Question 1

The unit about which information is collected and that provides the basis of analysis is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) universe. 
B) sampling unit. 
C) statistic. 
D) sampling frame. 
E) element. 
A) universe. 
B) sampling unit. 
C) statistic. 
D) sampling frame. 
E) element. E

Question 2

Periodicity is particularly important in:

Accepted Answer

A) simple random sampling. 
B) availability sampling. 
C) stratified sampling. 
D) quota sampling. 
E) systematic sampling. 
A) simple random sampling. 
B) availability sampling. 
C) stratified sampling. 
D) quota sampling. 
E) systematic sampling. E

Question 3

Generally, the more heterogeneous the population, the more beneficial it is to use stratified sampling.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

You are doing research on hospital personnel-orderlies, technicians, nurses, and doctors. You want to be sure you draw a sample that has cases in each of the personnel categories. You want to use probability sampling. An appropriate strategy would be:

Accepted Answer

A) simple random sampling. 
B) quota sampling. 
C) cluster sampling. 
D) stratified sampling. 
E) accidental sampling. 
A) simple random sampling. 
B) quota sampling. 
C) cluster sampling. 
D) stratified sampling. 
E) accidental sampling.

Question 5

A researcher who uses a list of registered voters as a sampling frame and selects every 5th person on the randomized list is engaging in what kind of sampling?

Accepted Answer

A) Systematic 
B) Stratified 
C) Simple random 
D) Quota 
E) Multistage cluster 
A) Systematic 
B) Stratified 
C) Simple random 
D) Quota 
E) Multistage cluster

Question 6

Nonprobability sampling:

Accepted Answer

A) always produces samples that possess distorted characteristics relative to the population. 
B) denies the researcher the use of statistical theory to estimate the probability of correct inferences. 
C) should never be used under any circumstances. 
D) includes stratified sampling. 
E) requires the use of sampling frames. 
A) always produces samples that possess distorted characteristics relative to the population. 
B) denies the researcher the use of statistical theory to estimate the probability of correct inferences. 
C) should never be used under any circumstances. 
D) includes stratified sampling. 
E) requires the use of sampling frames.

Question 7

Each stage in cluster sampling adds additional sampling error that must be taken into account.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Multistage sampling designs tend to have smaller sampling errors than single-stage sampling designs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What is Probability Proportionate to Size (PPS)sampling? Provide one example of a research question that would be effectively addressed using PPS sampling.

Accepted Answer

Probability Proportionate to Size (PPS)

Question 10

Dr. Chang is conducting a research study of undergraduate students at her college. She wants to ensure an equal number of students from each grade level, so she uses the list of all students provided by the registrar's office. From each list, she randomly selects 50 students from each group. What strategy of sampling is Dr. Chang using?

Accepted Answer

A) Simple random sampling 
B) Quota sampling 
C) Cluster sampling 
D) Stratified sampling 
E) Accidental sampling 
A) Simple random sampling 
B) Quota sampling 
C) Cluster sampling 
D) Stratified sampling 
E) Accidental sampling

Question 11

Dr. Smith is instructing his graduate students to put together a sample for an upcoming research study of college students. The graduate students were asked to stand outside of the student union to solicit participants, finding 50 freshmen, 50 sophomores, 50 juniors, and 50 seniors. What sort of sampling method is being used?

Accepted Answer

A) Simple random sampling 
B) Quota sampling 
C) Cluster sampling 
D) Stratified sampling 
E) Accidental sampling 
A) Simple random sampling 
B) Quota sampling 
C) Cluster sampling 
D) Stratified sampling 
E) Accidental sampling

Question 12

A study population is:

Accepted Answer

A) the theoretical and hypothetical aggregation of all elements as defined for a given survey. 
B) the theoretically specified aggregation of survey elements. 
C) that aggregation of elements from which the sample is actually selected. 
D) that aggregation or set of elements considered for selection in some stage of sampling. 
E) that aggregation of elements from which information is collected. 
A) the theoretical and hypothetical aggregation of all elements as defined for a given survey. 
B) the theoretically specified aggregation of survey elements. 
C) that aggregation of elements from which the sample is actually selected. 
D) that aggregation or set of elements considered for selection in some stage of sampling. 
E) that aggregation of elements from which information is collected.

Question 13

Stratifying a population prior to drawing a sample:

Accepted Answer

A) decreases the probable sampling error. 
B) eliminates the need for simple random sampling. 
C) is most useful for studying a homogeneous population. 
D) eliminates the need for probability sampling. 
E) is an alternative to systematic sampling. 
A) decreases the probable sampling error. 
B) eliminates the need for simple random sampling. 
C) is most useful for studying a homogeneous population. 
D) eliminates the need for probability sampling. 
E) is an alternative to systematic sampling.

Question 14

The chief aim of probability sampling is to be able to select:

Accepted Answer

A) a sample whose parameters are representative of an unknown population parameter. 
B) a sample whose statistics will accurately portray an unknown population parameter. 
C) a sample whose parameters will accurately portray an unknown population statistic. 
D) a sample whose statistics will accurately portray a known population parameter. 
E) a sample whose unknown statistics will accurately portray a known parameter. 
A) a sample whose parameters are representative of an unknown population parameter. 
B) a sample whose statistics will accurately portray an unknown population parameter. 
C) a sample whose parameters will accurately portray an unknown population statistic. 
D) a sample whose statistics will accurately portray a known population parameter. 
E) a sample whose unknown statistics will accurately portray a known parameter.

Question 15

Professor Hall was planning to do a field study of hitchhikers. Hall wanted to be sure that persons representing all different age, racial, and sex categories were included in the sample of hitchhikers. What kind of sampling scheme would you recommend?

Accepted Answer

A) Deviant cases 
B) Quota sampling 
C) Stratified sampling 
D) Snowball sampling 
E) Cluster sampling 
A) Deviant cases 
B) Quota sampling 
C) Stratified sampling 
D) Snowball sampling 
E) Cluster sampling

Question 16

What are some of the potential ethical implications of a poorly designed sampling strategy? How can researchers avoid presenting their research outcomes in a misleading way?

Accepted Answer

Some potential ethical implications of a

Question 17

Statistical computations assume that you have done:

Accepted Answer

A) simple random sampling. 
B) systematic sampling. 
C) cluster sampling. 
D) stratified sampling. 
E) disproportionate sampling. 
A) simple random sampling. 
B) systematic sampling. 
C) cluster sampling. 
D) stratified sampling. 
E) disproportionate sampling.

Question 18

Telephone directories are notorious for being inadequate sampling frames for public opinion polls. What problems are associated with using the telephone directory as a sampling frame in a public opinion poll?

Accepted Answer

There are several problems associated wi

Question 19

Sampling error is reduced through an increase in the sample size and an increased homogeneity of the elements being sampled.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

When selecting variables for stratification, it is best to select variables that:

Accepted Answer

A) stratify based on gender. 
B) stratify based on age. 
C) stratify based on the variables you want to represent. 
D) stratify in order to achieve equally sized group. 
E) always stratify into at most three groups. 
A) stratify based on gender. 
B) stratify based on age. 
C) stratify based on the variables you want to represent. 
D) stratify in order to achieve equally sized group. 
E) always stratify into at most three groups.

The unit about which information is collected and that provides the basis of analysis is called a(n):

Periodicity is particularly important in:

Generally, the more heterogeneous the population, the more beneficial it is to use stratified sampling.

You are doing research on hospital personnel-orderlies, technicians, nurses, and doctors. You want to be sure you draw a sample that has cases in each of the personnel categories. You want to use probability sampling. An appropriate strategy would be:

A researcher who uses a list of registered voters as a sampling frame and selects every 5th person on the randomized list is engaging in what kind of sampling?

Nonprobability sampling:

Each stage in cluster sampling adds additional sampling error that must be taken into account.

Multistage sampling designs tend to have smaller sampling errors than single-stage sampling designs.

What is Probability Proportionate to Size (PPS)sampling? Provide one example of a research question that would be effectively addressed using PPS sampling.

A study population is:

Stratifying a population prior to drawing a sample:

The chief aim of probability sampling is to be able to select:

Professor Hall was planning to do a field study of hitchhikers. Hall wanted to be sure that persons representing all different age, racial, and sex categories were included in the sample of hitchhikers. What kind of sampling scheme would you recommend?

What are some of the potential ethical implications of a poorly designed sampling strategy? How can researchers avoid presenting their research outcomes in a misleading way?

Statistical computations assume that you have done:

Telephone directories are notorious for being inadequate sampling frames for public opinion polls. What problems are associated with using the telephone directory as a sampling frame in a public opinion poll?

Sampling error is reduced through an increase in the sample size and an increased homogeneity of the elements being sampled.

When selecting variables for stratification, it is best to select variables that:

Human Inquiry and Science

Paradigms, Theory, and Social Research

The Ethics and Politics of Social Research

Research Design

Conceptualization, Operationalization, and Measurement

Indexes, Scales, and Typologies

Experiments

Survey Research

Qualitative Field Research

Unobtrusive Research

Evaluation Research

Qualitative Data Analysis

Quantitative Data Analysis

The Logic of Multivariate Analysis

Statistical Analyses

Reading and Writing Social Research

Filters

Exam 7: The Logic of Sampling

The unit about which information is collected and that provides the basis of analysis is called a(n):

Periodicity is particularly important in:

Generally, the more heterogeneous the population, the more beneficial it is to use stratified sampling.

You are doing research on hospital personnel-orderlies, technicians, nurses, and doctors. You want to be sure you draw a sample that has cases in each of the personnel categories. You want to use probability sampling. An appropriate strategy would be:

A researcher who uses a list of registered voters as a sampling frame and selects every 5th person on the randomized list is engaging in what kind of sampling?

Nonprobability sampling:

Each stage in cluster sampling adds additional sampling error that must be taken into account.

Multistage sampling designs tend to have smaller sampling errors than single-stage sampling designs.

What is Probability Proportionate to Size (PPS)sampling? Provide one example of a research question that would be effectively addressed using PPS sampling.

A study population is:

Stratifying a population prior to drawing a sample:

The chief aim of probability sampling is to be able to select:

Professor Hall was planning to do a field study of hitchhikers. Hall wanted to be sure that persons representing all different age, racial, and sex categories were included in the sample of hitchhikers. What kind of sampling scheme would you recommend?

What are some of the potential ethical implications of a poorly designed sampling strategy? How can researchers avoid presenting their research outcomes in a misleading way?

Statistical computations assume that you have done:

Telephone directories are notorious for being inadequate sampling frames for public opinion polls. What problems are associated with using the telephone directory as a sampling frame in a public opinion poll?

Sampling error is reduced through an increase in the sample size and an increased homogeneity of the elements being sampled.

When selecting variables for stratification, it is best to select variables that:

Human Inquiry and Science

Paradigms, Theory, and Social Research

The Ethics and Politics of Social Research

Research Design

Conceptualization, Operationalization, and Measurement

Indexes, Scales, and Typologies

Experiments

Survey Research

Qualitative Field Research

Unobtrusive Research

Evaluation Research

Qualitative Data Analysis

Quantitative Data Analysis

The Logic of Multivariate Analysis

Statistical Analyses

Reading and Writing Social Research

Filters