Question 1

Which of the following statements is FALSE about the logic of ANOVA?

Accepted Answer

A) The cases under study are combined into groups representing an independent variable. 
B) The extent to which groups differ from one another is analyzed in terms of some dependent variable. 
C) The extent to which the groups differ is compared with the standard random distribution. 
D) Only one explanatory variable can be used in an ANOVA analysis. 
E) More than one explanatory variable can be used in an ANOVA analysis. 
A) The cases under study are combined into groups representing an independent variable. 
B) The extent to which groups differ from one another is analyzed in terms of some dependent variable. 
C) The extent to which the groups differ is compared with the standard random distribution. 
D) Only one explanatory variable can be used in an ANOVA analysis. 
E) More than one explanatory variable can be used in an ANOVA analysis. D

Question 2

The formulas for some measures of association can result in coefficients with either positive or negative signs. Under which of the following circumstances can those signs be meaningfully interpreted?

Accepted Answer

A) Whenever the data are expressed as frequencies 
B) When the data are measured at the nominal level 
C) When the data are measured at the ordinal level 
D) Whenever the data have a modal category 
E) Whenever the data are expressed as percentages 
A) Whenever the data are expressed as frequencies 
B) When the data are measured at the nominal level 
C) When the data are measured at the ordinal level 
D) Whenever the data have a modal category 
E) Whenever the data are expressed as percentages C

Question 3

Helene has two ratio-level variables in her study and wants to calculate a measure of association. Which one of the following would be best?

Accepted Answer

A) Patterson's D 
B) Shirley's F 
C) Pearson's r 
D) Farley's s 
E) Gamma's r 
A) Patterson's D 
B) Shirley's F 
C) Pearson's r 
D) Farley's s 
E) Gamma's r C

Question 4

Inferential statistics are used to:

Accepted Answer

A) make inferences to only the sample used. 
B) make inferences to the population the sample was taken from. 
C) infer more empirically the underlying meaning of concepts. 
D) infer which assumptions can be violated when doing multivariate analysis. 
E) make inferences to the validity of the analytic results. 
A) make inferences to only the sample used. 
B) make inferences to the population the sample was taken from. 
C) infer more empirically the underlying meaning of concepts. 
D) infer which assumptions can be violated when doing multivariate analysis. 
E) make inferences to the validity of the analytic results.

Question 5

You are interested in studying the causes of juvenile delinquency. Construct a path diagram, using theoretical constructs to indicate causal relationships with three or more independent variables. Interpret your diagram.

Accepted Answer

Path Diagram:

Independent Variable 1 (I

Question 6

Which of the following statistics can be used to determine whether or not there is a statistically significant relationship between two variables in a contingency table?

Accepted Answer

A) gamma 
B) chi square 
C) lambda 
D) Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient 
E) ANOVA 
A) gamma 
B) chi square 
C) lambda 
D) Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient 
E) ANOVA

Question 7

Given the following table: 
a. Calculate and interpret an appropriate measure of association. 
b. Calculate and interpret chi square at the .05 level of significance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Given the following table: 
a. Calculate and...

Question 8

How many degrees of freedom exist in the following table?

Accepted Answer

A) 9 
B) 8 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 1 
A) 9 
B) 8 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 1

Question 9

Chi square is based upon a comparison of observed frequencies with the frequencies that would be expected if there was no relationship between the variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Regression analysis is an integral part of inferential statistics. Using real-life examples, explain when it would be appropriate to use each of the following types of regression analysis: ​ a)linear regression b)multiple regression c)partial regression d)curvilinear regression

Accepted Answer

a) Linear regression: 
Linear regression

Question 11

Explain the assumptions underlying the use of tests of significance. Why is there a controversy over the use of these tests?

Accepted Answer

Tests of significance are statistical to

Question 12

At the univariate level, descriptive statistics are used for:

Accepted Answer

A) measures of association. 
B) multivariate analyses. 
C) data expansion. 
D) data reduction. 
E) determining causality. 
A) measures of association. 
B) multivariate analyses. 
C) data expansion. 
D) data reduction. 
E) determining causality.

Question 13

A path diagram allows you to determine the effect of one variable upon another both directly and indirectly through an intervening variable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Raj wanted to examine the strength of the relationship between political affiliation (Democrat, Republican, Independent, Other, None)and religious beliefs (Protestant, Catholic, Jewish, Muslim, Other, None). Which measure of association should he use to present this relationship?

Accepted Answer

A) lambda 
B) gamma 
C) chi square 
D) Pearson's product moment correlation 
E) omega 
A) lambda 
B) gamma 
C) chi square 
D) Pearson's product moment correlation 
E) omega

Question 15

In factor analysis the researcher must specify the number of factors and which variables to load on the factor to allow the computer to generate factor loadings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Jeff thinks that market sales are influenced by the preceding year's unemployment rate. Jeff should use a ____ for his analysis.

Accepted Answer

A) discriminant analysis 
B) path analysis 
C) factor analysis 
D) time-lagged regression analysis 
E) regression analysis 
A) discriminant analysis 
B) path analysis 
C) factor analysis 
D) time-lagged regression analysis 
E) regression analysis

Question 17

Faced with data that do not support an assumption of independence between two variables in a population, a researcher should:

Accepted Answer

A) immediately reject the assumption of independence. 
B) attribute this discrepancy to an unrepresentative sample or reject the assumption of independence. 
C) retest the data in order to confirm these initial findings. 
D) immediately assume that the sample was unrepresentative of the population. 
E) ignore the findings as incorrect and start again. 
A) immediately reject the assumption of independence. 
B) attribute this discrepancy to an unrepresentative sample or reject the assumption of independence. 
C) retest the data in order to confirm these initial findings. 
D) immediately assume that the sample was unrepresentative of the population. 
E) ignore the findings as incorrect and start again.

Question 18

Both lambda and Pearson's product-moment correlation are based on guessing the mean.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following techniques would be MOST useful in analyzing the relationship between sex (male, female), political party preference (Democrat, Republican, Other), religious affiliation (believe in a higher order, unsure about a higher order, do not believe in a higher order), and support for gun control (yes, no, don't know)?

Accepted Answer

A) log-linear models 
B) one-way ANOVA 
C) partial regression 
D) chi square 
E) multiple regression 
A) log-linear models 
B) one-way ANOVA 
C) partial regression 
D) chi square 
E) multiple regression

Question 20

Samuel wanted to calculate a measure of association for her two variables of age and education, both of which were coded in three ordinal categories. Which one of the following would be best?

Accepted Answer

A) lambda 
B) omega 
C) gamma 
D) alpha 
E) delta 
A) lambda 
B) omega 
C) gamma 
D) alpha 
E) delta

Which of the following statements is FALSE about the logic of ANOVA?

The formulas for some measures of association can result in coefficients with either positive or negative signs. Under which of the following circumstances can those signs be meaningfully interpreted?

Helene has two ratio-level variables in her study and wants to calculate a measure of association. Which one of the following would be best?

Inferential statistics are used to:

You are interested in studying the causes of juvenile delinquency. Construct a path diagram, using theoretical constructs to indicate causal relationships with three or more independent variables. Interpret your diagram.

Which of the following statistics can be used to determine whether or not there is a statistically significant relationship between two variables in a contingency table?

Given the following table: a. Calculate and interpret an appropriate measure of association. b. Calculate and interpret chi square at the .05 level of significance.

How many degrees of freedom exist in the following table?

Chi square is based upon a comparison of observed frequencies with the frequencies that would be expected if there was no relationship between the variables.

Regression analysis is an integral part of inferential statistics. Using real-life examples, explain when it would be appropriate to use each of the following types of regression analysis: a)linear regression b)multiple regression c)partial regression d)curvilinear regression

Explain the assumptions underlying the use of tests of significance. Why is there a controversy over the use of these tests?

At the univariate level, descriptive statistics are used for:

A path diagram allows you to determine the effect of one variable upon another both directly and indirectly through an intervening variable.

Raj wanted to examine the strength of the relationship between political affiliation (Democrat, Republican, Independent, Other, None)and religious beliefs (Protestant, Catholic, Jewish, Muslim, Other, None). Which measure of association should he use to present this relationship?

In factor analysis the researcher must specify the number of factors and which variables to load on the factor to allow the computer to generate factor loadings.

Jeff thinks that market sales are influenced by the preceding year's unemployment rate. Jeff should use a ____ for his analysis.

Faced with data that do not support an assumption of independence between two variables in a population, a researcher should:

Both lambda and Pearson's product-moment correlation are based on guessing the mean.

Samuel wanted to calculate a measure of association for her two variables of age and education, both of which were coded in three ordinal categories. Which one of the following would be best?

Human Inquiry and Science

Paradigms, Theory, and Social Research

The Ethics and Politics of Social Research

Research Design

Conceptualization, Operationalization, and Measurement

Indexes, Scales, and Typologies

The Logic of Sampling

Experiments

Survey Research

Qualitative Field Research

Unobtrusive Research

Evaluation Research

Qualitative Data Analysis

Quantitative Data Analysis

The Logic of Multivariate Analysis

Reading and Writing Social Research

Filters

Exam 16: Statistical Analyses

Which of the following statements is FALSE about the logic of ANOVA?

The formulas for some measures of association can result in coefficients with either positive or negative signs. Under which of the following circumstances can those signs be meaningfully interpreted?

Helene has two ratio-level variables in her study and wants to calculate a measure of association. Which one of the following would be best?

Inferential statistics are used to:

You are interested in studying the causes of juvenile delinquency. Construct a path diagram, using theoretical constructs to indicate causal relationships with three or more independent variables. Interpret your diagram.

Which of the following statistics can be used to determine whether or not there is a statistically significant relationship between two variables in a contingency table?

Given the following table: a. Calculate and interpret an appropriate measure of association. b. Calculate and interpret chi square at the .05 level of significance.

How many degrees of freedom exist in the following table?

Chi square is based upon a comparison of observed frequencies with the frequencies that would be expected if there was no relationship between the variables.

Regression analysis is an integral part of inferential statistics. Using real-life examples, explain when it would be appropriate to use each of the following types of regression analysis: ​ a)linear regression b)multiple regression c)partial regression d)curvilinear regression

Explain the assumptions underlying the use of tests of significance. Why is there a controversy over the use of these tests?

At the univariate level, descriptive statistics are used for:

A path diagram allows you to determine the effect of one variable upon another both directly and indirectly through an intervening variable.

Raj wanted to examine the strength of the relationship between political affiliation (Democrat, Republican, Independent, Other, None)and religious beliefs (Protestant, Catholic, Jewish, Muslim, Other, None). Which measure of association should he use to present this relationship?

In factor analysis the researcher must specify the number of factors and which variables to load on the factor to allow the computer to generate factor loadings.

Jeff thinks that market sales are influenced by the preceding year's unemployment rate. Jeff should use a ____ for his analysis.

Faced with data that do not support an assumption of independence between two variables in a population, a researcher should:

Both lambda and Pearson's product-moment correlation are based on guessing the mean.

Samuel wanted to calculate a measure of association for her two variables of age and education, both of which were coded in three ordinal categories. Which one of the following would be best?

Human Inquiry and Science

Paradigms, Theory, and Social Research

The Ethics and Politics of Social Research

Research Design

Conceptualization, Operationalization, and Measurement

Indexes, Scales, and Typologies

The Logic of Sampling

Experiments

Survey Research

Qualitative Field Research

Unobtrusive Research

Evaluation Research

Qualitative Data Analysis

Quantitative Data Analysis

The Logic of Multivariate Analysis

Reading and Writing Social Research

Filters

Regression analysis is an integral part of inferential statistics. Using real-life examples, explain when it would be appropriate to use each of the following types of regression analysis: a)linear regression b)multiple regression c)partial regression d)curvilinear regression