Designs: Between-Subjects Design

Experimental Designs: Within-Subjects Design

The Nonexperimental and Quasi-Experimental Strategies: Nonequivalent Group, Prepost, and Developmental Designs

Factorial Designs

The Correlational Research Strategy

The Descriptive Research Strategy

Single-Case Experimental Research Designs

Statistical Evaluation of Data

Writing an Apa-Style Research Report

Filters