Question 1

How many main effects are there in a 2 × 3 factorial design?

Accepted Answer

A)  Two 
B)  Three 
C)  Six 
D)  Nine 
A)  Two 
B)  Three 
C)  Six 
D)  Nine

Question 2

When the means for a two-factor study are displayed in a graph and the lines in the graph are perfectly parallel, what can you conclude about the main effects and interaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no main effect for either of the two factors. 
B)  There is a main effect for both of the two factors. 
C)  There is no interaction between factors. 
D)  There are no main effects and no interaction between factors. 
A)  There is no main effect for either of the two factors. 
B)  There is a main effect for both of the two factors. 
C)  There is no interaction between factors. 
D)  There are no main effects and no interaction between factors.

Question 3

The results from a two-factor ANOVA show no main effect for factor A but a significant interaction. What can you conclude based on this pattern of results?

Accepted Answer

A)  Factor A has no effect on the participants' scores. 
B)  Factor A may have an effect but, if so, it depends on the levels of factor B. 
C)  Because the interaction is significant, factor A must also have an effect. 
D)  The effect of factor A is constant across all levels of factor B. 
A)  Factor A has no effect on the participants' scores. 
B)  Factor A may have an effect but, if so, it depends on the levels of factor B. 
C)  Because the interaction is significant, factor A must also have an effect. 
D)  The effect of factor A is constant across all levels of factor B.

Question 4

It is often possible to reduce the variance in a between-subjects design by using a participant variable such as age or gender as a second factor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

In a two-factor experiment, an interaction can distort the main effects of either or both factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In a 2 × 3 between-subjects factorial experiment, there are ____ groups of participants.

Accepted Answer

A)  two 
B)  three 
C)  six 
D)  eight 
A)  two 
B)  three 
C)  six 
D)  eight

Question 7

In an experiment examining the effects of task difficulty (easy/hard) for men and women, the factors are ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  male and female 
B)  easy and hard 
C)  male, female, easy, and hard 
D)  difficulty and gender 
A)  male and female 
B)  easy and hard 
C)  male, female, easy, and hard 
D)  difficulty and gender

Question 8

A two-factor experimental design evaluates two main effects and one interaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which statement accurately describes a two-factor analysis of variance?

Accepted Answer

A)  It conducts one hypothesis test and produces one F -ratio. 
B)  It conducts two separate hypothesis tests and produces two F -ratios. 
C)  It conducts three separate hypothesis tests and produces three F -ratios. 
D)  It conducts three separate hypothesis tests with the number of F -ratios produced depending on the number of levels. 
A)  It conducts one hypothesis test and produces one F -ratio. 
B)  It conducts two separate hypothesis tests and produces two F -ratios. 
C)  It conducts three separate hypothesis tests and produces three F -ratios. 
D)  It conducts three separate hypothesis tests with the number of F -ratios produced depending on the number of levels.

Question 10

The following data represent the means for each treatment condition in a two-factor experiment. What pattern of results is shown in the data? $\begin{array}{c}
\begin{array}{lll}
\text { B1 } \
\
\text { B2 } 
\end{array}
\begin{array}{  | l | l| } 
\hline \
 \mathrm { M } = 20 & \mathrm { M } = 20 \
\
 \mathrm { M } = 30 & \mathrm { M } = 50 \
\hline
\end{array}
\end{array}$

Accepted Answer

A)  Main effects for both factors and an interaction 
B)  Main effects for both factors and no interaction 
C)  A main effect for factor A, no main effect for factor B, and no interaction 
D)  A main effect for factor A and an interaction but no main effect for factor B 
A)  Main effects for both factors and an interaction 
B)  Main effects for both factors and no interaction 
C)  A main effect for factor A, no main effect for factor B, and no interaction 
D)  A main effect for factor A and an interaction but no main effect for factor B

Question 11

Explain what it means to say that main effects and interactions are all independent.

Accepted Answer

The existence of a main effect does not

Question 12

If participating in treatment A before treatment B causes more fatigue than participating in treatment B before treatment A, then there are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  no interactions between the factors 
B)  no order effects 
C)  symmetrical order effects 
D)  nonsymmetrical order effects 
A)  no interactions between the factors 
B)  no order effects 
C)  symmetrical order effects 
D)  nonsymmetrical order effects

Question 13

In a two-factor design, there are two separate interactions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which outcome is possible in a 2 × 2 factorial design?

Accepted Answer

A)  Two main effects and two interactions 
B)  A main effect for one factor, no main effect for the other factor, and two interactions 
C)  No main effect for either factor and one interaction 
D)  A four-way interaction 
A)  Two main effects and two interactions 
B)  A main effect for one factor, no main effect for the other factor, and two interactions 
C)  No main effect for either factor and one interaction 
D)  A four-way interaction

Question 15

The following data represent the means for each treatment condition in a two-factor experiment. Note that one mean is not given. What value would result in NO interaction between factors? $\begin{array}{c}
\begin{array}{lll}
\text { A1 } \
\
\text {A2 } \

\end{array}
\begin{array}{  | l | l| } 
\hline \
20\quad \quad&60\quad\quad \
\
50 &  \
\hline
\end{array}
\end{array}$

Accepted Answer

A)  60 
B)  70 
C)  80 
D)  90 
A)  60 
B)  70 
C)  80 
D)  90

Question 16

In a 2 × 2 between-subjects factorial experiment, there are a total of ____ treatment conditions in the experiment, and each participant serves in ____ condition(s).

Accepted Answer

A)  2; 1 
B)  4; 1 
C)  2; 2 
D)  4; 2 
A)  2; 1 
B)  4; 1 
C)  2; 2 
D)  4; 2

Question 17

A two-factor study compares two different treatment conditions (factor 1) for males and females (factor 2). In this study, the males have an average score of 20 in the first treatment and an average of 25 in the second. The females average 35 in the first treatment and 45 in the second. For this study, there is no interaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In order to determine whether factors influence or interact with each other, a researcher must use ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  two experiments 
B)  a factorial design 
C)  a between-subjects design 
D)  a mixed design 
A)  two experiments 
B)  a factorial design 
C)  a between-subjects design 
D)  a mixed design

Question 19

A researcher conducts a two-factor study to evaluate the effect of a medication for males and for females. If the results of the study show a 10-point main effect for the medication (participants taking the medicine average 10 points lower than those in the no-medication condition) and also show a significant interaction between medication and gender, then what can the researcher conclude about the effect of the medication?

Accepted Answer

A)  The medication lowers scores by around 10 points and the effect is the same for males and females. 
B)  Although the average effect of the medication is to lower scores by 10 points, the exact effect depends on the gender of the participant. 
C)  Because there is an interaction, you cannot conclude that the medication has any effect. 
D)  Additional information is needed to come to a conclusion. 
A)  The medication lowers scores by around 10 points and the effect is the same for males and females. 
B)  Although the average effect of the medication is to lower scores by 10 points, the exact effect depends on the gender of the participant. 
C)  Because there is an interaction, you cannot conclude that the medication has any effect. 
D)  Additional information is needed to come to a conclusion.

Question 20

A two-factor study comparing task performance for males versus females (factor 1) for three different levels of task difficulty (factor 2) would be described as a 2 × 3 design.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

How many main effects are there in a 2 × 3 factorial design?

When the means for a two-factor study are displayed in a graph and the lines in the graph are perfectly parallel, what can you conclude about the main effects and interaction?

The results from a two-factor ANOVA show no main effect for factor A but a significant interaction. What can you conclude based on this pattern of results?

It is often possible to reduce the variance in a between-subjects design by using a participant variable such as age or gender as a second factor.

In a two-factor experiment, an interaction can distort the main effects of either or both factors.

In a 2 × 3 between-subjects factorial experiment, there are ____ groups of participants.

In an experiment examining the effects of task difficulty (easy/hard) for men and women, the factors are ____.

A two-factor experimental design evaluates two main effects and one interaction.

Which statement accurately describes a two-factor analysis of variance?

The following data represent the means for each treatment condition in a two-factor experiment. What pattern of results is shown in the data? B1 B2 =20 =20 =30 =50

Explain what it means to say that main effects and interactions are all independent.

If participating in treatment A before treatment B causes more fatigue than participating in treatment B before treatment A, then there are ________.

In a two-factor design, there are two separate interactions.

Which outcome is possible in a 2 × 2 factorial design?

The following data represent the means for each treatment condition in a two-factor experiment. Note that one mean is not given. What value would result in NO interaction between factors? A1 A2 20 60 50

In a 2 × 2 between-subjects factorial experiment, there are a total of treatment conditions in the experiment, and each participant serves in condition(s).

In order to determine whether factors influence or interact with each other, a researcher must use ____.

A two-factor study comparing task performance for males versus females (factor 1) for three different levels of task difficulty (factor 2) would be described as a 2 × 3 design.

Introduction, Acquiring Knowledge, and the Scientific Method

Research Ideas and Hypotheses

Defining and Measuring Variables

Ethics in Research

Selecting Research Participants

Research Strategies and Validity

The Experimental Research Strategy

Experimental Designs: Between-Subjects Design

Experimental Designs: Within-Subjects Design

The Nonexperimental and Quasi-Experimental Strategies: Nonequivalent Group, Prepost, and Developmental Designs

The Correlational Research Strategy

The Descriptive Research Strategy

Single-Case Experimental Research Designs

Statistical Evaluation of Data

Writing an Apa-Style Research Report

Filters

Exam 11: Factorial Designs

How many main effects are there in a 2 × 3 factorial design?

When the means for a two-factor study are displayed in a graph and the lines in the graph are perfectly parallel, what can you conclude about the main effects and interaction?

The results from a two-factor ANOVA show no main effect for factor A but a significant interaction. What can you conclude based on this pattern of results?

It is often possible to reduce the variance in a between-subjects design by using a participant variable such as age or gender as a second factor.

In a two-factor experiment, an interaction can distort the main effects of either or both factors.

In a 2 × 3 between-subjects factorial experiment, there are ____ groups of participants.

In an experiment examining the effects of task difficulty (easy/hard) for men and women, the factors are ____.

A two-factor experimental design evaluates two main effects and one interaction.

Which statement accurately describes a two-factor analysis of variance?

The following data represent the means for each treatment condition in a two-factor experiment. What pattern of results is shown in the data? B1 B2 =20 =20 =30 =50

Explain what it means to say that main effects and interactions are all independent.

If participating in treatment A before treatment B causes more fatigue than participating in treatment B before treatment A, then there are ________.

In a two-factor design, there are two separate interactions.

Which outcome is possible in a 2 × 2 factorial design?

The following data represent the means for each treatment condition in a two-factor experiment. Note that one mean is not given. What value would result in NO interaction between factors? A1 A2 20 60 50

In a 2 × 2 between-subjects factorial experiment, there are a total of ____ treatment conditions in the experiment, and each participant serves in ____ condition(s).

In order to determine whether factors influence or interact with each other, a researcher must use ____.

A two-factor study comparing task performance for males versus females (factor 1) for three different levels of task difficulty (factor 2) would be described as a 2 × 3 design.

Introduction, Acquiring Knowledge, and the Scientific Method

Research Ideas and Hypotheses

Defining and Measuring Variables

Ethics in Research

Selecting Research Participants

Research Strategies and Validity

The Experimental Research Strategy

Experimental Designs: Between-Subjects Design

Experimental Designs: Within-Subjects Design

The Nonexperimental and Quasi-Experimental Strategies: Nonequivalent Group, Prepost, and Developmental Designs

The Correlational Research Strategy

The Descriptive Research Strategy

Single-Case Experimental Research Designs

Statistical Evaluation of Data

Writing an Apa-Style Research Report

Filters

In a 2 × 2 between-subjects factorial experiment, there are a total of treatment conditions in the experiment, and each participant serves in condition(s).